Phrases and Word Combinations

ESSENTIAL VOCABULARY

1. comevi (esp. up to, down to) to reach, e. g. The water came (up) to my neck. –

come aboutto happen, e. g. I'll never understand how it came about that you were an hour late on such a short journey. – 1) происходить, случаться 2) менять направление ( о ветре, корабле )

come along (on)to advance, to improve, e. g. Mother's coming along nicely, thank you. – 4) улучшать

5) поправляться ( о здоровье )

come byto obtain, e. g. Jobs were hard to come by with so many people out of work. – 1) проходить мимо 2) доставать, достигать 3) заходить 4) получать что-л. ( особенно случайно )

come downto lose position, respect or social rank, e. g. John came down in my opinion after his bad behaviour at the dance. – 1) падать ( о снеге, дожде ) 2) спускаться; опускаться 3) уменьшаться; снижаться

come into become fashionable, e. g. When did the short skirt first come in? – 4) входить в моду

come off1) to cease being joined to smth, e. g. I tried to pick up the bucket, but the handle came off in my hand. 2) (informal) to succeed, e. g. It was a bold idea, but it still came off. – 3) отрываться ( напр., о пуговице ) 4) иметь успех; удаваться, проходить с успехом

come on(informal) to start, e. g. I can feel a cold coming on. –

come outto become clear or known, e. g. The truth came out at the inquiry. – 1) выходить 2) появляться (в печати) 4) обнаруживаться; проявляться

come to –to regain consciousness, e. g. The girl fainted, but she came to when we threw drops of water on her face. – прийти в себя, очнуться

come up –12) изменять мнение о ком-л. ( в худшую сторону )

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2. objectivea not influenced by personal feelings; fair, e. g. The writer tried to be as objective as possible in evaluating his latest work. – а) объективный, реальный ( существующий независимо от нашего сознания ) б) предметный; вещественный в) 2) объективный; действительный, реальный 3) беспристрастный, непредвзятый, объективный

objectiven (C) something which you plan to do or achieve, e. g. His main/primary objective now is simply to stay in power. – 1) цель; стремление ( тж. objective point ); объект ( наступления )

objectn 1) a material thing, e. g. What is that dark object over there? 2) smth or smb that is the focus of feeling, thought, or action, as an object of pity, admiration, ridicule, delight, curiosity, fear, etc., e. g. She was the object of his love. 3) purpose; aim. e. g. The object of his visit was not clear. – 1) предмет; вещь 2) объект (нечто материальное или абстрактное, на которое направлены мысли, чувства, действия ) 3) а) цель б) причина, основание беспокойства

objectvi to be against smth or someone, e. g. I object to the whole thing on principle. – 1) возражать, протестовать; выдвигать возражения 2) относиться неодобрительно, неприязненно; не любить

objectionn a statement or feeling of dislike, disapproval, or opposition, e. g. Have you any objection to his coming? – а) возражение, протест ( в большинстве контекстов как юридический термин ) б) неодобрение, порицание

3. groundn 1) (C) a piece of land for a special use; a football ground; picnic grounds, a playground, e. g. The school grounds were planted with trees and flowers. 2) a reason, e. g. He left on the grounds of ill-health.

to cover much/a lot of ground1) to travel a certain distance; 2) to deal with many different subjects, e. g. I'll try to cover all the ground in a short speech of half an hour. – 2) To process a great deal of information and various facts.

to suit someone down to the ground(informal) to be just what one wants or likes, e. g. This house will suit us down to the ground. – [в самый раз, как раз то, что надо/нужно]

groundlessa (of feelings, ideas) without base or good reason – безосновательный, беспочвенный, беспричинный, необоснованный, неосновательный

well-groundeda based on fact – 1) обоснованный; подкрепленный фактами, аргументами 2) хорошо подготовленный ( in - по какому-л. предмету ); сведущий ( in - в чем-л. )

forbidden ground– запретная тема

common ground– a shared area of agreement or understanding; an overlap of aims or interests – точка соприкосновения

4. thingn 1) (C) any material object, e. g. What's that thing you've got on your head? 2) (C) a piece of clothing, e. g. I've not got a thing to wear. 3) (C) that which is not material, e. g. What a nasty thing to say to your sister! 4) (C) a subject, matter, e. g. There's one more thing I wanted to say. 5) (C) a person or animal regarded as an object of pity, affection, or contempt, e. g. Your daughter's such a sweet little thing. You stupid thing! 6) (C) happening, event, e. g. A funny thing happened yesterday. 7) pl possessions, belongings, e. g. Have you packed your things for the journey? 8) pl the general state of affairs, e. g. Things are getting worse and worse.

