Местоимения something, nothing, anything, somebody, nobody, anybody, somewhere, anywhere, nowhere

Some, any, much, many, (a) few, (a) little

Some и any переводятся «немного, несколько». Но чаще всего они совсем не переводятся в русском предложении. Они указывают на небольшое количество чего-то. Эти слова употребляются с исчисляемыми и с неисчисляемыми существительными.

— Some употребляется в утвердительных предложениях:

I have some work for you.

— Some употребляется в утверждениях, предложениях, просьбах:

Give me some milk, please.

Shall I buy some juce?

Give me some water, please.

— Any используется в отрицательных и вопросительных предложениях, его можно перевести «какой-либо, какой-то»:

Do you have any questions?

I don't hear any sounds.

Much и many переводятся как «много» и указывают на большое количество чего-либо.

— Much употребляется с неисчисляемыми существительными (которые мы не можем посчитать):
Much juce, much sugar (мы не можем посчитать сок, так как это жидкость, сок можно посчитать только в стаканах; сахар мы тоже не можем посчитать, так как его по крупинкам никто считать не будет).

— Many употребляется с исчисляемыми существительными.

Many cookies, many cats, many men.

Few и little означают «мало».

— Little употребляем с неисчисляемыми существительными (которые нельзя посчитать):
We have little water left.

— Few — с исчисляемыми существительными:

Few people understand me.

Exercises

Дополните предложения подходящим словом.

a) She hasn’t got ______________ friends. (some / any)

b) I didn’t do ______________ work today. (much / many)

c) She didn’t eat ______________ food. (much / many)

d) There aren’t ______________ trees in the garden. (much / many)

e) I haven’t read ______________ books. (many / much)

f) We have planted ______________ roses in the garden. (some / any)

g) Don’t waste ______________ time watching TV. (much / many)

h) She can speak ______________ languages. (much / many)

i) She hasn’t got ______________ cars. (some / any)

j) If you find ______________ strawberries, keep some for me. (any / some)

k) You can borrow ______________ book you like. (many / any)

Дополните предложения much, many, (a) little, (a) few.

a) There were very ______________ people at the concert. The hall was almost empty.

b) – Cream? Yes please. But only _______________ sugar. I don’t like my coffee too sweet.

c) There weren’t ______________ students at the university yesterday. Were they on strike?

d) _____________ people go there because they’ve opened some nice cafés.

e) We’ve got very ___________ eggs, so we can only make one small omelette.

f) - Did you read any books during your holiday? - Not ______________. I didn’t have __________ time to sit down and relax.

g) - How _______________ money have you got? - Only _________________.

h) It’s a small car. There is very ________________ room in it.

i) My brother is very popular. He’s got ______________ friends.

j) I must hurry. I’ve got very ______________ time.

3. Дополните предложения правильным вариантом: few/a few, little or a little.

a) Hurry! We’ve got ______________ time.

b) I saw Tom ______________ days ago.

c) If what you say is true, there is ______________ we can do about it.

d) I can’t let you use much of this perfume. There’s only ______________ in the bottle.

e) This town isn’t very well-known and there isn’t much to see, so ______________ tourists come here.

f) I don’t think Jill would be a good teacher. She’s got ______________ patience with children.

g) “Would you like some more cake?” – “Yes, please, but only ______________ .”

h) There are very ______________ scholarships for students in this university.

i) We didn’t have any money but Ann had ______________ .

j) This is not the first time the car has broken down. It has happened ______________ times before.

k) There is a shortage of water because there has been very ______________ rain recently.

4. Дополните предложения одним из следующих слов: some | any | a little | a few | much | many

a) Not all the children went outside. ______________ of them stayed in the classroom.

b) I have to go to the supermarket. There isn’t ______________ coffee left.

c) How ______________ bottles of water do we need?

d) Would you like ______________ milk? Yes, please. Just ______________.

e) The land is not suitable for agriculture, so ______________ food is imported.

f) There are only ______________ students ready for the lesson.

g) How ______________ people live in this house?

h) Can you tell me ______________ about your life in London?

Местоимения something, nothing, anything, somebody, nobody, anybody, somewhere, anywhere, nowhere

Эти местоимения образованы от местоимений some, no, any и подчиняются тем же грамматическим правилам.

С местоимениями something, nothing, anything, somebody, nobody, anybody употребляются глаголы 3 лица единственного числа.

There is somebody in the room. — В комнате кто-то есть.

There is something on the table. — На столе что-то есть.

Is there anybody in the room?— В комнате кто-то есть?

Is there anything on the table? — На столе что-то есть?

There is nobody in the room. — В комнате никого нет.

There is nothing on the table. — На столе ничего нет.

При наличии в предложении местоимений nothing, nobody, nowhere дополнительных отрицаний не требуется.

Nobody knows him. — Никто его не знает.

She has nothing in her bag. — У нее в сумке ничего нет.

I can't find him. Не isnowhere. — Я не могу его найти. Его нигде нет.

Exercises

1. Дополните предложения словами somebody / something / somewhere or anybody / anything / anywhere.

a) There is ______________ in the bathroom.

b) Did ______________ answer the telephone?

c) Come in. I have to tell you ______________.

d) Is there _____________ interesting to go to over the weekend?

e) _______________ took my car keys.

f) I didn’t say ______________ at the meeting.

g) For me a good place to go on vacation is _______________ by the sea.

h) She’s sure her children are hiding _______________ in the house.

i) I’m so hungry! I would eat ____________.

j) I can do it by myself. I don’t need ____________ to help me.

2. В следующих предложениях заполните пропуски одним из следующих слов: something/anything - somebody/anybody - somewhere/anywhere

a) She said ______________ but I didn't understand anything.

b) Has ______________ found my blue pencil? No, I'm sorry.

c) Would ______________ help me, please? Yes, I can help you.

d) Have you got ______________ to eat? No, I haven't.

e) Tom, can you give me ______________ to drink, please?

f) Is there ______________ in the house? No, it's deserted.

g) Do you know ______________ about London transport? No, I don't.

h) What's wrong? "There's ______________ in my eye."

i) Would you like ______________ to drink? Yes, please.

j) ______________ has broken the window. I don't know who.

k) He didn't say ______________.

l) I'm looking for my keys. Has ______________ seen them? No, I'm sorry.

m) Teach me ______________ exciting.

n) I didn't eat ______________ because I wasn't hungry.

o) Dad, can we go ______________ on Sunday? Yes, what about going to the zoo?

Present Simple

Exercises

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