Read and translate into Russian the synonyms given below
Gun – weapon
Crime – offence
Criminal – offender
Assistance – help
Fight – combat, struggle
Safeguard – security
Job – work
Deal with – handle
Involve – include
Public order – law and order
5. Find in the text above the English equivalents for the following words and expressions:
- поддерживают правопорядок
- основатель полиции
- национальная полиция
- советники графств и мировые судьи
- вооруженный грабеж
- охранять политиков и дипломатов
- как и в армии / подобно армии
- работают добровольно несколько часов в неделю
- осуществлять контроль за правонарушениями
- превышение скорости
- вождение автомобиля в пьяном виде
- охранять общественный порядок
- пропавшее имущество.
6. Explain the common nicknames of the British policemen:
«Bobbies», «the cops», «the fuzz», «the pigs», «the Old Bill».
7. Choose and use the right words in the following sentences:
Offence offender
Offensive offended
1. Sometimes it is very difficult to find the suspect for an … immediately.
2. He was charged with a serious …
3. It was a very serious … against the law.
4. He … against the law.
5. First … are people found guilty for the first time.
6. Old … are people who have often been found guilty.
7. These are … weapons.
8. Confirm or deny the statements using the following phrases:
Quite so…
Right you are…
I quite agree with you here …
Or:
I am afraid not…
I don’t agree with you…
I am afraid you are wrong
Excuse me but…
On the contrary…
Not quite so…
- Great Britain has a national police force which is controlled by central Government.
- British policemen are to be seen in towns and cities keeping law and order, either walking in pairs down the streets or driving specially marked police cars.
- Everybody realize that the police in Britain are organized very differently from many other countries.
- Each British police force has a police authority – a committee of local county councillors and magistrates.
- The police forces co-operate with each other and it is usual for members of one force to operate in another’s area.
- Usually British policemen carry firearms in their day-to-day work.
- All members of the police must have gained a certain level of academic qualifications at school and undergone a period of intensive training.
- The police are helped by a number of Special Constables – members of Criminal Investigation Department (CID) and Economic Crimes Investigation Department (ECID).
- The main responsibility of the traffic wardens is to locate and apprehend criminals.
9. Answer the following questions:
1. Who was the founder of the British police?
- What does «walking the beat» mean?
- Why are British police cars called «jam-sandwich» cars in colloquial speech?
- Is there a single police force, organized by central government?
- What is the major difference in police organization between Britain and some other countries?
- When do British police forces co-operate with each other?
- What is the name of London’s police headquarters?
- In what situations can policemen carry arms?
- What are the ranks of policemen?
- What is the job of CID officers?
- What are the duties of traffic wardens?
- What is Scotland Yard and what does it do?
10. Read the text and fill in the gaps with the appropriate words and expressions from the previous text:
In Britain different areas have different _____ ____. For instance, the Metropolitan police operate in London, but there are different police forces in the counties outside London.
The top man in each police force is ____ ____. He is appointed by the local Watch Committee which is a _____ ____ of the local government. The Watch Committee can dismiss him, too, if the central government agrees. The Chief Constable appoints all the _____ below him in his force.
Things are slightly different in London. The top man is known as the Metropolitan Police Commissioner and his appointment is arranged through the central government.
British police are normally not _____. In special cases, when their work becomes dangerous, they can be given______ however.
As is well known, the ____ of the British policeman is blue, with a tall helmet. These days, though, you can see a different uniform in the streets. This is the uniform with the yellow hatband worn by ______ _____. Their job is simply to control traffic and _____ _____.
The most famous name connected with the British police is ______ _____. It is the headquarters of the London police force. Besides dealing with local police matters, the London police also help all over England and Wales with difficult crimes. They do this at the request of the local police.
11. Render the following text into English using the information and vocabulary from the text above:
В Великобритании существует 52 полицейских подразделения: 43 в Англии и Уэльсе, 8 в Шотландии и 1 в Северной Ирландии. Столичная полиция и полиция лондонского Сити отвечают за охрану общественного порядка в Лондоне. Кроме того, специальное подразделение транспортной полиции патрулирует железнодорожную сеть, а также метро Лондона.
Полицейская служба финансируется центральным правительством и местными властями. Каждое полицейское подразделение имеет своих специальных констеблей-добровольцев, которые работают в полиции в свободное время и помогают кадровым офицерам полиции, причем их работа не оплачивается. Они являются своеобразным связующим звеном между полицией и населением.
Полицейские подразделения Англии и Уэллса подведомственны органам местной полиции. Столичная полиция находится в подчинении у Министра внутренних дел. Подразделения в областях возглавляют констебли. Они несут ответственность за свою работу перед центральными полицейскими органами, которые назначают начальника полиции и его помощника. Комиссар Столичной полиции и его непосредственные подчиненные назначаются по рекомендации министра внутренних дел.