Список использованных источников
Рабочий день студента
(Students working day)
МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ УКАЗАНИЯ
ПО АНГЛИЙСКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ
Рекомендовано к изданию Редакционно-издательским советом государственного
образовательного
учреждения высшего профессионального образования-
«Оренбургский Государственный Университет»
Оренбург 2008
УДК 802.0(075.8)
ББК 81,2 Англия73
3-34
Рецензент
доктор педагогических наук, профессор Н.С. Сахарова
Зарицкая Л.А.
Рабочий день студента.: методические указания по английскому языку / Л.А. Зарицкая-
Оренбург: ГОУ ОГУ, 2008 - с.
Данные методические указания представляют собой подборку адаптированных текстов по теме «Рабочий день студента» и систему упражнений к ним. Все упражнения рассчитаны на развитие речевых навыков и умений студентов 1 курса всех специальностей.
ББК 81,2 Англия73
© Зарицкая Л.А., 2008-08-30
©ГОУ ОГУ, 2008
Содержание
Введение……………………………………………………………………………..
1 Unit 1………………………………………………………………………………..
2 Unit 1……………………………………………………………………………….
3 Unit 1…………………………………………………………………………….
4 Unit 1……………………………………………………………………………………
Список использованных источников……………………………………
Введение
Данные методические указания предназначены для студентов 1 курса всех специальностей.
Цель методических указаний – расширение лексического запаса, развитие навыков и умений чтения и перевода адаптированных текстов по темам «Рабочий день студента», «Семья», «О себе».
Методические указания состоят из четырех разделов. Три раздела имеют идентичную структуру. Они включают тексты по теме, предтекстовые и послетекстовые упражнения. В четвертом разделе даны тексты для самостоятельного перевода.
Unit 1. About Myself.
Pretext exercises.
1.1.1 Read the words. Mind their meaning:
to make friendsподружиться
of the same ageровесники
block of flatsмногоквартирный дом
slender [e]стройный
straightпрямой
spectaclesочки
guyпарень
honestчестный
shortcomingнедостаток
stubbornупрямый
neverthelessтем не менее
he is pleasant to deal with с ним приятно иметь дело
an only childединственный ребенок в семье
lawyerюрист, адвокат
brilliantзамечательный, блестящий
no wonderнеудивительно
talentedталантливый
a good ear for musicхороший музыкальный слух
jazzджаз
videoвидеозапись
cafeкафе
justсправедливый
understandingотзывчивый, чуткий
to trustдоверять, верить
to rely on smdполагаться на кого-либо, доверять
to let smdподводить
responsibleответственный
whateverчто бы ни
art galleryкартинная галерея
politicsполитика, политические взгляды, убеждения
quarrelссориться
misunderstandingнедопонимание
to make peaceпомириться
as soon as possibleкак можно скорее
shareделить, разделять
to respectуважать
fairnessсправедливость
strong willсильная воля
intellectум
modestyскромность
to miss smdскучать без кого-либо
1.1.2 Put the verb “to be” in Present, Past or Future:
1. The students … in the Russian Museum. 2. Last month they … in the Hermitage. 3. In two weeks they … in the Tretyakov Gallery. They … lucky. 4. My father … a teacher. 5. He … a pupil twenty years ago. 6. I … a doctor when I grow up. 7. My sister … not … as home tomorrow. 8. She … at school tomorrow. 9. … you … at home tomorrow? 10. … your father at work yesterday? 11. My sister … ill last week. 12. She … not ill now. 13. Yesterday we … at the teacher. 14. Where … your mother now? – She … in the kitchen. 15. Where … you yesterday? – I … at the cinema. 16. When I come home tomorrow, all my family … at home. 17. … your little sister in bed now? – Yes, she … . 18. … you … at school tomorrow? – Yes, I … . 19. When my granny … young, she … an actress. 20. My friend … in Moscow now. 21. He … in St. Petersburg tomorrow. 22. Where … your books now? – They … in my bag.
Read the text A.
1.2.1 Text A:
My friend
| M |
y best friend’s name’s Nick. We made friends a few years ago. We are of the same age. We live in the same block of flats, so we see each other almost every day.
