From the history of Scotland Yard
The task of organizing and designing the «New Police» was placed in the hands of Colonel Charles Rowan and Sir Richard Mayne. These two Commissioners occupied a private house at 4, Whitehall Palace, the back of which opened on to a courtyard, which had been the site of a residence owned by the Kings of Scotland and known as «Scotland Yard». Since the place was used as a police station, the headquarters of the Metropolitan Police became known as Scotland Yard.
These headquarters were removed in 1890 to premises on the Victoria Embankment and became known as «New Scotland Yard»; but in 1967, because of the need for a larger and more modern headquarters building, a further removal took place to the present site at Victoria Street (10 Broadway), which is also known as «New Scotland Yard».
The Force suffered many trials and difficulties in overcoming public hostility and opposition. But, by their devotion to duty and constant readiness to give help and advice coupled with kindliness and good humour, they eventually gained the approval and trust of the public. The achievement has been fostered and steadily maintained throughout the history of the Force, so that today its relationship with the public is established on the firmest foundation of mutual respect and confidence.
3. Answer the following questions:
Who was responsible for organizing and designing the «New Police»?
Why did the headquarters of the Metropolitan Police become known as Scotland Yard?
What is «New Scotland Yard» and where is it currently located?
What difficulties in relations with public did the force suffer?
What is the main principle of the Force’s relationship with the public?
4. Find in the text above the English equivalents for the following words and expressions:
главное полицейское управление
Столичная полиция
комиссар полиции
претерпевать невзгоды
преодолеть враждебное отношение
завоевать доверие общественности
на основе взаимного уважения
5. Fill in the gap in the text below with the appropriate words from the previous text:
Scotland Yard is a popular name for the _____ of London’s Metropolitan Police Force, and especially its Criminal Investigation Department. The name is derived from a small area where the headquarters was situated from 1829 to 1890. The area, in turn, was named after ______ _____ of Scottish kings in London. The custom of referring to the headquarters as _______ ______ began soon after the ______ was reorganized by the British statesman Sir Robert Peel in 1829. The headquarters was moved in 1890 to new buildings erected on the Thames Embankment, which were known as ______ ______ _______. In 1967 the present headquarters, a modern 20-storey building situated near the Houses of Parliament, was opened.
Just for fun
A man could not find his handkerchief and accused his neighbour of stealing it. After a while the man found the handkerchief in his pocket and apologized for accusing the neighbor.
Never mind, - said the latter. – You thought I was a thief and I thought you were a gentleman.
Text №2
1. Read and translate the following international words without dictionary.
Agency, arrest, argument, auto, control, criminal, detective, department, expert, examination, identification, information, inspection, police, police station, public, problem, photography, radio, uniform, unit.
2. Read and translate the text
Scotland Yard
Scotland Yard is the headquarters of the Metropolitan Police in London. The area supervised by the London Metropolitan Police includes all of Greater London with the exception of the City of London, which has its own separate police force. The Metropolitan Police’s duties are the detection and prevention of crime, the preservation of public order, the supervision of road traffic and the licensing of public vehicles, and the organization of civil defence in case of emergency.
The administrative head of Scotland Yard is the Commissioner, who is appointed by the Crown on the recommendation of the Home Secretary. Beneath the commissioner are a Deputy Commissioner and four Assistant Commissioners, each of the latter being in charge of one of Scotland Yard’s four departments: administration, traffic and transport, criminal investigation (the CID), and police recruitment and training.
Though Scotland Yard is in fact the headquarters of the Metropolitan Police Force, the name is almost always associated with the Criminal Investigation Department (CID) of the Metropolitan Police, which was set up in 1878.
The Criminal Investigation Department deals with all aspects of criminal investigation and comprises the criminal records office, fingerprint and photography sections, the company fraud squad, a highly mobile police unit known as the flying squad, the metropolitan police laboratory, and the detective-training school.
It is interesting to note that the «999 system» is one of the most successful developments in Scotland Yard’s crime detection and emergency service. On receipt of a call the 999 Room operator locates the nearest available police car, which is contacted by radio. Almost instantly, a message is also sent to the neighbouring police stations, so that within seconds a police car is on its way to the scene and all the police stations concerned have been notified.