(not) quite the thing(informal) what is considered socially correct, fashionable, e. g. It's not quite the thing to wear an open-necked shirt to a formal evening dinner. – the socially proper thing to do.

the thing isthe most important point is, e. g. The thing is can we get there in time? – But the thing is that she's my girl. — Дело, видишь ли, в том, что она моя девушка.

have a thing about(informal) — a peculiar attitude or feeling toward smth, e. g. She has a thing about cats.

old thing– голубушка, дружок

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5. opposev to be or act against, e. g. His father did not oppose his plan to study medicine.

to be opposed to,e. g. He is opposed to sex education in schools.

oppositen a person or thing that is as different as possible, e. g. Black and white are opposites. – 1) противоположность

oppositea 1) totally different; 2) across from where you are, e. g. He sits opposite. – 3) диаметрально противоположный по природе, натуре, характеру и т.д.

oppositionn 1) (U) action against, e. g. His opposition to the plan surprised his friends. 2) the political parties opposed to the government. – 1) противодействие, сопротивление, создание препятствий; неприятие, вражда ( to )

6. initialn, usu. pl first letters of a person's name.

initiala coming at the beginning, as the initial advantage, attempt, stage, step, symptoms, etc., e. g. His initial response to the question was "no". – 1) начальный; исходный, отправной, первоначальный; начинающийся, зарождающийся

initiativen 1) (C) the first step in an undertaking (esp. in the phr. to take the initiative), e. g. Jean took the initiative at the party by introducing herself to the people she didn't know. 2) (U) the ability to do things before others; enterprise, e. g. Did you do this on your own initiative? – 1) инициатива, первый шаг, почин 2) предприимчивость, инициативность, способность к самостоятельным активным действиям

7. attentionn 1) (U) active focusing of the mind, (oft. in the phr. to pay attention to, to attract/to draw smb's attention to), e. g. Do not let your attention wander. 2) (U) thoughtful consideration, care, e. g. A good mother gives equal attention to each of her children.

attendvt/i 1) to give one's attention, e. g. Are you attending to what is being said? 2) to be present at, e. g. The meeting was well attended. 3) to look after, e. g. I have a good doctor attending me. – 1) уделять внимание, быть внимательным ( to - к кому-л., чему-л. ) 2) заботиться, следить ( to - за чем-л. ); выполнять 3) ходить, ухаживать ( за больным ) 4) прислуживать, обслуживать ( on, upon ) 5) сопровождать; сопутствовать 6) посещать; присутствовать ( на лекциях, собраниях и т. п. )

attentivea 1) paying attention; 2) courteous, considerate, as an attentive host.

Ant. inattentive – 1) внимательный 2) заботливый 3) вежливый, предупредительный

8. reassure vt to restore confidence or courage, e. g. The doctor reassured the sick man (about his health).

reassurancen (C; U), e. g. She won't believe it in spite of all our reassurance. – 1) заверять, уверять, убеждать; успокаивать; утешать ( about, of ) 2) перестраховывать, повторно страховать

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assurevt 1) to promise; try to persuade, e, g. He assured us of his ability to work. 2) to make certain, e. g. Before going to bed she assured herself that the door was locked. – 1) уверять; заверять кого-л.; убеждать 2) убеждаться 3) гарантировать, обеспечивать 4) страховать

assureda also self-assured, –self-possessed, confident, as an assured manner. – 1) уверенный; застрахованный 2) гарантированный, обеспеченный, проверенный 3) а) самоуверенный; наглый; дерзкий, нахальный б) самоуспокоенный, самодовольный

assurancen — promise, statement made to give confidence – 1) гарантия, заверение 2) убежденность, уверенность 3) уверенность в себе, твердость 4) самоуверенность, самонадеянность; наглость 5) страхование

9. yieldvt 1) to give, produce, bear, e. g. That tree yields plenty of fruit 2) to give up control (of), e. g. We did not yield (up) our position to the enemy. – б) приносить урожай, давать плоды; давать такой-то результат, приводить к чему-л. в) подаваться, поддаваться; пружинить, растягиваться

Syn. surrender (в), give up

yieldn that which is produced, e. g. The tree gave a high yield this year. – а) плоды, урожай ( тж. сбор урожая ) б) прибыль, доход ( от финансовой деятельности, от сбора налогов и т.д. )

yieldinga 1) likely to agree with or give in to others, e. g. He has a yielding character and will soonchange his mind. 2) tending to give way esp. under pressure, as yielding materials. – 1) податливый, покладистый, уступчивый 2) мягкий, податливый ( о материале ) 3) пружинистый, упругий 4) неустойчивый; оседающий

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