Nick is a tall slender boy. He has got dark hair, large dark eyes, a straight nose and thin lips. He wears spectacles. He is a nice guy. He is very honest and just, understanding and kind. I trust him a lot and Im sure that I can rely on him in any situation. He never lets people down. Nick is only 19 but he is very responsible – he finishes whatever he starts. Hes got only one shortcoming – he is a bin stubborn. Nevertheless he is pleasant to deal with.
Nicks an only child and his parents love him very much. His father is a lawyer. He is a most brilliant man Ive ever met. He knows everything theres to know about the law. His mother is a music teacher. No wonder Nick is so talented. Hes got a very good ear for music. He likes jazz and plays the piano very well.
We spend a lot of time together. We often watch video or listen to music. Sometimes we go to the cinema or to the theatre, or walk around the centre of Moscow, visiting small cafes, museums, art galleries, shops. We talk for hours about all sorts of things (politics, love, teachers, girls). We discuss films, television programmes, books.
I never quarrel with Nick. But if theres some misunderstanding between us we try to make peace as soon as possible. What I like best about him is that hi is always willing to help and share his knowledge, thoughts and feelings. I respect him for his fairness, strong will, intellect and modesty.
I miss Nick when we dont see each other for a long time. Without him I would feel lonely and uncomfortable. Our friendship helps me to feel strong and sure of myself.
1.2.2 Answer the questions:
1.Have you got a lot of friends?
2.What is you best friends name?
3.How long have you been friends?
4.Where does he (she) live?
5.Do you often see each other?
6.Where did you meet for the first time?
7.What do you do in your free time?
8.What do you usually talk about?
9.Do you quarrel?
10.What do you like best about your friend?
11.Has he (she) got any shortcomings?
12.Do you think friendship depends on shared interests – hobbies and leisure activities?
13.Does it mean that is two people dont have common hobbies they cant be real friends?
14.What features do you like (dislike) in people?
1.2.3 Writ down a story about yourself. You may use the text below. Retell it:
Text B
About Myself.
Unit 2. Family.
Pretext exercises.
2.1.1 Read the words. Mind their meaning:
good-lookingкрасивый, миловидный
slimстройный
experiencedопытный, квалифицированный, со стажем
broad-shoulderedширокоплечий
to play the guitarиграть на гитаре
to repairчинить, исправлять
to be handy with smthуметь делать что-либо, быть искусным в чем либо
to take to piecesразбирать на части
to manageсуметь, справиться, ухитриться
wheels and screwsколесики и винтики
to fixчинить, исправлять
vacuum cleanerпылесос
washing machineстиральная машина
fridgeхолодильник
and what notи так далее, и тому подобное
in piecesразобранный на части
to have much in commonиметь много общего
viewsвзгляды на …
horror filmфильм ужасов
“soap opera”«мыльная опера», многосерийная мелодрама
to be fond of smthувлекаться чем либо
to go in for smthзаниматься чем-либо
opinionмнение
upbringingвоспитание
to take care of smdзаботиться о ком либо
she is good at cookingона хорошо готовит
she is clever with her handsу нее умелые руки
to tidyубирать, приводить в порядок
pensionerпенсионер
to run the houseвести хозяйство
to knitвязать
accountantбухгалтер
scientistученый
twinsблизнецы
nursery schoolдетский сад
cosmonautкосмонавт
to take afterбыть похожим, пойти (в кого-либо из родителей)
fair-hairedсветловолосый
even-temperedуравновешенный
to be in a good moodбыть в хорошем настроении
to be deeply attached to smbбыть сильно привязанным к кому-либо
to get on wellбыть в хороших отношениях, ладить друг с другом
2.1.2 Translate the sentences from English into Russian. Pay attention to the verb “to have”:
1. They had dinner brought. 2. She had the children looked after in the evening when she went out. 3.Ellen had her needle threaded for her as her eyesight was getting worse and worse. 4.I must have these shouse mended. 5.I shall have my son taught nusic. 6. The planters had the trees in the jungle cut down. 7.I shall have your taxi kept at the door. 8.I shall have your things brought up and unpacked at once. 9.I must have my hair cut tomorrow. 10.I have just had my photograph taken and thought you might like to get one. 11.I meant to have this dress altered but I never did. 12.She has had no photographs of herself taken since her childhood. 13.Have this carpet spread on the floor.
