Подчеркните модальные глаголы.
1. When Jim was 15, he could run 100 metres in 11 seconds.
2. It’s only natural that parents should worry about their children.
3. The new parking garage can house two thousand cars.
4. The traffic rules must be observed by everyone.
Задание № 10. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.
The Houses of Parliament
Near Westminster Abbey on the riverside the Palace of Westminster, known as the Houses of Parliament stands. These buildings were first built in the twelfth century and rebuilt in 1840 – 1867 and partly again after the Second World War.
Parliament consists of the House of Lords, where the lords sit, and the House of Commons, where the elected members of Parliament sit. The House of Lords is larger in membership – more than eight hundred, but the House of Commons has nearly all the power.
The six hundred and thirty elected members of the House of Commons meet in session in Parliament. The members sit on two sides of the hall, one side for the governing party and the other for the opposition. The Speaker is the chairman at all the debates in the House of Commons. Lord Chancellor presides over the Lords.
His seat is called Woolsack to show that wool made England rich and powerful.
People who visit the Houses of Parliament may sit in the Public Gallery, looking down into the House of Commons, and listen to the debates. The central entrance hall is usually busy with people coming and going to see the buildings, and others wanting to see their Members of Parliament (M.P.’s).
Sessions of Parliament begin in November and last for about one hundred and sixty days. The sittings usually begin at 10 a.m. and end in the late afternoon, but if Parliament is discussing an important question, sittings may go on until late at night. All the time Parliament is in session, a flag flies at the top of the Clock Tower, and when the House is still sitting after dark, there is a light over the face of Big Ben.
a riverside – берег реки
in session – на сессии (о парламенте)
Chancellor – канцлер
woolsack – мешок с шерстью
sitting – заседание
Westminster Abbey – Вестминстерское аббатство
Palace of Westminster – Вестминстерский дворец
Задание № 11. Перепишите вопросы к тексту и письменно ответьте на них.
1. When were the buildings of the Houses of Parliament first built?
2. What Houses does the British Parliament consist of?
3. Is the Speaker or Lord Chancellor the chairman at all the debates in the House of Commons?
4. Why is the Lord Chancellor’s seat called Woolsack?
5. What shows that the Parliament is in session?
Вариант № 4
Задание № 1. Перепишите и письменно переведите следующие предложения, подчеркните неопределенные местоимения.
1. I want some sugar to make jam.
2. Has anybody of them been to Scotland?
3. Nobody will smoke in the room.
4. The Metric System has some advantages over the English System.
Задание № 2. Выберите прилагательное в соответствующей степени сравнения. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. He is the (old, oldest, eldest) son of my father’s friend.
2. What is the (much, more, most) important invention in the twentieth century?
3. We have heard the (late, later, latest) news on the radio.
4. I am sure this coffee tastes (good, better, the best) than that one.
Задание № 3. Выберите нужную форму глагола to be. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. The news he told us (are, was, were) interesting.
2. The Metric System (is, was, will be) a system of measures and weight.
3. You (are, is, were) at home last night.
4. It (is, was, will be) cold next week.
Задание № 4. Вставьте there’s или it’s. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. … easy to understand the rule.
2. … often a rainbow after the rain.
3. … electricity in all the houses of the town.
4. … so warm in the flat.
Задание № 5. Перепишите предложения, переведите их на русский язык. Поставьте предложения в вопросительную и отрицательную формы.
1. They have got a nice cat.
2. We had a large lunch yesterday.
3. It will probably rain soon.
Задание № 6. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, во времена групп Simple (Indefinite) или Continuous. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. I (wash) my hair last morning.
2. He usually (do) his homework in the afternoon.
3. The girl (talk) to Tim when his sister came.
4. If they forecast rainstorms, we (return) to the city.
Задание № 7. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, во времена групп Perfect или Perfect Continuous. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. George smokes. He (smoke) for five years.
2. They already (paint) the walls in their flat.
3. The builder says he (finish) the roof by next week.
4. When I got to the car park I realised that I (lose) my keys.
Задание № 8. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык. Выпишите из каждого глагол – сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму. Напишите форму инфинитива глагола.
1. It’s raining again. Take your umbrella.
2. My mother always forgets my birthday.
3. I am sure Andrew will come to see us this evening.
4. I knew that he was waiting for somebody.
5. As soon as she came in I knew I had seen her before.
6. It has been snowing since Tuesday.
Задание № 9. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык. Подчеркните модальные глаголы.
1. You must not worry about it.
2. Can you make me some tea?
3. According to the radio, it may rain today.
4. You should change your job.
Задание № 10. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.
The Statue of Liberty
The magnificent Statue of Liberty stands in New York Harbour and welcomes millions of foreign visitors and citizens returning to the United States from abroad. The idea for such a statue originated in France on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the USA.
