Active Infinitive и Passive Infinitive
To write — to be written
I am glad to helpyou. — Рад помочь. (Рад, что я помогаю).
Iam glad to be helped.— Рад, что мне помогают.
Упражнение 368
Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на Active Infinitive и Passive Infinitive.
1. То play chess was his greatest pleasure. 2. The child did not like to be washed. 3. Isn't it natural that we like to be praised and don't like to be scolded? 4. Which is more pleasant: to give or to be given presents? 5. Nature has many secrets to be discovered yet. 6. To improve your pronunciation you should record yourself and analyse your speech. 7. This is the book to be read during the summer
300 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ
Инфинитив
holidays. 8. То be instructed by such a good specialist was a great advantage. 9. He is very forgetful, but he doesn't like to be reminded of his duties.
Сравните употребление
Indefinite Infinitive и Perfect Infinitive
To write — to have written
Iam glad to seeyou. — Рад видеть вас. (Рад, что вижу вас.)
I am glad to have seenyou. — Рад, что повидал вас.
| Формы инфинитива | ||
| Active | Passive | |
| Indefinite (Simple) | to write | to be written |
| Continuous | to be writing | |
| Perfect | to have written | to have been written |
| Perfect Continuous | to have been writing |
Упражнение 369
Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на Perfect Infinitive.
1. The child was happy to have been brought home. 2. Jane remembered to have been told a lot about Mr. Rochester. 3. The children were delighted to have been brought to the circus. 4. I am sorry to have spoilt your mood. 5. Maggie was very sorry to have forgotten to feed the rabbits. 6. I am awfully glad to have met you. 7. Sorry to have placed you in this disagreeable situation. 8. I am very happy to have had the pleasure of making your acquaintance. 9. I am sorry to have kept you waiting. 10. Clyde was awfully glad to have renewed his acquaintance with Sondra. 11. Sorry not to have noticed you. 12. I am sorry to have added some more trouble by what I have told you. 13. When Clyde looked at the girl closely, he remembered to have seen her in Sondra's company. 14. I remembered to have been moved1 by the scene I witnessed.
1 moved — зд. растроган
| Что значат эти формы? Рассмотрите предложения, иллюстрирующие значение разных форм инфинитива | |||
| Чему я рад? | |||
| .2 О | Indefinite (Simple) | 1 am glad to speak to you. | Рад поговорить с вами. (Всегда радуюсь, когда говорю с вами.) |
| Continuous | 1 am glad to be speaking to you. | Рад, что сейчас разговариваю с вами. | |
| Perfect | 1 am glad to have spoken to you. | Рад, что поговорил с вами. | |
| Perfect Continuous | 1 am glad to have been speaking to you. | Рад, что уже давно (все это время) разговариваю с вами. | |
| со со | Indefinite (Simple) | 1 am (always) glad to be told the news. | Всегда рад, когда мне рассказывают новости. |
| Perfect | 1 am glad to have been told the news. | Рад, что мне рассказали новости. |
302 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ
Инфинитив
Упражнение 370
Замените выделенные части предложений инфинитивными оборотами.
• E.g. He is sorry that he has said it. He is sorry to have said it.
1. It is certain that it will rain if you don't take your umbrella. 2. Don't promise that you will do it, if you are not sure that you can. 3. He was happy that he was praised by everybody. 4. He was very proud that he had helped his elder brother. 5. She was sorry that she had missed the beginning of the concert. 6. I am glad that I see all my friends here.
7. I was afraid of going past that place alone.
8. My sister will be thrilled when she is wearing a dress as lovely as that. 9. We must wait till we hear the exam results. 10. She is happy that she has found such a nice place to live in. 11. I should be delighted if I could join you. 12. He hopes that he will know everything by tomorrow.
Упражнение 371
Раскройте скобки, употребляя требующуюся форму инфинитива.
1. Не seems (to read) a lot. 2. Не seems (to read) now. 3. He seems (to read) since morning. 4. He seems (to read) all the books in the library. 5. I want (to take) you to the concert. 6. I want (to take) to the concert by my father. 7. She hoped (to help) her friends. 8. She hoped (to help) by her friends. 9. I hope (to see) you soon. 10. We expect (to be) back in two days. 11. He expected (to help) by the teacher. 12. The children seem (to play) since morn-
ing. 13. I am glad (to do) all the homework yesterday. 14. She seems (to work) at this problem ever since she came here. 15. I am sorry (to break) your pen.
Упражнение 372
Раскройте скобки, употребляя требующуюся форму инфинитива.