Read the text.
2.2.1 Text A:
My Family
| I |
am Alex Sidorov. Alex is my first name and Sidorov is my surname. I am seventeen years old. I wont to tell you a few words about my family. My family is large. Ive got a mother, a father, a sister, a brother and a grandmother. There are six of us in the family.
My mother is a teacher of biology. She works in a college. She likes her profession. She is a good-looking woman with brown hair and green eyes. She is forty-four but she looks much younger. She is tall and slim.
My father is a computer programmer. He is very experienced. He is a broad-shouldered, tall man with fair hair and grey eyes. He is forty-six. My father often sings and when we are at home and have some free time, I pley the guitar and we sing together. My father knows all about new radio sets and likes to repair old ones. He is also handy with many things. When he was small, he liked to take everything to pieces. My grandmother told me a story that once my father tried to “repair” their kitchen clock. He managed to put all the wheels and screws back again – but the clock did not work. They had to give it to a repairman. But that happened a long time ago. Now he can fix almost everything: a vacuum cleaner, a washing machine, a fridge and what not. Hes got a few shelves where he keeps everything he needs. On the table theres always a radio in pieces.
My parents have been married for twenty-six years. They have much in common, but they have different views on music, books and films. For example, my father likes horror films and my mother likes “soap opera”. My father is fond of tennis. My mother isnt interested in sport. But my parents have the same opinion about my education and upbringing.
My parents are hard-working people. My mother keeps house and takes care of me and my father. She is very good at cooking and she is clever with her hands. She is very practical. My father and I try to help her with the housework. I wash the dishes, go shopping and tidy our flat.
My grandmother is a pensioner. She lives with us and helps to run the house. She is fond of knitting.
My sister Helen is twenty-five. She is married and has a family of her own. She works as an accountant for a small business company. Her husband is a scientist. Theyve got twins: a doughter and a son. They go to a nursery school.
My brother Boris is eleven. He is a schoolboy. He wants to become a doctor but he is not sure yet. Three month ago he dreamed of being a cosmonaut.
I want to become a student. Id like to learn foreign languages. I think I take after my father. Im tall, fair-haired and even-tempered. I always try to be in a good mood.
Weve got a lot of relatives. We are deeply attached to each other and we get on very well.
2.2.2 Answer the questions:
1. What is your first name? What is your surname?
2. How old are you?
3. When is your birthday?
4. Is your family large? How many are you in the family?
5. Have you got any brothers or sisters?
6. What are your parents? Where do they work?
7. How long have your parents been married?
8. Do they have much in common?
9. Do you spend a lot of time with your family?
10. What sort of things do you do together?
11. Do you go out with your parents?
12. Who runs the house in your family?
13. What are your household duties?
14. What is your father hobby?
15. Can you describe your mother?
2.2.3 Read and translate the text:
Text B
My friends family.
My friends name is Borisov Ivan. He lives in Orenberg. His family is not very large. He has a wife and two children. His wifes name is Mary and his childrens names are Ann and Nick. Ivans wife is a young woman. She is twenty seven years old. She is a teacher. She teaches English at the secondary school. There are many good pupils in her classes. As a rule they study well. Many of them can read and even sreak good English.
My friends daughter Ann is a girl of 8. She goes at school. She studies many subjects there. She is also fond of English and she likes reading English childrens books. Ivans son is a little boy. Every morning Ivan must like him to the nursery school. Ivan has also a sister. She studies at the University. She is a first-year student. She is going to be in engineer. She is not married yet. She is single.My friend has no brothers. My friends wife usually takes her children to the country in summer. They stay with their grandparents there. They love their grandchildren very vuch.
2.2.4 Write down a story about your family. You may use Text A and Text B. Retell it:
3 Unit 3. Students working day.
Pretext exercises.
