Exercise 9. Point out wholly and partially substantivized adjectives and Participles II. Translate the sentences into Russian.
1. John is a relative of Mrs. Smith’s. 2. The accuser stands to lose more than the accused. 3. She looked straight into his eyes. Her own were large, of a very dark brown, and starry. 4. Her hair was pale blond. 5. He walked with her along a pleasant corridor. Yellows and greens predominated. 6. That green as just my colour and it would make my eyes look green. 7. “I suppose you can speak Italian, can’t you?” – “No, I can speak English and French. My mother tongue is Russian.” 8. I thought he might be a Portuguese from the east coast. 9. The French see these things differently from us. 10. “The Scotch are such a moral people,” Catherine said. 11. It was she who saw to it that there were schools for their children, hospitals for their sick, food for those no longer able to work, and care and respect for the aged. 12. They’re taking some wounded out to the hospital ship right over there. 13. How foolish the old were, thinking they could tell what the young felt! 14. Philip heard that the poor helped one another. 15. Of the injured, Dodo was brought up last. 16. Just for an instant, she could feel ordinary among the ordinary. 17. The animals had been frightened, cold, wild as forest creatures, the strong attacking the weak, the weak waiting for the weaker to die so they could eat them. 18. His instinct had always been to forgive the beautiful. 19. The past, it seemed, did not die, as he had thought, but lived on beside the present, and sometimes, perhaps, became the future.
Exercise10. Define noun and verb characteristics of the Gerund.
1. It’s natural living like this alone with Nature. 2. Keeping his secret won’t do any harm. 3. All I want is getting the truth. 4. He had great difficulty in undoing his collar. 5. He didn’t like the idea of her staying with her father’s people in Capetown. 6. I don’t feel comfortable at Miss Brown’s leaving us so soon. 7. He was good at gathering mushrooms. 8. I kept walking quickly. 9. He was aware of Jack’s watching him attentively. 10. Raymond did not like being called Ray. 11. It was some time before I remembered having met him on the Liston plane. 12. She smiled without her teeth.
Exercise 11. State the syntactic function of the Gerund.
1. It’s no use doing things by halves. 2. She kept eyeing Henry with interest. 3. He didn’t feel like talking to anyone now. 4. I could not help thinking of the island in this anatomical way. 5. After pausing for breath she announced, “I have some excellent news.” 6. She explained this to them by saying she was busy. 7. She asked her one or two questions. Kitty answered them without knowing what they meant. 8. The land was the one thing in the world worth fighting for. 9. After a moment, everyone started talking again. 10. Jennie was busy all next day preparing for a cocktail-party. 11. She waited a minute or two before speaking. 12. Julie expressed horror at the very thought of going out into the cold. 13. I could not answer for coughing. 14. House-keeping with Lidia worked quite well. 15. “A mule would be useful for crossing the mountain,” I observed.
Exercise 12. Use the Gerund from the following list as:
A) subject
continuing, going, riding, keeping, finding
1. Robinson thought at the time that … a journal would be an occupation for my mind. 2. My brother always said that … is the best exercise. 3. I’m afraid it’s no use … this discussion. 4. It’s no use … over old ground. 5. … him there surprised me greatly.
B) direct object
sitting, opening, hearing, being, doing
1. I remember … her complain to Joe. 2. The box was stoutly made and resisted … . 3. I intend … it tomorrow. 4. Would you mind … over here? 5. Now I had resolved, if possible, to avoid … alone with any of these men, these strangers.
C) prepositional object
shaking, stopping, calling, getting, drinking, missing, dealing, being, saying, twisting
1. She was afraid of … Miller in the crowd. 2. He was fond of …: “The superstition of today is the science of yesterday.” 3. Thank you for … . 4. On the way home Sally insisted on … in front of our college. 5. I am assure you I am quite capable of … with the matter. 6. After that, of course, I had difficulty in … off Tom Wells. 7. I am sick and tired of … tea without milk. 8. Surely that prevents the day from … ordinary. 9. They were certainly clever at … one’s remarks.
D) attribute
eating, coming, getting, reading, going, greeting, discussing
1. The surgery opened at five-thirty, and I made a point of … along there quite promptly. 2. The only way of … to the dance was on our bicycles. 3. They talked and laughed and shouted, and there was the clatter of knives and forks, and strange sounds of … . 4. Philip had few friends. His habit of … isolated him. 5. He could not bear the thought of … his situation. 6. There were cries of … from a dozen voices and they moved toward her. 7. Philip could never tell lies without embarrassment, and he was scarlet when he finished his explanation for not … .