Future Perfect and Future Perfect Continuous

1. We use the Future Perfect (will have done) to talk about something that will be completed by (not later than) a certain time in the future.

When we use this structure, we think of a future time and look back from that future time to say that something will be complete.

I'll have finished dinner by 8.00.

"I'll phone you at 11.00." "No, I'll have gone to bed by

then. Can you phone earlier?"

I'll have worked here for a year next September.

Next year is Ted and Amy's 25th wedding anniversary.

They will have been married for 25 years. I

We're late. I expect the film will have already started by

the time we get to the cinema.

2. The Future Perfect Continuous (will have been doing) describes a continuous action (very often one which is already in progress) which will finish by a certain point in the future:

In ten minutes we'll have been waiting for this bus for exactly an hour!

Amer will have been studying English for ten months by the time he goes back to Syria in October.

Self check

I. Use either the Future Perfect or the Future Perfect Continuous.

1. By the time I get up tomorrow morning, the sun already (rise). 2. He's never going to stop talking. In 15 more minutes, we (listen) to his lecture for three solid hours. I don't even know what he's saying anymore. 3. This is a long trip! By the time we get to Miami, we (ride) on this bus for over 15 hours. 4. What? You're smoking another cigarette? At this rate you (smoke) a whole pack before lunchtime. Don't you think you should cut down a little? 5. This is the longest flight I have ever taken. By the time we get to New Zealand, we (fly) for 13 hours. I'm going to be exhausted. 6. Douglas has been putting some money away every month to prepare for his trip to South America next year. By the end of this year, he (save) enough. It looks like he's going to make it. 7. Can you believe? According to our grammar teacher, by the end of this semester she (teach) more than 3,000 students from 42 different countries. She has been teaching for nearly 20 years — and she still loves it! 8. This traffic is terrible. We're going to be late. By the time we (get) to the airport, Bob's plane already (arrive), and he'll be wondering where we are. 9. This morning I came to class at 9.00. Right now it is 10.00, and I am still in class. I have been sitting at this desk for an hour. By 11.00,1 (sit) here for two hours. 10.1 don't understand how these marathon runners do it! The race began over an hour ago. By the time they reach the finish line, they (run) steadily for more than two hours. I don't think I can run more than two minutes! 11. What? He got married again? At this rate, he (have) a dozen wives by the time he dies. 12. We have been married for a long time. By our next anniversary, we (be) married for 43 years. 13. I hope they (repair) this road by the time we come back next summer. 14. By the end of next week my wife (do) her spring cleaning and we'll be able to relax again. 15. By this time tomorrow we (have) our injections. 16. By the end of next year I (work) for him for 45 years. 17. He's only 35 but he's started losing his hair already. He (lose) all by the time he's 50. 18. In two months' time he

(finish) his preliminary training and will be starting work. 19. I'll be back again at the end of next month. — I hope I (pass) my driving test by then. If I have, I'll meet your train. 20. When Professor Jones retires next month, he (teach) for 45 years. 21.1 will go to bed at 10 p.m. He will get home at midnight. I (sleep) for two hours by the time he gets home.

When and If sentences (When I dо../if I do...)

1 .We use the present tense (usually the simple present) to refer to the future in clauses of time and condition after when, while, as soon as, after, before, until/till, if, unless, provided/providing (that).

I'll buy a newspaper when I go out.

We won't go out until it stops raining.

We'll go to the beach if the weather is nice.

I'll go to the party provided you go too.

Before you leave you must visit the museum.

Can you look after the children while I am out?

I'll buy a new car as soon as I have enough money.

The door will not open unless you push it hard.

I'll lend you the money providing that you pay me back

tomorrow.

If he is sleeping when I come, I won't wake him up.

2. You can also use the Present Perfect (I have done) after when/ after/until etc. to show that the first action will be finished before the second.

When I've read this book, you can have it.

Don't say anything while Tom is here. Wait here until he

has gone.

It is often possible to use the Simple Present or Present Perfect.

Self check

I, Put the verbs into the correct tense forms.