3.1.1 Read the words. Mind their meaning:
to be an early riserрано вставать
especiallyособенно
to be morning exercisesделать утреннюю зарядку
to get dressedодеваться
unfortunatelyк сожалению
to failне сдать, провалить (об экзамене)
entrance examinationвступительные экзамены
a position of a secretaryместо секретаря
a companyкомпания
typewritingмашинопись
computingработа на компьютере
besidesк тому же, кроме того
business organizationделопроизводство
excellentотличный
to waste timeтерять время
to retell (retold)пересказать
to come acrossвстретить, натолкнуться
to memorizeзапомнить
a flashcardкарточка
a fax messageсообщение по факсу
a partnerпартнер
abroadза границей
to answer a phone callответить на телефонный звонок
a breakперерыв
occasionallyвремя от времени
experienceопыт
3.1.2 Translate the sentences from English into Russian. Pay attention to the verb:
On Monday we have five lessons. The first lesson is Russian. At this lesson we write a dictation and do some exercises. Nick goes to the blackboard. He answers well and gets a “five”. Pete does not get a “five” because he does not know his lesson. After the second lesson I go to the canteen. I eat a sandwich and drink a cup of tea. I do not drink milk. After school I do not go home at once. I go to the library and take a book. Then I go home.
3.1.3. Put the verbs in Past Simple Tense Translate the sentences:
On Tuesday I get up at half past six. I go to the bathroom and wash my hands and face and clean my teath. Then I dress, go to the kitchen and cook breakfast for my family. At half past seven my son gets up and has breakfast. I have breakfast with my son. My son eats a sandwich and drinks a cup of tea. I dont drinks tea. I drink coffee. After breakfast my son leaves home for school. I dont leave home with my son. On Tuesday I dont work in the morning. I work in the afternoon. In the evening I am at home. My husband and my son are at home, too. We rest in the evening. My son watches TV, my husband reads newspapers and I do some work about the house. At about eleven oclock we go to bed.
Read the text.
Text A
My working day
| O |
n weekdays the alarm-clock wakes me up at 6.30 and my working day begins. Im not an early riser, thats why its very difficult for me to get out of bed, especially in winter. I switch on my tape-recorder and do my morning exercises. Then I go to the bathroom, take a warm shower, clean my teeth and shave. After that I go to my bedroom to get dressed.
Usually my mother makes breakfast for me. But when she is away on business or just doesnt have to get up early, I make breakfast myself. While having breakfast, I listen to the latest news on the radio.
I have the house at 7.30 and go to the nearest underground station. Last year I tried to enter Moscow University, but unfortunately I failed my entrance examinations. So I thought I should work somewhere. It wasnt easy to find a job, but I managed to get a position of a secretary in a small business company. They agreed to take me because I had studied typewriting, computing and business organization at school. And besides, I passed my English school-leaving exam with an excellent mark.
It takes me an hour and a half to get to work. But I dont want to waste my time on the trine. Ive got a small cassette-player and I listen to different texts and dialogues. Sometimes I read a book and retell it silently. If I come across an interesting expression I try to memories it, I also write some English words on flashcards and learn them.
I usually arrive at work at ten minutes to though my working day begins at 9 sharp. There are always some fax messages to translate from English into Russian. Sometimes my boss wants me to write a letter to our business partners abroad. There are also a lot of phone calls which I have to answer.
At 1 oclock in the afternoon we have lunch. We usually have lunch in a small café just round the corner. At 2 oclock we come baclk to work. And we work hard till 5 oclock.
During the working day we also have several short coffee breaks. But sometimes we have no time for them.
I come home at about 7 oclock in the evening. My parents are usually at home, waiting for me. We have dinner together. Then we sit in the living room, drink tae, watch TV or just talk.
Occasionally I have to stay at work till 6 or even 7 oclock in the evening. When we have a lot of things to do we go to work on Saturdays. So by the end of the week I get very tried. All I can do on Sundays is ti sleep till eleven oclock, Watch television, listen to music and read something in English.
And still I always look forward to my next working day because I like my job. I think I get a lot of useful experience.
