Ex. 48. Open the brackets.
A) 1. A new school (to build) in our street not long ago. 2. The telegram (to receive) tomorrow. 3. Many parties (to hold) in this large hall. 4. The poem (to learn) by everybody. 5. The taxi (to call) 15 minutes ago. 6. English (to teach) by Mr. Wilson next year. 7. The window (to break) by the students last month 8.The translation (to do) by them in 2 days. 9. The article (to publish) last week. 10. The work (to do) very carefully yesterday.
B) 1.The invitation (to accept) by everybody last week. 2. This palace (to build) in1828. 3. The young man (to introduce) to me yesterday. 4. The house (to paint) by them next month. 5. The first prize usually (to win) by our team. 6. The film (to show) on TV next week. 7. Many stories (to tell) by our mother in the evening. 8. The composition (to check) by the teacher in a few days. 9. The book (to discuss) at the last conference. 10. A new book (to show) by Lydia tomorrow.
Ex. 49. Open the brackets, use the verbs in Active or Passive Voice.
A) 1. I (to buy) potatoes yesterday. 2. New medicine (to prescribe) her by the doctor yesterday. 3. ”The Forsyte Saga” (to write) by Galsworthy. 4. She always (to invite) me to her dinner. 5. We (do) the work tomorrow. 6. This mountain (to climb) by our group soon. 7. Coffee (to bring) by the waitress soon. 8. Honey (to gather) by bees from the flowers. 9. All the preparations (to finish) tomorrow. 10. The old man (to show) us the way out of the wood.
B) 1. He (to write) this book in the 19-th century. 2. This dress (to make) by her daughter last month. 3. The dishes (to wash) by Helen yesterday. 4. She (to give) me her new address. 5. Everybody (to laugh) at this funny animal. 6. Coffee usually (to make) by mother. 7. All the texts (to look) through an hour ago. 8. They (to bring) the books tomorrow. 9. This new dictionary (to sell) everywhere soon. 10. A huge plant (to build) in our town next year.
Ex. 50. Transform the sentences from Active into Passive Voice.
A) 1. She washes the child every day. 2. We organized the party last week. 3. Mary will invite us to the party. 4. They showed me their rooms. 5. We will present her beautiful flowers. 6. We gathered a collection of minerals.
B) 1. They buy newspapers every morning. 2. They told us interesting stories. 3. People will remember this event. 4. The inspector will ask you many questions. 5. They give orders to the soldiers. 6. Mr. Brown invited George to spend 3 weeks in London.
Conditional Sentences
Ex. 24. Open the brackets. Put the verbs into the correct form.
A) 1. If it (be) fine tomorrow, I shall play tennis. 2. I shouldn't have thought it possible unless I (see) it. 3. We (enjoy) the play if it had not been so long. 4. They would do it if they (can). 5 If the dinner is not ready, I (go) without it. 6. I (show) you how to do it if I knew myself. 7. The Black Sea coast (be) ideal for a holiday, if there were not so many people there. 8. If you (read) that book carefully, you would understand the main idea. 9. I'm sure she will do well if she (go) to the University. 10. If you (be) in, I should have given the book to you.
B) 1. If it (be) convenient, let's meet at nine o'clock. 2. It will be impossible for me to finish my work if you (not cease) this chatter. 3. If you (want) to have tea ready in time, put the kettle on. 4. If she (not, answer) the telephone, she would never have heard the good news. 5. Tell him he must visit the Tower if he ever (go) to London. 6. My friend would be able to help us if he (be) here. 7. If it (rain), you will get wet. 8. If you (want) me to help you, why didn't you say so? 9. If you (go) away, please write to me. 10. I would knit another sweater if I (have) more wool.
