B) Make the nouns in bold singular. Change sentences if necessary.

1. These factories produce furniture.
2. The wives of the sailors came to the shore.
3. I have hurt my feet and hands.
4. In the farmyard we could see oxen, sheep, cows and geese.
5. Do your teeth still ache?
6. These are my friends’ studies.
7. He keeps his toys in the boxes.
8. These ladies are those gentlemen’s wives.
9. The children are sitting on the benches.

C) Fill the gaps with the correct form of the nouns (singular or plural).

1. They ate some (tomato) ______________.

2. You can put (sugar) ______________ in your tea.

3. We have to buy new (furniture) ______________.

4. I need to wash my (hair) ______________.

5. We had lots of (fun) ______________.

6. The Milfords have a lot of (money) ______________.

7. How many (people) ______________ were at the cinema with you?

8. Could you give some (information) ______________ on your project?

9. In this hotel, (family) ______________ are very welcome.

10. Those (man) ______________ seem to be very tired.

Countable and uncountable.

Countable nouns can be counted as one or more.

• pen, computer, bottle, spoon, desk, cup, television, chair, shoe, finger, flower, camera, stick, balloon, book, table, comb, etc.

Cannot be counted. They usually express a group or a type.

• water, wood, ice, air, oxygen, English, Spanish, traffic, furniture, milk, wine, sugar, rice, meat, flour, soccer, sunshine, etc.

Exercises

a) Choose all of the non-count nouns in the following list:

wine, student, pen, water, wind, milk, computer, furniture, cup, rice, box, watch, potato, wood.

b)

Possessive case of nouns.

possessive nouns are used to indicate ownership.

Possessive nouns usually are formed by adding an apostrophe (') and s.

• John's book
• Kerry's car
• Grandma's mirror

When a noun is plural and ends in s, an apostrophe (') is added.

• The kids' toys
• My parents' house
• The teachers' lounge

If two people own one thing, the apostrophe and s to the second person only are added.

• John and Mary's new house
• David and Sue's wedding
• Tom and Doug's car

If two people own separate things, the apostrophe and s for each person are added.

• Susan's and Beth's books
• Jean's and Dan's pants
• Ben's and Jim's offices

a) Which of the following is not correct?

1)Dr. Hunts has a new computer.
2)Dr. Hunts's new computer is working well.
3)Dr. Hunts' computer is new.

B) Paraphrase the following sentences using the Possessive Case.

1. The office of our manager is very big.
2. They will consider the proposals of Mr. Black at their next meeting.
3. This is, in the opinion of the critics, their best record for years.
4. The computer of Tom and Helen is modern.
5. We have not yet received the answer of buyers.
6. The working day of our Commercial Director begins at 9 o’clock in the morning.
7. Do you know the telephone number of the Petrovs?
8. My husband knows a lot about detective novels of Agatha Christie.
9. She put the wet boots of the boys near the stove.

Present Simple Tense.

The simple present tense in English is used to describe an action that is regular, true or normal.

We use the present tense:

For repeated or regular actions in the present time period.

• I take the train to the office.
• The train to Berlin leaves every hour.
• John sleeps eight hours every night during the week.

For facts.

• The President of The USA lives in The White House.
• A dog has four legs.
• We come from Switzerland.

For habits.

• I get up early every day.
• Carol brushes her teeth twice a day.
• They travel to their country house every weekend.

4. For things that are always / generally true.

• It rains a lot in winter.
• The Queen of England lives in Buckingham Palace.
• They speak English at work.

Verb Conjugation & Spelling

We form the present tense using the base form of the infinitive (without the TO).

In general, in the third person we add 'S' in the third person.

The spelling for the verb in the third person differs depending on the ending of that verb:

1. For verbs that end in -O, -CH, -SH, -SS, -X, or -Z we add -ES in the third person.

• go – goes
• catch – catches
• wash – washes
• kiss – kisses
• fix – fixes
• buzz – buzzes

2. For verbs that end in a consonant + Y, we remove the Y and add -IES.

• marry – marries
• study – studies
• carry – carries
• worry – worries

NOTE: For verbs that end in a vowel + Y, we just add -S.

• play – plays
• enjoy – enjoys
• say – says

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