3.2.2 Answer the questions:
1. Do you get up early? Is it easy for you to get up early?
2. Do you wake up yourself or does an alarm-clock wake you up?
3. Do you do morning exercises? Do you do morning exercises to music?
4. Which do you prefer: a hot or a cold shower in the morning?
5. How long does it take you to get dressed?
6. What do you usually have for breakfast?
7. Some people look through newspapers or listen to the latest news on the radio while having breakfast. What about you?
8. When do you usually leave the house?
9. Do you work? Where do you work?
10. What do you usually do on your way to work (school, etc.)?
11. Where do you usually have lunch (dinner)?
12. What time do you come home?
13. How do you spend your evenings?
14. What time do you usually go to bed?
3.2.3 Read the text and make up 5 questions:
The students working day.
Borisov Ivan works at the plant in the day-time byt in the evening he studies at the evening department of the University. It is difficult to combine work and study and Ivan is very busy the whole week.
Every morning the alarm-clock wakes him up at half past six Do you do morning oclock. He usually gets up early, jumps out of bed, opens the window and does his morning exercise. Then he runs to the bathroom and takes a shower. He shaves, cleans his teeth, washes his face and wipes it. In the bedroom he dresses, brushes his hair and is ready to have breakfast. Ivan doesnt spend much time on his breakfast. It takes him about a quarter of an hour.
He has time for a cup of coffee and a sandwich or two. At ten minutes to eight he leaves home. As he doesnt have time to look through the morning newspaper, he puts it into his pocket to read on his way to work.
Ivan lives rather far from his work and therefore he must get there by bus. He generally comes to his work at 20 minutes past eight to get everything ready. His work requires great attention.
At half past eight Victor starts working. His working day lasts eight hours and he has an hours break for dinner. He usually has his dinner at the plants canteen. When the clock says half past 5 he stops his machine-tool. He is trough with his work.
Three times a week, on Monday, Wedensday and Friday he has lectures, classes and labs at the University. The lectures begin at half past six in the evening, so Ivan hurries to the University. But on the days when there are neither lectures nor classes at the University, he comes home at about 6 oclock in the evening. He has supper and if the programe is interesting he wached TV or listen to the radio. Later he looks through his notes and homework. At half past or twelve he goes to bed.
3.2.4 Retell the topic “Students working day” using a plan:
1. Week days
2. Day off
Unit 4. Additional text.
Text 1
Hobbies
| H |
obbies differ like tastes. If you have chosen a hobby according to your character and taste you are lucky because your life becomes more interesting.
Hobbies are divided into four large classes: doing things, making things, collecting things, and learning things.
The most popular of all hobby groups is doing things. It includes a wide variety of activities, everything from gardening to travelling and from chess to volleyball.
Gardening is one of the oldest of mans hobbies. Its a well-known fact that the English are very fond of gardening and growing flowers, especially roses.
Both grown-urs and children are fond of playing different computer games. This is a relatively new hobby but its becoming more and more popular.
Making things includes drawing, painting, making sculpture, designing costumes, handicrafts. Two of the most famous hobby painters were President Eisenhower and Sir Winston Churchill. Some hobbyists write music or play musical instruments.
Almost everyone collects something at some period in his life: stamps, coins, matchboxes, books, records, toys, watches. Some collections have no real velue. Others become so large and so valuable that they are housed in museums and galleries. Many world-famous collections started in a small way with one or tow items. People with a good deal of money often collect paintings, rare books and other art objects. Often such private collections are given to museums, libraries and public galleries so that other might take pleasure in seeing them.
No matter what kind of hobby a person has, he always has the opportunity of learning from it. By reading about the things he is interested in, he is adding to what he knows. Learning things can be the most exciting aspect of a hobby.
Text 2
My friends hobby
| M |
y friend Nick is very busy and he doesnt have much time to spare. But hes got a lot of hobbies and interests.
Five years ago Nick was fond of collecting stamps. His hobby helped him to learn a lot about other countries and other peoples traditions, the worlds flora and fauna. Maybe thats why he was good at geography and biology at school. He used to bring the albums to school and we examined his stamps with great interest and envy. Sometimes he examined stamps with his schoolmates.
When Nick was in the tenth from his parents bought him a compact disc player and Nick decided to collect compact discs. Today, he has got more than one hundred CDs of his favourite groups and singers! I think that he is very proud of his collection.
