Ознакомьтесь с терминами текста 2.
keyboard— клавиатура
key — клавиша; кнопка; переключатель; ключевой, основной; главный; переключать; набирать на клавиатуре
manipulator— манипулятор; блок обработки
trackball — трекбол
touch panel — сенсорная панель
graphic plotting tables — графические планшеты
sound card — звуковая карта (плата)
enable— разрешать; позволять; допускать; делать возможным
operating mode— режим работы press a button — нажать на кнопку
keep buttons depressed — удерживать кнопки в нажатом состоянии
double-click — двойное нажатие
erase images — удалить, стереть изображение (объект)
roller— ролик; валик
track — следить; прослеживать; проходить; след; траектория; путь; дорожка; соединение
by means of — посредством
permitting capacity — разрешающая способность
9. Прочтите текст и назовите приборы, которые служат для
введения информации в компьютер. Переведите текст.
INPUT DEVICES
There are several devices used for inputting information into the computer: a keyboard, some coordinate input devices, such as manipulators (a mouse, a track ball), touch panels and graphical plotting tables, scanners, digital cameras, TV tuners, sound cards etc.
When personal computers first became popular, the most common device used to transfer information from the user to the computer was the keyboard. It enables inputting numerical and text data. A standard keyboard has 104 keys and three more ones informing about the operating mode of light indicators in the upper right corner.
Later when the more advanced graphics became to develop, user found that a keyboard did not provide the design capabilities of graphics and text representation on the display. There appeared manipulators, a mouse and a track ball, that are usually used while operating with graphical interface. Each software program uses these buttons differently.
The mouse is an optic-mechanical input device. The mouse has three or two buttons which control the cursor movement across the screen. The mouse provides the cursor control thus simplifying user's orientation on the display. The mouse's primary functions are to help the user draw, point and select images on his computer display by moving the mouse across the screen.
In general software programs require to press one or more buttons, sometimes keeping them depressed or double-click them to issue changes in commands and to draw or to erase images. When you move the mouse across a flat surface, the ball located on the bottom side of the mouse turns two rollers. One is tracking the mouse's vertical movements, the other is tracking horizontal movements. The rotating ball glides easily, giving the user good control over the textual and graphical images.
In portable computers touch panels or touch pads are used instead of manipulators. Moving a finger along the surface of the touch pad is transformed into the cursor movement across the screen.
Graphical plotting tables (plotters) find application in drawing and inputtig manuscript texts. You can draw, add notes and signs to electronic documents by means of a special pen. The quality of graphical plotting tables is characterized by permitting capacity, that is the number of lines per inch, and their capability to respond to the force of pen pressing .
Scanner is used for optical inputting of images (photographies, pictures, slides) and texts and converting them into the computer form.
Digital videocameras have been spread recently. They enable getting video images and photographs directly in digital computer format. Digital cameras give possibility to get high quality photos.
Sound cards produce sound conversion from analog to digital form. They are able to synthesize sounds. Special game-ports and joysticks are widely used in computer games.
Ответьте на вопросы, используя информацию текста.
1. What devices are used for inputting information into the computer? 2. What was the most common device in early personal computers? 3. What is the function of a keyboard? 4. Why do many users prefer manipulators to keyboard? 5. How does the mouse operate? 6. What is its function? 7. What role does the ball on the bottom of the mouse play? 8. What is used in portable computers instead of manipulators? 9. What is the touch pad's principle of operation? 10. Where do graphical plotting tables find application?
11. Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих
словосочетаний:
Введение информации; координатные устройства ввода; манипуляторы; мышь; трекбол; сенсорная панель; графические планшеты; цифровые камеры; сканеры; ТВ тюнеры; стандартная клавиатура; числовая и текстовая информация; световые индикаторы; клавиши; режим работы; презентация текста на мониторе; графический интерфейс; программные средства; оптико-механическое "устройство ввода; управлять движением курсора; упрощать ориентацию пользователя на экране; указывать и выбирать изображения; удерживать кнопки в нажатом состоянии; двойное нажатие; стирать объекты; ровная поверхность; вращать ролики; следить за вертикальным движением; легко скользить; портативный компьютер; рукописный текст; посредством; разрешающая способность
12. Вспомните значение новых глаголов и переведите слова, производные от них.
То accomplish: accomplished; unaccomplished; accomplishment.
To adapt, adaptable; unadaptable; adaptability; unadaptabil-ity; adaptation; adapter.
To digitize: digit; digital; digitization; digitizer.
To erase: erasable; erasability; eraser; erasing; erasure.
To match: matcher; matching.
To permit: permitted; permissible; permissibility; permission.
To print: printable; printed; printer; printing;
To scan: scanning; scanner.
To recognize: recognition; recognizer; recognizable; unrecognizable.
To respond: response; responsible; irresponsible; responsibility; irresponsibility.
To reverse: reversed; reversible; irreversible; reversion; reversibility.
To transform: transformer; transformation; transformational; transformative
13. Проанализируйте предложения, содержащие конструк
ции "for + Infinitive" и "Objective with the Infinitive".
Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. It was not difficult for the pupils to understand the function of the mouse in computer operation. 2. There is no reason for computer experts to use computers of the first generation nowadays. 3. The mechanism is provided with special devices/or the whole system to function automatically. 4. The text was very interesting but rather difficult for the students to translate it without a dictionary. 5. It is not easy for me to learn to speak English fluently. 6. We know the machine to react to a series of electrical impulses that can be represented in binary numbers. 7. Scientists considered silicon to be one of the best materials for the creation of an 1С. 8. Wfe know all data to be translated into binary code before being stored in main storage. 9. Engineers expect these new devices to be tested very soon. 10. They want their son to become a computer operator and to design new computer models