1. I hate (to bother) you, but the students are still waiting (to give) books for their work. 2. He seized every opportunity (to appear) in public: he was so anxious (to talk) about. 3. Is there anything else (to tell) her? I believe she deserves (to know) the state of her sick brother. 4. He began writing books not because he wanted (to earn) a living. He wanted (to read) and not (to forget). 5. I consider myself lucky (to be) to that famous exhibition and (to see) so many wonderful paintings. 6. He seems (to know) French very well: he is said (to spend) his youth in Paris. 7. The enemy army was reported (to overthrow) the defence lines and (to advance) towards the suburbs of the city. 8. The woman pretended (to read) and (not to hear) the bell. 9. You seem (to look) for trouble. 10. It seemed (to snow) heavily since early morning: the ground was covered with a deep layer of snow. 11. They seemed (to quarrel): I could hear angry voices from behind the door. 12. They are supposed (to work) at the problem for the last two months. 13. The only sound (to hear) was the snoring of grandfather in the bedroom. 14. Her ring was believed (to lose) until she happened (to find) it during the general cleaning. It turned out (to drop) between the sofa and the wall. 15. They seemed (to wait) for ages.
304 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ
Упражнение 373
Переведите на английский язык, употребляя требующуюся форму инфинитива.
1. Я рад, что рассказал вам эту историю. 2. Я рад, что мне рассказали эту историю. 3. Я хочу познакомить вас с этой артисткой. 4. Я хочу, чтобы меня познакомили с этой артисткой. 5. Я рад, что встретил ее на станции. 6. Я рад, что меня встретили на станции. 7. Мы очень счастливы, что пригласили его на вечер. 8. Мы очень счастливы, что нас пригласили на вечер. 9. Он будет счастлив посетить эту знаменитую картинную галерею. 10. Он был счастлив, что посетил эту знаменитую картинную галерею. 11. Дети любят, когда им рассказывают сказки. 12. Я не предполагал останавливаться на этой станции. 13. Я не ожидал, что меня остановят. 14. Я сожалею, что причинил вам столько беспокойства. 15. Он не выносит1, когда ему лгут. 16. Я вспомнил, что уже встречал это слово в какой-то книге. 17. Мне очень жаль, что я пропустил эту интересную лекцию. 18. Она счастлива, что слышала концерт известного итальян-ского дирижера. 19. Она рада, что присутствовала на лекции. 20. Он очень доволен, что закончил свою книгу. 21. Наши спортсмены гордятся тем, что выиграли кубок. 22. Я только хочу, чтобы мне позволили помочь вам. 23. Я был благодарен, что мне дали комнату с большим окном. 24. Он был счастлив, что вернулся домой. 25. Он был счастлив, что снова дома. 26. Я сожалею, что прервал вас. 27. Я сожалею, что не застала вас дома. 28. Джейн была счастлива, что уезжает от миссис Рид. 29. Рочес-тер был рад познакомиться с Джейн. 30. Рочес-тер был рад, что познакомился с Джейн.
1 не выносит — hates
ПРИЧАСТИЕ
She watched the children writing the dictation. Writing the dictation, he made only one mistake. The dictation written the day before was corrected.
Упражнение 374
Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на причастия.
1.Everybody looked at the dancing girl. 2. The little plump woman standing at the window is my grandmother. 3. The man playing the piano is Kate's uncle. 4. Entering the room, she turned on the light. 5. Coming to the theatre, she saw that the performance had already begun. 6. Looking out of the window, he saw his mother watering the flowers.
7. Hearing the sounds of music, we stopped talking.
8. She went into the room, leaving the door open.
9. Working at his desk, he listened to a new CD.
10. Running into the road, the young man stopped
a taxi. 11. Looking through the newspaper, she no
ticed a photograph of her boss. 12. Using chemi
cals, the firemen soon put out the fire in the forest.
306 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ
Причастие
Упражнение 375
Замените придаточные определительные предложения причастными оборотами.
All the people who live in this houseare students. 2. The woman who is speaking nowis our secretary. 3. The apparatus that stands on the table in the corner of the laboratoryis quite new. 4.The young man who helps the professor in his experimentsstudies at our university. 5.People who borrow books from the librarymust return them in time. 6. There are many pupils in our class who take part in all kinds of extracurricular activities.
Упражнение 376
Замените придаточные предложения причины причастными оборотами.
1.As he now felt more atease, the man spoke in a louder voice. 2. Since he knew who the man was,Robert was very pleased to have the chance of talking to him. 3.As he thought that it was his brother at the window,Steve decided to open it. 4.As the people were afraid of falling into a ditch in the darkness at any moment,they felt their way about very carefully. 5. Since he needed a shelter for the night,Peter decided to go to the neighbours' house.
Упражнение 377
Замените придаточные предложения времени причастными оборотами (не опускайте союз when).