Every time Nick buys a new CD he carefully studies the information printed on disc booklets. He also tries to find out everything about the singers he likes. Thats why he reads a lot of specialized magazines and books on the history of rock.
Nick never misses MTV shows – he thinks he must keep up with the news in the world of music. He says he likes all types of music except “rave”.
He even writes letters to some fan-clubs in other countries, so he has to brush up his English.
Nick never misses a concert of his favourite group. He brings his compact discs to the concert and asks the singers for their autographs.
But in spite of his new hobby, Nick sometimes sits in his room and looks through his albums of stamps (with his earphones on, of course).
Text 3
My favourite singer
My favourite singer is Michael Jackson. I like his songs very much because they are full of energy and very melodic. I also like the way he dances.
There were nine children in Michaels family. They lived in a small four-room house. Today he lives in a house which has seventeen rooms downstairs and sixteen room upstairs. It stands in 2,700 acres of ground. Besides the house there are guest houses, a golf course, a swimming pool, tennis courts, stables, gardens, lakes, forests and a zoo.
A lot of strange stories are told about Jackson. Its difficult to decide whether they are true or not. Michael never gives interviews and is rarely seen in public, except on stage. Certainly his behavior may seem eccentric. In public he often wears a face mask to protect himself from germs, he sleeps inside an oxygen capsule, which he believes will help him to live longer. But his manager says that Jackson isnt eccentric. He is just shy. Michael sang in public for the first time when he was five. Since that time he has always been in the public eye. And since that time he has been working like a grown-up.
There were times when he came home from school and he only had time to put his books and get ready for the studio. He often sang until late at night, even if it was past his bedtime. There was a park across the street from the studio, and Michael looked at the kids playing games. And he just stared at them in wonder – he couldnt imagine such freedom, such a carefree life.
Now he says about himself that in the crowd he is afraid, on stage he is safe. Off stage he feels happiest with animals and children. He is well-known for his childish tastes. Its not a secret that his favorite hero is Peter Pan. Michael has been called “the child who never grew up”, but I think he is a grown-up who was never allowed to be a child.
Whether he is crazy, childish, eccentric or just shy, he is no fool. He has created a brilliantly successful image, he makes a lot of money and spends it on the things he wants. Who wouldnt like to do the same?
Список использованных источников
1 Картинный словарь современного английского языка./под ред. Д.Фиби - М.: Русский язык, 1985. -484с.
2 Мюллер В.К. Англо – русский словарь. [Текст]. В.К. Мюллер. – М.: Русский язык, 1981. – 890с.
3 Цветкова И.В., Клепаченко И.А., Мыльцева Н.А. Английский язык для школьников и поступающих в ВУЗы. [Текст]. И.В. Цветкова, И.А. Клепаченко, Н.А. Мыльцева. М.: из-во Глосса – Пресс, 2003. – 206с.
Read the dialogues. Work in pairs:
Dialogue 1
Pavel What are you doing after finishing school?
Mike Im working as turner at one of the factories.
Pavel When does your working day begin?
Mike Very early. I usually get up at half past six and leave for work at half past seven.
Pavel How long does it take you to get from home to the factory?
Mike About half an hour.
Pavel You surely made friends with some workmates, didnt you?
Mike Certainly, I did. Excellent chaps they are.
Pavel Do you get your dinner in the dining-hall (canteen) or at home?
Mike In the factorys dinning-hall, at noon we have an hours interval.
Pavel What are you doing after the working day is over?
Mike Sometimes I call on a friend of mine and sometimes I do a bit of reading. Very often I listen to music or wach TV.
Pavel I suppose you go to bed late, dont you?
Mike Oh, yes, at 12.
Dialogue 2
A What do you usually do after work, Susan?
B Oh, a lot of things. Theres always a lot of work to do about the house, washing up, doing the rooms, mending clothes.
A No, I dont mean that. Whats your favorite pastime?
B Again-nothing very special, Sometimes I read a little, watch TV or listen in. When Jane calls, we go to the cinema, very seldom, though, to the theater.
A I see. What about dancing? Do you like it?
B Oh, very. Actually Im crazy about dancing. Do you mean to sea well go to a dance?
A Yes, Id like to. Theres a very good band at the College Club.