ACTIVE VOICE
| PRESENT | PAST | FUTURE | |
| INDEFINITE / SIMPLE | Значение Обычно, постоянно, регулярно, факт, истина, описание. Указательные слова Usually, often, seldom, every day (week, month, year), sometimes, always, on Monday, in the morning (evening), twice a week Образование + J V / V-s (es)… I (we, you, they) do He (she, it) goes - J do (does) not V … I (we, you, they) don't do He (she, it) doesn't go ? do (does) J V…? Do I (we, you, they) do? Does he (she, it) go? W? do (does) J V…? Who V-s…? am - I BE is – he, she, it are – we, you, they + J am ( is, are) - J am (is, are) not ? Am (is, are) J…? W? am (is, are) J…? Who is …? | Значение Дейтсвие в прошлом, не связанное с настоящим, с указанием на время совершения. Указательные слова Yesterday, …ago, last…, in1945, …when I was a child Образование + J V2 / V-ed… I played He went - J did not V … I didn't play He didn't go ? did J V…? Did I play? Did he go? W? did JV…? Who V2 / V-ed …? was – I, he, she, it BE were – we, you, they + J was (were) - J was (were) not ? was (were) J…? W? was (were) J…? Who was…? | Значение Предположение, прогноз; обещание, просьба; решение выполнить действие в момент речи. Указательные слова Tomorrow, next…, soon, in a minute Образование. + J will V… He will do - J will not V …. He won't do ? Will J V…? Will he do? W? will J V…? Who will V…? |
| CONTINUOUS / PROGRESSIVE | Значение В данный момент, сейчас, в момент речи. Указательные слова Now, at the moment, Look! Listen! Образование + J am ( is, are) V-ing… I am doing He (she, it) is doing We (you, they) are going - J am (is, are) not V-ing… I'm not doing He (she, it) isn't doing We (you, they) aren’t going ? Am (is, are) J V-ing…? Am I doing? Is he (she, it) going? W? am (is, are) J V-ing…? Who is doing…? Глаголы не употребляющиеся в Continuous: to know, to remember, to forget, to understand, to see, to hear, to want, to wish, to love, to like, to hate, to prefer, to have, to depend, to consist of | Значение В определенный момент в прошлом. Указательные слова At this time yesterday, at 5 o'clock yesterday, from 5 till 6 yesterday, all day long yesterday, the whole evening yesterday, when … V-ed / V-2… , …while… Образованиe + J was (were) V-ing … I (she, he, it) was doing They (we, you) were going -J was (were) not V-ing… I (he, she, it) was not doing They (we, you) were not going ? Was (were) J V-ing…? Was I ( he, she, it) doing? Were they (we, you) we going? W? was (were) J V-ing…? Who was doing…? | Значение В определенный момент в будущем. Указательные слова At 5 o'clock tomorrow, from 5till 6 tomorrow, all day long tomorrow , the whole day tomorrow, when …V / V-s…, at this time tomorrow Образование +J will be V-ing … He will be going -J will not be V-ing … He won't be going ? Will J be V-ing…? Will he be going? W? will Jbe V-ing…? Who will be doing…? |
| PERFECT | Значениe Совершенное действие, связанное с настоящим, без указания на время, есть результат. Указательные слова Just, already, ever, never, recently, lately, today, this week, yet, it's the first time …, it's the best film… Образование + J have (has) V3 / V-ed… I (we, you, they) have played He (she, it) has done -J have (has) not V3 /V-ed… I (we, you, they) have not played He (she, it) has not done ? Have (has) J V3 / V-ed…? Have I (we, you, they) played? Has he (she, it) done? W? have (has) J V3 / V-ed…? Who has V3 / (V-ed) …? | Значениe Произошло до определенного момента в прошлом. Указательные слова By 5 o'clock yesterday, before, after, …just (already)…, …V2 / V-ed…, Образование + J had V3 / V-ed… I had played He had done -J had not V3 / V-ed … I hadn't played He hadn't done ? Had J V3 / V-ed…? Had I played ? Had he done? W? had J V3 / V-ed…? Who had J V3 / V-ed…? | Значениe Произойдет до определенного момента в будущем. Указательные слова By 5 o'clock tomorrow, … before ... V / V-s … Образование +J will have V3 / V-ed… He will have done -J will not have V3 / V-ed… He won't have done ? Will J have V3 /V-ed…? Will he have done? W? will J have V3 /V-ed…? Who will J have V3 /V-ed…? |