1. If you drop that bottle, it (break) 2. He (not write) to you unless you (write) to him. 3. You (understand) when you (be) older. 4.1 (believe) it when I (see) it. 5. You (be) able to drive after you (have) another five lessons. 6. Unless he (run), he (not catch) the train. 7. He (lend) it to you if you (ask) him. 8. If petrol pump attendants (go) on strike we (not have) any petrol. 9. He (be) offended if you (not invite) him. 10. She (have) $ 6000 a year when she (be) twenty. 11. If you (leave) your roller skates on the path someone (fall) over them. If they (fall) over them and hurt themselves they (sue) you. 12. What your father (say) when he (hear) about this accident? — He (not say) much but he (not lend) me the car again. 13. You've been a good child, and when we (get) home I (give) you a sweet. 14. My father (be) furious when he (see) what you have done. 15. As soon as I (hear) from him, I (let) you know. 16. The lift (not start) until you (press) that button. 17.1 (stay) in bed till the clock (strike) seven. 18. As soon as the holidays (begin) this beach (become) very crowded. 19. Don't count on a salary increase before you actually (get) it. 20.1 (pay) you when I (get) my cheque. 21. If it (rain) this evening I (not go) out. 22. Before Tom (go) to bed, he always (brush) his teeth. 23. Before Tom (go) to bed later tonight, he (write) a letter to his girlfriend. 24. After I (get) home from school every afternoon, I (drink) a cup of tea. 25. Janet (meet) me at the airport when my train (arrive) tomorrow. 26. When I (be) in New York next week, I (stay) at the Park Plaza Hotel. 27. Cindy and I (go) to the beach tomorrow if the weather (be) warm and sunny. 28. Jack (watch) a football game on TV right now. As soon as the game (be) over, he (cut) the grass in the back yard. 29. As soon as I (get) home every day, my children always (run) to the door to meet me. 30.1 (go) to New York often. When I (be) in New York, I usually (see) a Broadway play. 31. If I (not study) tonight, I (not pass) my chemistry exam. 32.1 think he (get) the job. I (be) surprised if he (not get) it. 33.1 hope to be there by 10.30. But if I (not be) there, don't wait for me. 34. We (not start) dinner until Jack (arrive). 35. Please don't touch anything before the police (come). 36. You (be) lonely without me while I (be) away? 37. Before you

(leave), don't forget to shut the windows. 38. Everyone (be) surprised if he (pass) the examination. 39. If I (need) any help, I (ask) you. 40. Come on! Hurry up! Ann (be) annoyed if we (be) late. 41. After I (do) the shopping, I (come) straight back home. 42. I'm going to watch a TV program at nine. Before I (watch) that program, I (write) a letter to my parents. 43. I'm going to eat lunch at 12.30. After I (eat), I probably (take) a nap. 44. I'm sure it will stop raining soon. As soon as the rain (stop), I (walk) to the drugstore to get some film. 45. Tomorrow I'm going to leave for home. When I (arrive) at the airport, my whole family (wait) for me. 46. When I (get) up tomorrow morning, the sun (shine), the birds (sing), and my roommate still (lie) in bed fast asleep. 47. How can I get in touch with you while you (be) out of town? — I (stay) at the Pilgrim Hotel. You can reach me there. 48. After Ali (return) to his country next month, he (start) working at the Ministry of Agriculture. 49. Relax. The plumber is on his way. He (be) here before there (be) a flood in the kitchen. Let's jusi keep mopping up the water the best we can.

50. A: How long you (stay) in this country?

B: I (plan) to be here for about one more year. I (hope) to

graduate a year from this June. A: What you (do) after you (leave)? B: I (return) home and (get) a job. How about you? A: I (be) here for at least two more years before I (return)

home and (get) a job.

51. Heat the oil till it (begin) to smoke. 52. You drive first, and when you (be) tired, I (take) over. 53. We (send) you the goods as soon as we (receive) your cheque. 54 .The plane (not take off) til! the fog (lift). 55. When you (do) the bedrooms, remember to sweep under the beds. 56. He (save) £500 a year. By the time he (retire) he (save) £20,000. 57. When you (read) the book, leave it in the hospital for someone else to read.

