Exercise 3.Write the words in the correct group.
Key words
heritage -спадщина
talking -розмови
tolerant –толерантний
enchanting-чарівний
bagpipes -волинка
celebrated -відзначається
edge -край
separate -відділяти
Cymraeg-Валлійська мова
lasted -тривати
peace process –мирнийпроцес
brought both sides –привестиобидвісторони
assembly –асамблея
Giant’s Causeway –«Дорога Гігантів»
exported -поширені
The United Kingdom is actually made up of four different countries; England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Each nation has its own culture and heritage. The population of England is around fifty million people. The English are known for drinking tea, The Queen and talking about the weather. But what are we really like?
Priest: The English are a tolerant people.
Woman 1 : They’re just enchanting.
Woman 2: The English people are very nice.
Woman 3: They’re so polite and so friendly.
Scotland is in the North of Britain. Just over five million people live there. It’s been part of the UK since 1707. Edinburgh is the capital city and home to the Scottish Parliament. The Parliament building is a work of art in itself! Scotland has some unique customs: wearing tartan kilts … playing the bagpipes … and tossing the caber, a very large post. For over sixty years, the Edinburgh Festival has celebrated art, theatre and culture.
Wales is on the Western edge of Britain. It also used to be a separate country but has been part of the UK for over four hundred years. Nearly three million people live in Wales. One of its symbols is a red dragon, found on the national flag. The Welsh parliament is in the capital city, Cardiff. The Welsh are proud to have their language and twenty per cent of the people speak Cymraeg. Most signs are in English and Welsh.
Northern Ireland is also part of the United Kingdom. The country is home to just under two million people. The capital is Belfast and for many years, Northern Ireland was a place of conflict. This beautiful country was considered a dangerous place to visit. The troubles lasted until recent years when the peace process brought both sidestogether. Now, both sides share power in the Northern Ireland assembly. The flag most often used for Northern Ireland shows the red hand - a symbol with a long history in this part of Ireland and a crown which shows links to the rest of the UK. The culture in Northern Ireland is rich in myth and legend. One story says that the rocks forming the Giant’s Causeway were thrown there by an Irish giant during a fight with a Scottish giant.
Irish dancing is popular in Northern and Southern Ireland and has been exported around the world.
Irish Dancer says: “Irish dancing is special because you have to have good posture, arms by your side and crossed feet. I love Irish dancing because it’s great exercise and a lot of fun”.
The four countries of the UK have different traditions. But those differences are also strengths
and make the UK what it is today.
Exercise 1. Complete the grid.
| COUNTRY | ENGLAND | SCOTLAND | WALES | NOTHERN IRELAND |
| NUMBER OF INHABITANTS | ||||
| CAPITAL CITY |
Exercise 2. Сomplete the gaps with a word from the box.
| three million fifty million sixty twenty two million five million |
1. Just over _______________ people live in Scotland.
2. Nearly _______________ people live in Wales.
3. Northern Ireland is home to just under _______________ people.
4. The population of England is around _______________ people.
5. The Edinburgh Festival has celebrated art, theatre and culture for over _______________ years.
6. About _______________ per cent of Welsh people speak Cymraeg.
Exercise 3.Write the words in the correct group.
| London Cardiff bagpipes Edinburgh Belfast talking about the weather peace process Cymraeg tea kilts dancing Giant’s Causeway |
| ENGLAND | SCOTLAND |
| WALES | NORTHERN IRELAND |
Exercise 4. Study the map of the UK and mark in different colours the parts of the United Kingdom with capitals.
CULTURAL CORNER
| England – this name comes from Engla Land meaning the land of Angles. Angles were people who came from continental Germany in the 5th century and invaded England together with Saxons and Jute. The flag of England is white with a red cross – St.George´s Cross. (saint of England) | 
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| The national flower of England is the red rose. It symbolises the end of the Wars of the Roses. | 
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| The "Three Lions" is the unofficial crest of England and was first used by Richard the Lionheart. The oak is the national tree of England. | 
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| The oak is the national tree of England. | 
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| The Scottish flag is blue with a white cross – St Andrew´s Cross (the saint of Scotland) | 
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| The traditional garment of men and boys in Scotland, made with material in Scottish checkered pattern | 
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| The Royal Standard of Scotland, also known as the Banner of the King of Scots or more commonly the Lion Rampant of Scotland is the Scottish Royal Banner of Arms. | 
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| The national flower of the Scots is the purple thistle. | 
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| In 1959, the Queen made the Red Dragon on green and white, the official Welsh flag. | 
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| The leek is a vegetable, Welshmen wore it in battles. The daffodil is a yellow spring flower. | 
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| St. David is a patron saint of Wales, his flag with a yellow cross on black background is a symbol of Wales too. | 
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| The Cross of St Patrick, (St Patrick's Saltire) patron saint of Ireland, is a red saltire on a white field. | 
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| The Red Hand of Ulster is the official seal of the O'Neill family. Today it is the official Arms of Northern Ireland. | 
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| St. Patrick, the patron saint of Ireland illustrated the Holy Trinity with a shamrock | 
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| The National Flag of Ireland Republic | 
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United Kingdom flag:
The flag of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is sometimes called the Union Jack.
This red, white, and blue flag was first used in 1801.