The French people gave August Bartholdi’s statue “Liberty Enlightening the World” to the American people in 1886. The 12 acre Liberty Island was selected as the permanent site for the statue. It was placed upon a concrete and granite pedestal. The statue with its pedestal is 305 feet high.
Approximately 800.000 people visit Liberty Island each year. You can walk up 354 stairs to get to the top of the statue. An elevator takes sightseers to the top of the pedestal, but from there those who wish to venture higher, must walk up to the statue’s head, where there is an observation platform. On a clear day, this platform affords a wonderful view of the harbour and New York. The right arm and the torch are not open to the public.
There is a museum on Liberty Island, at the foot of the statue.
a harbour – гавань, порт
to welcome – приветствовать
site – местоположение
Liberty Island – остров Свободы
on the occasion of – по случаю
concrete – бетон
Задание № 11. Перепишите вопросы к тексту и письменно ответьте на них.
1. Where does the Statue of Liberty stand?
2. Where and when did the idea for the statue originate?
3. Who is the sculptor of the statue?
4. How many people visit Liberty Island each year?
5. How can sightseers get to an observation platform?
Вариант № 5
Задание № 1. Перепишите и письменно переведите следующие предложения, подчеркните неопределенные местоимения.
1. There isn’t anybody in the garden.
2. I’ve got nothing to read.
3. She said something but I didn’t understand her.
4. Somebody has broken the window.
Задание № 2. Выберите прилагательное в соответствующей степени сравнения. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. It’s (easy, easier, the easiest) to phone than to write a letter.
2. Sydney is (large, larger, the largest) city in Australia.
3. Money is important, but it isn’t (important, more important, the most important) thing in life.
4. Italy has (old, older, the oldest) population in the world.
Задание № 3. Выберите нужную форму глагола to be. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. Jane (will be, was, is) at home at the moment.
2. Where (are, was, were) you at 11 o’clock last Friday morning?
3. They (are, will be, were) engineers in 5 years.
4. Books (will be, were, are) expensive nowadays.
Задание № 4. Вставьте there’s или it’s. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. … a lot of snow in the forest.
2. … difficult to stop smoking.
3. I’m not going to buy this book. … too expensive.
4. … a vase on the floor in the corner of the room.
Задание № 5. Перепишите предложения, переведите их на русский язык. Поставьте предложения в вопросительную и отрицательную формы.
1. Tina teaches mathematics to young children.
2. She met her friends yesterday evening.
3. The birds will eat the old bread left in the garden.
Задание № 6. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, во времена групп Simple (Indefinite) или Continuous. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. The kettle (boil). Can you turn it off, please?
2. Water (boil) at 100 degrees Celsius.
3. The police (stop) him on his way home last night.
4. The sky is black. I think it (rain).
Задание № 7. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, во времена групп Perfect или Perfect Continuous. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. Tom (smoke) ten cigarettes today.
2. Ron (study) very much this term.
3. It (snow) for two hours.
4. He (play) chess since he was eight.
Задание № 8. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык. Выпишите из каждого глагол – сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму. Напишите форму инфинитива глагола.
1. John was working all day yesterday.
2. Ann works in a bank.
3. David went away 5 minutes ago.
4. Jill has lost her passport.
5. Next year Bill will be 25.
6. Tom is having a shower at the moment.
Задание № 9. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык. Подчеркните модальные глаголы.
1. Ann can speak Italian, but she can’t speak Spanish.
2. When you are driving you should wear a seat-belt.
3. You mustn’t walk on the grass.
4. It might rain this afternoon.
Задание № 10. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.
The First Universities
Before the 12th century most people were illiterate. Reading and writing skills were not considered important or necessary. Monasteries were centres of education, and priests were the most educated people.
But with the development of such sciences as medicine and law, first universities appeared in Italy and France. A university had four faculties: Theology (the study of religion), Canon Law (church laws), Medicine and Art, which included Latin grammar, rhetoric (the art of making speeches), logic, arithmetic, geometry, astronomy and music.
In the middle of the 12th century a group of professors from France came to Britain and founded schools in the town of Oxford in 1168. It was the beginning of the first English university. A second university was formed in 1209 in Cambridge. Towards the end of the 13th century colleges appeared around the universities, where other subjects were studied.
Getting an education in those times was very difficult. Printing had not yet been invented, and all the books were hand-written. That’s why books were rare and very expensive. Only the richest people could afford buying books. If a man had twenty or thirty books, people said that he had a great library. Special rules existed for handling books. You were not to touch books with dirty hands or put them on the table at meal times.
Theology – теология (богословие)
Canon Law – церковное право
Rhetoric - риторика
Задание № 11. Перепишите вопросы к тексту и письменно ответьте на них.