II. Translate from Russian into English.

1. Как только я приеду в Лондон, я напишу тебе письмо. 2. Если погода будет хорошая, мы сможем сходить в лес за грибами. 3. Если ты поедешь на юг, то закажи билет туда и обратно. 4. Если он будет спать, когда я приду, я разбужу его. 5. Я пойду прогуляться прежде, чем лягу спать. 6. Я про-

смотрю газеты после того, как мы поужинаем. 7. Пока я буду убирать квартиру, ты будешь готовить обед. 8. Я приду, если не заболею. 9. Я не знаю, придет ли Нина. 10. Он будет нака­зан, если не сдержит свое обещание. 11. Как только ты сдашь экзамены, мы поедем на юг. 12. Интересно, примет ли он участие в экспедиции. 13. Что ты будешь делать, если никто тебя не встретит? — Я оставлю вещи в камере хранения и поеду на автобусе. 14. Мы обсудим этот вопрос после того, как вернется директор. 15. Присмотри за моим сыном, пока я не вернусь. 16. Мы поедем на рыбалку в субботу, если не будет дождя. 17. Я зайду за тобой, как только освобожусь. 18. Она не знает, когда приедет ее брат. 19. Давай зайдем в кафе после того, как закончится собрание. 20. Если он по­звонит мне сегодня, я попрошу его заказать билеты на само­лет. 21. Прежде чем я уеду, я поговорю с управляющим. 22. Я останусь здесь, пока не улажу все дела. 23. Если Петр опо­здает, нам придется его подождать. 24. Когда вы увидите г-на Смита, попросите его позвонить мне. 25. Если ты останешь­ся еще на три дня, я смогу показать тебе достопримечатель­ности города. 26. До того как я уеду, мне нужно купить по­дарки для друзей. 27. Если я не успею на поезд, то я проведу ночь в гостинице. 28. Я приду, как только сделаю домашнее задание. 29. Ты не знаешь, когда он вернется? —Когда он вернется, я скажу тебе. 30. Я куплю ему подарок, если не потрачу все деньги на книги. 31. Когда у тебя следующее занятие по немецкому языку? — В среду. — Ты собираешь­ся на нем присутствовать? — Нет, в среду утром я уезжаю в командировку в Лондон. — Сколько времени ты там пробу­дешь? — Около двух недель. Я очень сожалею, что мне при­дется пропустить занятия по немецкому языку. 32. Давай пой­дем завтра в кино. В "Октябре" идет хороший детектив. — Ты сможешь купить билеты? — Да, конечно. Мы пойдем в кино днем или вечером?—Я бы предпочел вечерний сеанс. — Тогда я куплю билеты на восьмичасовой сеанс. Я позвоню тебе, когда куплю билеты. — Спасибо. — А что ты делаешь сегодня вечером? — Сегодня вечером я буду писать письма своим родственникам. А ты? — А я весь вечер буду смотреть телевизор. 33. Аня, ты не хочешь поиграть в теннис в суббо­ту утром? — Извини, я иду в парикмахерскую в субботу ут­ром. — А как насчет воскресенья? Почему бы нам не пока-

таться на велосипеде? — В воскресенье я буду готовиться к экзамену по физике. 34. Я завтра устраиваю вечернику. —-Сколько человек придет на вечеринку? — Около десяти. — Мне остаться и помочь тебе? — О, да, пожалуйста. Это очень любезно с твоей стороны. 35. Сколько времени вы женаты? — В будущем году исполнится десять лет, как я женат. 36. Сколь­ко времени вы работаете на этом заводе? — В мае исполнит­ся пять лет, как я здесь работаю. 37. Сколько времени вы знаете Смита? — В конце года исполнится пять лет, как мы знаем друг друга. 38. Сколько времени вы изучаете англий­ский язык? — В июле исполнится два года, как я его изучаю. 39. В котором часу отправляется самолет? — В 8 утра. — Сколько времени длится полет? — Около двух часов. — Ко­гда мы прибываем в Москву? — В 10 утра. 40. Куда ты едешь в отпуск? — Я еду в Брайтон. —Когда ты едешь? — 10 авгу­ста. — Ты едешь поездом? — Да. —Как долго ты там пробу­дешь? — Две недели. — Где ты остановишься? — В гости­нице. — Желаю тебе хорошего отдыха. 41. Ты собираешься остаться в школе в будущем году? — Нет, мне надоела шко­ла. — Что ты собираешься делать? — Я намерен поискать работу. — Какого рода работу? — Я собираюсь работать в банке. — Мне кажется, это скучная работа. — Я не согласен с тобой. 42. Что ты делаешь завтра утром? — Я буду делать уроки. — А что ты делаешь завтра днем? — Завтра днем я играю в футбол. Это очень важный матч. — Какая жалость! — Почему? — Завтра мы идем на ярмарку. Я хотел пригласить тебя пойти со мной. — К сожалению, я не смогу пойти. Спа­сибо за приглашение.

Fluency