СУБ'ЄКТНИЙ ДІЄПРИКМЕТНИКОВИЙ КОМПЛЕКС
(THE SUBJECTIVE PARTICIPLE COMPLEX)
Суб'єктний дієприкметниковий комплекс складається з двох частин. Перша частина комплексу — іменник у загальному відмінку або особовий займенник у називному відмінку. Друга частина комплексу — дієприкметник (здебільшого Present Participle), що виражає дію, яку виконує особа або предмет, позначені першою частиною комплексу:
A plane was heard flying Було чути, як високо
high in the sky. в небі летів літак.
Суб'єктний дієприкметниковий комплекс вживається переважно з дієсловами, які виражають сприймання за допомогою органів чуттів (to see, to hear, to feel, to watch, to notice, to observe у пасивному стані) і виконують у реченні роль присудка, який ставиться між першою і другою частиною комплексу.
З дієсловами to consider,to believe вважати; to find знаходити іноді вживається суб'єктний дієприкметниковий комплекс з Past Participle:
The work was considered Роботу вважали закінченою. finished.
У реченні суб'єктний дієприкметниковий комплекс виконує функцію складного підмета.
Exercise 1
Read and translate the sentences:
1. He was seen examining the patients. 2. They were noticed entering the department store. 3. She was heard crying. 4. The girl was seen crossing the street. 5. The poem is believed written by Byron.
Самостійна робота №12
1. Read and translate the text:
Gynecological Disorders
Symptoms such as vaginal itching, burning, pain and discharge are some of the most common reasons that women seek medical care. Often, the problem is vaginitis, an inflammation of the vagina. In women of childbearing age, the most common cause is a bacterial infection. The main symptom is a smelly vaginal discharge, but some women have no symptoms. The treatment is antibiotics.
Other infections that can cause vaginitis include trichomoniasis and yeast infections. Some other causes of vaginal symptoms, including vaginal bleeding, are sexually transmitted diseases, vaginal cancer and vulvar cancer.
Problems with the cervix include: cervicitis, inflammation of the cervix; cervical incompetence, widening of the cervical opening during pregnancy long before the baby is due; cervical polyps and cysts, abnormal growths on the cervix.
2. Say if it is true or false:
1. Women seek medical care in case of vaginal itching, burning, pain and discharge.
2. Vaginitis is an inflammation of the vulva.
3. In women of childbearing age, the most common cause is a viral infection.
4. Cervicitis is an inflammation of the cervix.
5. Cervical polyps and cysts, abnormal growths on the cervix.
Lesson 19
Male Reproductive System
1. Pre-reading activities
1.1 Read and memorize the words:
scrotum – мошонка sperm – сперма
semen – сім’я, сперма penis – статевий член
urination – сечовиділення reproduction – відтворення
epididymus – придаток яєчка testis (testes) - яєчко;
glans penis – головка статевого члена
male sex hormones – чоловічі статеві гормони
seminiferous tubule – сім’явиносний каналець
the prostate gland - передміхурова залоза
1.2 Match the words-combinations:
a pair of testes сприяє рухливості
seminiferous tubules через уретру
are collected in the in ducts пара яєчок
is ejected from the body м’яка чутлива частина
through the urethra сім’явиносні канальці
aids the motility збирається у протоках
a soft sensitive part виділяється з організму
2. Reading activities
2.1 Read and translate the text
Male Reproductive System
The male gonads (organs in male which produce sex cells) are a pair of testes, the scrotum (a sac enclosing the testes on the outside the body), the prostate gland and the penis. The interior of a testis is composed of a large mass of the seminiferous tubules. These tubules contain cells which manufacture spermatozoa. Other cells in the testes produce an important male hormone, testosterone. Sperm cells move through seminiferous tubules and are collected in the ducts which lead to a large tube at the epididymis (upper part of each testis). Semen is a combination of fluid spermatozoa which is ejected from the body through the urethra. The prostate gland secretes a thick fluid which as a part of semen aids the motility of the sperm. The penis is composed of erectile tissue and a soft sensitive part called the glans penis. The glans penis can be visible when the foreskin (prepuce) is removed or invisible when a fold of skin covers it.
3. Vocabulary exercises:
3.1 Suggest the Ukrainian for:
male reproductive system; the interior of a testis; a large mass of the seminiferous tubules; contain cells which manufacture spermatozoa; a combination of fluid spermatozoa; aids the motility of the sperm.
3.2 Find in the text the following words and words- combinations: чоловіча репродуктивна система; сім'яникові канальці; виробляють сперматозоїди; важливий чоловічий гормон; передміхурова залоза; густа рідина; рухливість сперми.
3.2 Answer the questions to the text:
1. What does the male reproductive system consist of?
2. What is the interior of a testis composed of? 3.What do these tubules contain? 4. What are the male gonads? 5. What does the prostate gland secrete?
3.4 Fill in:
1. The interior of a testis is composed of a large mass of the ... tubules. 2. Other cells in the testes produce an important male ..., testosterone. 3. The prostate gland secretes a thick fluid which as a part of semen aids the ... of the sperm.
3.5 Get ready to speak about the reproductive system.
GRAMMAR