| Значение Началось в прошлом и все еще продолжается в настоящем времени или закончилось непосредственно перед настоящим моментом. Указательные слова For 5 years (10 minutes), since childhood, for a long time, how long …?, still. Образование +J have (has) been V-ing… I ( you, we, they) have been doing He (she, it) has been doing -Jhave (has) not been V-ing… I (we, you, they) have not been doing He (she, it) has not been doing ? Have (has) J been V-ing…? Have I (we, you, they) been doing? Has he (she, it) been doing? W? have (has) J been V-ing…? Who has been doing…? | Значение Началось ранее другого действия в прошлом и продолжается в момент его наступления. Указательные слова … for …, when …V2 … Образование +J had been V-ing … I had been doing He had been doing -Jhad not been V-ing … I hadn't been doing He hadn't been doing ? Had J been V-ing …? Had I been doing? Had he been doing? W? had J been V-ing …? Who had J been V-ing …? | Значение Начнется ранее другого действия в будущем и будет продолжаться в момент его наступления. Указательные слова … for …, when …V (V-s) … Образование +J will have been V-ing… He will have been doing -J will not have been V-ing… He won't have been doing ? Will J been V-ing…? Will he have been doing? W? will J been V-ing…? Who will J been V-ing…? |
J - подлежащие
PASSIVE VOICE
| PRESENT | PAST | FUTURE | |
| INDEFINITE | Указательные слова. Usually, often, seldom, every day (week, month, year), sometimes, always, on Monday, in the morning (evening), twice a week Образование + J am ( is, are) V3/V-ed….I am asked He (she, it) is asked We (you, they) are asked - J am (is, are) not V3/V-ed… ? Am (is, are) J… V3/V-ed…? Who is V3/V-ed …? | Указательные слова. Yesterday, …ago, last…, in1945, …when I was a child Образование + J was (were) V3/V-ed …I (he, she, it) wasasked We (you, they) were asked - J was (were) not V3/V-ed… ? Was (were) J V3/V-ed …? Who was V3/V-ed …? | Указательные слова. Tomorrow, next…, soon, in a minute Образование. + J shall (will) be V3/V-ed … He will be asked - J will not be V3/V-ed …. ? Will J be V3/V-ed …? Who will be V3/V-ed …? |
| CONTINUOUS | Указательные слова Now, at the moment, Look! Listen! Образование. + J am ( is, are) being V3/V-ed … I am being asked He (she, it) being asked . We (you, they) being asked - J am (is, are) not being V3/V-ed … ? Am (is, are) being V3/V-ed …? Who is being V3/V-ed …? | Указательные слова At this time yesterday, at 5 o'clock yesterday, from 5 till 6 yesterday, all day long yesterday, the whole evening yesterday, when … V-ed / V-2… , …while… Образование. + J was (were) being V3/V-ed … I (she, he, it) was being asked They (we, you) were being asked-J was (were) not being V3/V-ed … ? Was (were) J being V3/V-ed …? Who was being V3/V-ed …? | Указательные слова At 5 o'clock tomorrow, from 5till 6 tomorrow, all day long tomorrow , the whole day tomorrow, when …V / V-s…, at this time tomorrow Вместо отсутствующей формы FUTURE CONTINUOUS употребляется форма FUTURE SIMPLE |
| PERFECT | Указательные слова. Just, already, ever, never,, recently, lately, today, this week, yet, it's the first time …, it's the best film… Образование. + J have (has) been V3 / V-ed… I (we, you, they) have been asked He (she, it) has been asked -J have (has) not been V3 /V-ed… ? Have (has) J been V3 / V-ed…? Who has been V3 / (V-ed) …? | Указательные слова. By 5 o'clock yesterday, before, after, …just (already)…, …V2 / V-ed…, Образование. + J had been V3 / V-ed…I had been asked He had asked -Jhad not been V3 / V-ed … ? Had J been V3 / V-ed…? | Указательные слова. By 5 o'clock tomorrow, … before ... V / V-s … Образование. +J will have beenV3 / V-ed… I (we) shall have been asked . He (she, it, you, they) will have been asked -J will not have been V3 / V-ed… ? Will J have been V3 /V-ed…? |