1. Who were the most educated people in England before the 12th century?
2. Where did universities first appear in Europe?
3. Which four faculties did a medieval university have?
4. When and how was Oxford University founded?
5. Why were books rare and very expensive in those times?
Вариант № 6
Задание № 1. Перепишите и письменно переведите следующие предложения, подчеркните неопределенные местоимения.
1. I’m not hungry. I don’t want anything to eat.
2. Has anybody seen the bag?
3. Someone has forgotten the umbrella.
4. He’s busy. He’s got some work to do.
Задание № 2. Выберите прилагательное в соответствующей степени сравнения. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. Last night I went to bed (early, earlier, the earliest) than usual.
2. The speed of this plane is as (high, higher, the highest) as the speed of sound.
3. The film was very bad. I think it’s (bad, worse, the worst) film I’ve ever seen.
4. Is it (expensive, more expensive, the most expensive) to go by car or by train?
Задание № 3. Выберите нужную форму глагола to be. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. John (am, is, are) afraid of dogs.
2. This time last year I (were, was, will be) in Paris.
3. Today she is in Madrid. Tomorrow she (is, was, will be) at home.
4. Please, be quiet. I (were, are, am) working.
Задание № 4. Вставьте there’s или it’s. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. … dangerous to work in the road.
2. … a new restaurant in King Street.
3. … a good film on TV tonight.
4. … impossible to understand her.
Задание № 5. Перепишите предложения, переведите их на русский язык. Поставьте предложения в вопросительную и отрицательную формы.
1. The earth goes round the sun.
2. We invited them to our party.
3. I’ll meet you outside the hotel.
Задание № 6. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, во времена групп Simple (Indefinite) или Continuous. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. You look serious. What you (think) about?
2. When Karen arrived, we (have) dinner.
3. We (see) Rose in town a few days ago.
4. I think the weather (be) nice later.
Задание № 7. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, во времена групп Perfect или Perfect Continuous. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. Jim is away on holiday. He (go) to Spain.
2. I didn’t know who she was. I never (see) her before.
3. She (play) tennis since she was eight.
4. The match (finish) by 10 o’clock.
Задание № 8. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык. Выпишите из каждого глагол – сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму. Напишите форму инфинитива глагола.
1. I have written several letters to my friends this week.
2. It had been snowing for a week when we came to the town.
3. He graduated from our faculty a year ago.
4. They are translating a very interesting article.
5. Our factory will have fulfilled the plan by the end of December.
6. I have been waiting for him for an hour.
Задание № 9. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык. Подчеркните модальные глаголы.
1. I looked everywhere for the book but I couldn’t find it.
2. I think the government should do more to help homeless people.
3. The windows are very dirty. I must clean them.
4. I can look through the newspapers if you need it.
Задание № 10. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.
Cambridge
Cambridge is situated at a distance of 70 miles from London. It is one of the most beautiful towns in England. The dominating factor in Cambridge is its well-known University, a centre of education and learning.
Newton, Byron, Darwin and many other scientists and writers were educated at Cambridge. It has 27 colleges. Every college is headed by a dean.
Cambridge is built on a river called the Cam. The University was founded in 1209. Today, Cambridge is famous not only for its University but also because it is a very picturesque and ancient city. Many of its buildings are very old: some of them were built about 700 years ago. Some of the older buildings are covered with beautiful plants such as ivy. Many are surrounded by green lawns and multicoloured flower-beds. Although all the colleges belong to the same University, each has its own character and style. There are also many beautiful bridges across the Cam including the Mathematical Bridge and the Bridge of Signs.
Cambridge is a very pleasant city to live and study in. Since there are so many colleges, a large number of the city’s inhabitants are young students.
Sport plays a large part in university life. As Cambridge is on the river Cam, rowing seems to be the most popular sport. There are “boathouses” all along the river bank and early in the mornings you’ll see many students rowing, whatever the weather.
Foreign students from different countries enjoy their stay in Cambridge not only because of its beautiful sights, but because they have a chance to meet many English people of their own age.
to head – возглавлять
a dean – декан
ivy - плющ
a lawn – лужайка
a flower-bed - клумба
Bridge of Signs – мост Вздохов
boathouse – лодочный домик
Задание № 11. Перепишите вопросы к тексту и письменно ответьте на них.
1. Where is Cambridge situated?
2. It was founded in 1209, wasn’t it?
3. Why is Cambridge a picturesque city?
4. What plays a large part in University life?
5. Do foreign students enjoy their stay in Cambridge and why?
Вариант № 7
Задание № 1. Перепишите и письменно переведите следующие предложения, подчеркните неопределенные местоимения.
1. Grandpa doesn’t want anybody picking him up at the station. He likes to be independent.
2. It’s really easy to work on a computer, but, like anything, you need to work at it.
3. English and Americans often think of a pet as one of the family.
4. It’s a problem, isn’t it? Let’s try to work something out.
Задание № 2. Выберите прилагательное в соответствующей степени