Structure of Civil Defence Forces
Civil Defence Forces were formed in the 70-s. Initially their mission was to protect civilian population and territories against the effects of mass destruction weapons employment. Increasing number of natural catastrophes, technological and ecological disasters faced Civil Defence Forces the problem of immediate response to emergencies. More often Civil Defence Forces had to act in peace-time crisis situations providing relief and rescue operations in the event of earthquakes, landslides, wild fires, traffic accidents, etc. So, their missions were extended.
At present Civil Defence Forces are organized and trained to carry out missions on protection of people, industry and environment both at peace and war time. Their structure is determined by tasks they are to perform. To train personnel for Civil Defence Forces a separate training rescue center was organized.
Civil Defence Forces include different units and subunits. The main of them are rescue units and subunits, CBR protection units, fire-fighting regiments as well as helicopter detachments, automobile units and others. To conduct civil defence missions a high-risk operation centre, air squadrons, Central emergency communication centre as well as All-Russia’s monitoring and predicting centre are formed.
Units and subunits of Civil Defence Forces are equipped with modern search and rescue tools, measuring instruments, aviation and automobile machinery, special cross country vehicles, etc.
Civil Defence Forces are subordinated to the Ministry for Civil Defence, Emergencies and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters. The Minister through his Deputy Minister controls the activity of Civil Defence Forces. The Deputy Minister in his turn is responsible for ensuring preparedness of Civil Defence Forces to act in emergency situations at time of peace and war. He performs his functions through civil defence centres located in different cities of the country.
While carrying out their missions Civil Defence Forces cooperate with regional civil defence centres, local civil defence headquarters, units of Ministry for Interior, Ministry of Health and other organizations.
The personnel of Civil Defence Forces is enlisted by contract and trained in several professions. Civil defence specialists are highly skilled and capable to render qualified emergency assistance. They know foreign languages and are ready to conduct relief operations abroad.