Таблица неправильных глаголов
| Present | Past | Past participle | значение |
| be | was/were | been | быть |
| beat | beat | beaten | бить |
| become | became | become | сделаться, стать |
| begin | began | begun | начинать (ся) |
| blow | blew | blown | дуть, цвести |
| break | broke | broken | ломать (ся) |
| bring | brought | brought | приносить |
| build | built | built | строить |
| burn | burnt | burnt | гореть, жечь |
| buy | bought | bought | покупать |
| catch | caught | caught | ловить, хватать |
| choose | chose | chosen | выбирать |
| come | came | come | приходить |
| cost | cost | cost | стоить |
| cut | cut | cut | резать |
| do | did | done | делать |
| draw | drew | drawn | рисовать |
| drink | drank | drunk | пить |
| drive | drove | driven | вести, гнать |
| eat | ate | eaten | есть, кушать |
| fall | fell | fallen | падать |
| feed | fed | fed | кормить |
| feel | felt | felt | чувствовать |
| fight | fought | fought | бороться, сражаться |
| find | found | found | находить |
| fly | flew | flown | летать |
| forget | forgot | forgotten | забывать |
| forgive | forgave | forgiven | прощать |
| freeze | froze | frozen | замораживать |
| get | got | got | получать, достигать |
| give | gave | given | давать |
| go | went | gone | идти, ходить |
| grow | grew | grown | расти, становиться |
| hang | hung | hung | вешать, висеть |
| have(has) | had | had | иметь |
| hear | heard | heard | слышать |
| hide | hid | hidden | прятать |
| hit | hit | hit | поражать, попадать |
| hold | held | held | держать |
| hurt | hurt | hurt | причинить боль |
| keep | kept | kept | хранить |
| know | knew | known | знать |
| lay | laid | laid | класть |
| lead | led | led | вести |
| leave | left | left | оставлять, покидать |
| lend | lent | lent | одалживать |
| let | let | let | позволять, пускать |
| lie | lay | lain | лежать |
| light | lit | lit | освещать |
| lose | lost | lost | терять |
| make | made | made | делать |
| mean | meant | meant | значить |
| meet | met | met | встречать |
| pay | paid | paid | платить |
| put | put | put | класть |
| read | read | read | читать |
| retell | retold | retold | пересказывать |
| ride | rode | ridden | ездить верхом |
| ring | rang | rung | звонить |
| rise | rose | risen | подниматься |
| run | ran | run | бежать |
| say | said | said | сказать |
| see | saw | seen | видеть |
| sell | sold | sold | продавать |
| send | sent | sent | посылать |
| set | set | set | помещать |
| sew | sewed | sewn/sewed | шить |
| shake | shook | shaken | трясти |
| shine | shone | shone | сиять, блестеть |
| shoot | shot | shot | стрелять |
| show | showed | shown | показывать |
| shut | shut | shut | закрывать |
| sing | sang | sung | петь |
| sit | sat | sat | сидеть |
| sleep | slept | slept | спать |
| speak | spoke | spoken | говорить |
| spell | spelt | spelt | произносить по буквам |
| spend | spent | spent | тратить |
| spread | spread | spread | распространять |
| stand | stood | stood | стоять |
| stick | stuck | stuck | втыкать |
| strike | struck | struck | ударять |
| sweep | swept | swept | мести |
| swim | swam | swum | плавать |
| take | took | taken | брать |
| teach | taught | taught | обучать, учить |
| tear | tore | torn | рвать |
| tell | told | told | сказать |
| think | thought | thought | думать |
| throw | threw | thrown | бросать |
| understand | understood | understood | понимать |
| wake | woke | woken | просыпаться |
| wear | wore | worn | носить (одежду) |
| weep | wept | wept | плакать |
| win | won | won | выигрывать |
| write | wrote | written | писать |