Apart from the 999 Room, there is also an interesting place in Scotland Yard. It is the Map Room. Here is the Central Crime Map, the Deaths by Violence Map, the Accidents Map and the Vehicles Recovered Map.
An old-established section of Scotland Yard is the Mounted Branch, with its strength of about 200 horses stabled at strategic points. These horses are particularly suited to ceremonial occasions, for they are accustomed to military bands.
Scotland Yard keeps extensive files on all known criminals in the United Kingdom. It also has a special branch of police who guard visiting dignitaries, royalty, and statesmen. Finally, Scotland Yard is responsible for maintaining links between British law-enforcement agencies and Interpol. Although Scotland Yard’s responsibility is limited to metropolitan London, its assistance is often sought by police in other parts of England, particularly with regard to difficult cases. The Yard also assists in the training of police personnel in the countries of Commonwealth.
3. Answer the following questions:
1. What is the headquarters of the Metropolitan Police in London?
2. Which parts of London are covered by the Metropolitan Police?
3. What are the Metropolitan Police’s Duties?
4. Who is the administrative head of Scotland Yard?
5. When did Scotland Yard set up its Criminal Investigation Department?
6. What cases does the CID deal with?
7. What is one of the most successful developments in Scotland Yard’s crime
detection and emergency service?
What have you learnt of the Map Room in Scotland Yard?
9. What assistance does the Yard render to the countries of the Commonwealth?
4. Find in the text above the English equivalents for the following words and expressions:
Главное управление полиции
Большой Лондон
Отдельная полицейская служба
Быть назначенным королевой
Министр внутренних дел
«Летучий» отряд
Отдел по борьбе с мошенничеством
Звонок о помощи
Ближайший полицейский участок
Департамент уголовного розыска
Городская полиция
Насильственная смерть
Сопровождать военный оркестр
Оказывать содействие
5. Make up different word-combinations using the following words (A,B) and translate them:
A B
To prevent public order
To preserve crime investigation
To supervise assistance
To give road traffic
To deal with crime
6. Choose the English equivalents of the following underlined words:
1. подозреваемый (to suspect, suspicious, a suspect, suspiciously);
2. расследование (to investigate, investigator, investigation, investigative);
3. незаконный ( law, lawful, lawless, legal);
4. насилие (violence, violent, violator) ;
5. помощь (assist, assistance, assistant).
7. Complete this text with the words from the bracket and translate it:
(operator, service, emergency, available)
999 is the telephone number to call for the ___ services: ambulance, fire brigade or police. This number connects you to the ___, who then puts you through to the ___ you want. This service is free and ___ 24 hours a day.
8. Complete the sentences according to the text:
1. Scotland Yard is the headquarters of … … … .
2. The administrative head of Scotland Yard is the … .
3. … … … was set up in 1878.
4. The CID deals with all aspect of … .
5. One of the most successful developments in Scotland Yard’s crime detection and emergency service has been … .
6. … … keeps extensive files on all known criminals in the United Kingdom.
9. Fill in the gaps in the text below with the words and expressions from the brackets:
(Guards; tap; armoured; vehicles; bullet-proof; kidnappers; couriers;
bug; security firm; private detectives)
«Sherlock and Homes» is a ______ _____ which offers a complete range of security services. We have ______ ______ with special _______ windows to transport money and other valuable items. We can supply trained ______ to protect exhibits at art shows and jewellery displays. We can advise you if you think someone is trying to ______ your phone or _______ your private conversations at home or in the office with hidden microphones. We have ex-policemen whom you can hire as ______ ______ and special _______ to deliver your valuable parcels anywhere in the world. We can protect you or your children against possible ________.
Read and reproduce the dialogue:
A: Whose jurisdiction are police А: Кому подчиняется полиция
forces in London placed under? В Лондоне?
B: The Metropolitan Police are Б: Лондонская полиция находится
placed under the jurisdiction of в подчинении Министра
the Home Secretary. Внутренних дел.
A: What uniform do London А: Какую форму носят полицейские
policemen wear? В Лондоне?
B: London policemen wear Б: Лондонские полицейские носят
uniforms with special форму со специальным знаком
badges and helmets. И каску.
A: How can I call for А: Как вызвать полицию?
Police?
B: You should dial «999». Б: Нужно набрать номер «999».
This is an emergency Это для срочного вызова
police call number. Полиции.