The flag of the UK is a combination of the flags of England (the cross of St. George), Scotland (the cross of St. Andrew), and Ireland (the cross of St. Patrick).
UK Currency:
UK currency is known as BRITISH STERLING. Under this system 100 pence is equal to one pound. The symbol used for pounds is:£ or is sometimes shown as GBP (Great Britain Pounds) and the symbol used for pence is: p.So two pound forty pence would be written: £2.40 or GBP 2.40
Coins: 1 peny, 2 pence, 5 pence, 10 pence, 50 pence, 1 pound, 2 pounds. All coins carry the Queens head on the front.
Great Britain Pounds equals to 32.60 UAH
SPEAKING TASK.
What does impress you most?
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Would you like to go to the Northern Ireland ?
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Where would you like to go? Why?
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INFINITIVE — Інфінітив це неособова форма дієслова, яка тільки називає дію і відповідає на запитання що робити?, що зробити?: to write - писати, to answer - відповідати. Ознакою інфінітива в англійській мові є частка to, але в багатьох випадках інфінітив вживається без неї. Частка not перед інфінітивом вказує на заперечну форму.
They don't want to work with us. - Bони не хочуть з нами працювати.
ВЖИВАННЯ ІНФІНІТИВА З ЧАСТКОЮ TO:
1. ІНФІНІТИВ ЧИ ІНФІНІТИВНА ГРУПА МОЖЕ ВЖИВАТИСЯ В РЕЧЕННІ В РОЛІ ПІДМЕТА:
То know him is to trust him. - Знати його – значить довіряти йому.
То beready you should come earlier. – Щоб бути готовим, тобі потрібно прити раніше
2. ІНФІНІТИВ ВЖИВАЄТЬСЯ В РОЛІ ЧАСТИНИ ДІЄСЛІВНОГО СКЛАДЕНОГО ПРИСУДКА:
Ø З модальними дієсловами:
We must stay at home. - Ми повинні залишатися вдома.
Something had to be done. - Щось треба було зробити.
What are we to do? - Що ми маємо робити?
І shall not be able to sleep tonight. - Я не зможу спати цієї ночі.
Ø 3. З дієсловами, що мають модальне значення (тобто вживаються у сполученні з інфінітивом іншого дієслова): to want - хотіти; to wish -бажати; to intend - мати намір; to try - намагатися; to expect -сподіватисяto hope - надіятися та ін.:
I want to paint. - Я хочу малювати.
He tried to see the men. -Він намагався побачити цих людей.
Ø З дієсловами, що означають початок або продовження дії: to begin, to start, to continue:
She began to talk. - Вона почала говорити.
Ø Інфінітив вживається у функції обставини мети:
І have come here to meet her. - Я прийшов сюди, щоб зустріти її.
То earn a living, he became a salesman. Щоб заробити на прожиття, він став продавцем.
Ø Після слів the first, the second, the last…
They were the first to leave. – Вони пішли першими.
Нe was the last to arrive. – Він приїхав останнім.
ІНФІНІТИВ БЕЗ ЧАСТКИ «TO»:
1. З модальними дієсловами (can(’t), could(n’t), must(n’t), should(n’t), needn’t) інфінітив вживається без частки «TO»
She can do it.- Вона може це зробити. (ПОМИЛКА: She can TO do it)
You must listen to me attentively.- Ти маєш слухати мене уважно. (ПОМИЛКА: You must TO listen to me attentively)
2. Після фраз had better… would rather…..
You had better stay at home. You look terribly bad.- Тобі краще залишитись вдома. Ти виглядаеш погано.
I would rather come to you than go to the club for the whole night.- Я б краще прийшов до тебе, ніж піти до клубу на цілу ніч.
3. Якщо в реченні є дієслова LET та MAKE (MADE)
I won’t let you do this! – я не дозволю тобі зробити це.
Can you make him stay? – Ти можем змусити залишитись його?
Exercise 1. Fill in “to” where it is necessary:
1. I can _____ help you with this exercise.
2. He likes _____ play)volley-ball after school.
3. Helen made me _____ laugh a lot with her funny stories.
4. You’d better _____ see this film yourself. It’s very interesting.
5. I want _____ take part in this competition.
6. We expect Nick ______ arrive on Monday morning.
7. ______ work in the garden was a pleasure.
8. It may _____ snow in the morning.
9. I’m happy _____ hear that you have passed your exam.
10. You had better ______ go there right now.
11. Ann said she would rather _____ visit Paris than Liverpool.
12. I know that you can ______ speak three languages.
13. I let my sister ______ invite all her friends.
14. I intend ______ talk to her about it.
15. Ask your friend _____ help you with this problem.
16. He began ______ go in for football last year.
17. I went to the conference _____ listen to my friend’s report.
18. Your duty is _____ feed the parrot regularly.
19. She asked me _____call Andrew immediately.
20. Mike wants _____ install the new equipment.
21. We like ______ have tea with sandwiches.
22. Our plan is _____ visit Rome and Paris.
23. I’m really upset _____ hear this news.
24. Tom asked me _____ choose the book for his sister.
25. Pam wanted me _____ come there early in the morning.
26. I would rather _____ stay at home in such a bad weather
27. I watched my little son _____ play in the yard.
28. _____ swim is such a pleasure.