A: What are the functions А: Какие функции выполняет
of the police? Полиция?
B: The police are responsible Б: Полиция несет ответственность
for the maintenance of public за поддержание общественного
order, for the protection порядка, охрану жизни и
of citizens’ lives and property. Имущества граждан.
11. Render the following text into English using the information and vocabulary from the texts above (Use dictionary if necessary).
Из истории Скотланд Ярда
В 1829 году первые лондонские комиссары полиции Майн и Роуэн организовали главное полицейское управление в помещении дворца Уайтхолл, в котором раньше останавливались шотландские короли при посещении Лондона. Отсюда и происходит название английской уголовной полиции – Скотланд Ярд (шотландский двор).
Англия столетиями не имела ни общественных обвинителей, ни настоящей полиции. Поддержание порядка и охрана собственности считались делом самих граждан. Но никто не хотел этим заниматься. Англичане предпочитали за деньги нанимать людей для охраны порядка.Каждый мог задержать преступника, привести его к мировому судье и предъявить обвинение. Если обвиняемого осуждали, то задержавший получал вознаграждение, что часто вызывало месть сообщников осужденного.
В 1828 году в Лондоне существовали целые районы, где обворовывали даже днем. На 822 жителя приходился один преступник. Около 30,000 человек существовали исключительно за счет грабежей и воровства. Ситуация была настолько серьезной, что министр внутренних дел Сэр Роберт Пил решил наконец создать полицию вопреки общественному мнению. Эта инициатива привела к горячим дебатам в Парламенте. Но в конце концов полиция обеспечила безопасность на улицах Лондона и завоевала доверие общества.
Supplementary reading
Text №1
1. Read and translate the following newspaper article.
Some new words to the text:
Trap ловушка
Decoy приманка
To reinforce укреплять
Saloon седан
Dim смутный
Dimly lit малоосвещенный
Trapping car thieves
A computerized decoy car is being used by the Warwickshire police to trap car thieves. The car is fitted with an immobilizing device which cuts the ignition and locks the reinforced doors and windows. A warning alarm then alerts a local police station.
The four-door family saloon is parked by the police in dimly-lit area, making it an ideal target for thieves.
The Warwickshire police are using the vehicle to help combat a 70 per cent increase in car crimes. Inspector David Fry, who is in charge of the operation, said: «Anyone attempting to steal it is in for a big surprise. They won’t know how big until it’s too late».
2. Answer the following questions:
1. Are there many car thieves in Britain?
2. How are they trapped in Warwickshire?
3. Who do you think developed this device?
4. Do you think this device is widely used in other counties too?
5. What is being done in Russia to combat car thieves?
Text №2
Read and translate the text. Use dictionary if necessary.
Police Powers
The powers of a police officer in England and Wales to stop and search, arrest and place a person under detention are contained in the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984. The legislation and the code of practice set out the powers and responsibilities of officers in the investigation of offences, and the rights of citizens.
An officer is liable to disciplinary proceedings if he or she fails to comply with any provision of the codes, and evidence obtained in breach of the codes may be ruled inadmissible in court. The code must be readily available in all police stations for consultation by police officers, detained people and members of the public.
Stop and Search
A police officer in England and Wales has the power to stop and search people and vehicles if there are reasonable grounds for suspecting that he or she will find stolen goods, offensive weapons or implements that could be used for theft, burglary or other offences. The officer must, however, state and record the grounds for taking this action and what, if anything, was found.
The Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994 enables a senior police officer to authorise uniformed officers to stop and search people or vehicles for offensive weapons, dangerous implements where he or she has reasonable grounds for believing that serious incidents of violence may take place. The officer must specify the time-scale and area in which the powers are to be exercised.
Arrest
In England and Wales the police have wide powers to arrest people suspected of having committed an offence with or without a warrant issued by a court. For serious offences, known as «arrestable offences», a suspect can be arrested without a warrant. Arrestable offences are those for which five or more years’ imprisonment can be imposed. This category also includes «serious arrestable offences» such as murder, rape and kidnapping.
There is also a general arrest power for all other offences if it is impracticable or inappropriate to send out a summons to appear in court, or if the police officer has reasonable grounds for believing that arrest is necessary to prevent the person concerned from causing injury to any other person or damage to property.