Read, translate and learn the dialogue by heart
A TELEPHONE CALL
Alex is about to ring up a friend of his. He picks up the receiver and dials the number. The first time the line is engaged but then he gets through.
A: Bob?
B: Speaking.
A: This is Alex. Hello, old chap. Haven’t heard from you for ages. How are you?
B: Oh, hello, Alex. I’m fine, thanks.
A: Wonderful, I hear you passed all your entrance exams with excellent marks. So you are a student now, aren’t you?
B: Well yes, and you?
A: I wasn’t so luckyat the exams, in fact. I only got good marksin the main subjects: physics and maths.
B: I wonder if you find it difficult to study mathematics?
A: Rather. I spenda lot of time doing my home assignment. But I’m not at all sorry. You’ve got to work hard to make good progress.
В: Do you have time to go in for sports ?
A: Yes, of course, I joined the University sports society, as I’m fond of skating, skiing and tennis.
B: As for me, I’m a member of our English speaking club. I’ve joined our drama society and the choir. They sayI’m rather good atboth singing and acting.
A: Good, isn’t it? Hope to see you some day. Will you invite me to your club?
B: Sure.
A: By the way, I’ve got a new telephone number. It is now 235...
B: Just a second. I must have a pen to put it down. Yes?
A: So I repeat. 235-60-57. I’ll be expecting your call. Bye-bye.
B: So long, then.
Memorize the words and phrases out of the dialogue:
dial – набирать номер, диск
engage – занимать (линию)
the line is engaged (free) – линия занята (свободна).
get through – дозвониться
Hold the line, please – Не вешайте трубку, пожалуйста.
hang up – положить трубку
receiver – телефонная трубка
pick up a receiver – поднять трубку
They say – Говорят, …
X. Memorize the proverbs and sayings and use them in the situations of your own:
1. Live and learn.
2. It is never too late to learn.
3. Knowledge is power.
XI. Using the vocabulary of the lesson speak about:
1. Your working day
2. The best day of your life
3. A holiday spent with your friends or relatives
Just for Recognition
Bologna Process
The purpose of the Bologna process (or Bologna accords) is to create the European Higher Education Area by making academic degree standards and quality assurance standards more comparable and compatible throughout Europe, in particular under the Lisbon recognition Convention. It is named after the place it was proposed, the University of Bologna in the Italian city of Bologna, with the signing in 1999 of the Bologna declaration by Ministers of Education from 29 European countries. This was opened up to other countries signatory to other European Cultural Convention of the Council of Europe; further Governmental meetings have been held in Prague (2001), Berlin (2003), Bergen (2005) and London in spring 2007.
Before the signing of the Bologna declaration, the Magna Charta Universitatum had been issued at a meeting of University rectors celebrating the 900th anniversary of Bologna in 1988. One year before the Bologna declaration education ministers of France, Germany, Italy and UK signed the Sorbonne declaration in Paris 1988, committing themselves to “harmonizing the architecture of the European Higher Education system.”
The Council of Europe together with the members of the Europe Region of UNESCO have jointly prepared the Lisbon recognition convention on recognition of academic qualifications as part of the process, which has been ratified by the majority of the countries party to the Bologna process.
Our University became a member of Bologna process
ENVIRONMENT
I. Remember the following words:
1. acid rain
2. fossil fuel
3. pollution
4. to breathe
5. pure water
6. housing
7. shelter
8. harmful
9. to carry away
10. current
11. to settle over
12. to affect
13. lack
14. to reduce
15. efficient
16. to dump
17. waste
18. soil
19. to drain
20. garbage and trash
21. weeds
22. to pick up
23. to get rid of
24. to spread over
25. to pack down
26. a thick layer
Formulas for discussion:
Fortunately…/Unfortunately…
Do you mean that …
Frankly speaking…
It seems to me…
In my opinion/ To my mind
I’m of the same opinion.
That’s just what I was going to say
To begin with…
Sure/certainly.
To tell the truth…
I don’t agree with you/to smth.
I couldn’t say for sure.
I’m afraid I can’t agree.
If I’m not mistaken…
You are kidding!
кислотный дождь
ископаемое топливо
загрязнение
дышать
чистая вода
жилье
приют, укрытие
вредный
разносить
поток, течение
накрывать
влиять, воздействовать (на…)
недостаток
снижать, уменьшать
рациональный, эффективный
сбрасывать
отходы
почва
стекать
мусор и хлам
сорняки
подбирать
избавиться
распределить слоем
утрамбовать
толстый слой
К счастью…/к сожалению…
Вы считаете, что …
Откровенно говоря …
Мне кажется …
По моему мнению …
Я того же мнения.
Это как раз то, что я хотел сказать
Прежде всего…
Бесспорно.
Сказать по правде…
Я не согласен с Вами /с чем-либо
Я не мог бы сказать наверняка.
Боюсь, я не могу согласиться.
Если я не ошибаюсь…
Вы шутите!
II. Read and translate the text:
Environment
Ecology is a science which studies the relationship between all forms of life in our planet with its environment. This word came from the Greek “oikos” which means “home”.
The Earth is our home but much of this is dirty and dying. Man cuts down more and more trees to provide paper, wood, medicines, mineral fuel. But it isn’t only trees that are disappearing. Acid rains destroy animals, insects and flowers. The main reasons of environment problems are polluted air, polluted water, solid wastes and exhaust of natural resources.
Polluted air is a topical question of our planet. We need clean air to breathe, pure water to drink, food that is safe to eat and housing to shelter us. Air becomes polluted in many ways. Cars, tracks, buses and airplanes are among the worst polluters. Air can be also polluted by smoke and gases from factories. Dirt, smoke and gases in the air are usually carried away by wind and air currents or settle over as a blanket of smoke.
Unclean air causes different diseases. They usually affect older people. But everyone can fell uncomfortable and lack of energy when the air isn’t clean. Today factories use devices to reduce the smoke, dust or harmful gases. Special kinds of refined gasoline are efficient either.
Water pollution is caused by dumping wastes into the lakes, rivers and other bodies of water. Harmful wastes get into the soil or drain off fields that have been sprayed with pesticides. Pesticides are often used to kill insects and weeds in cities or on farms. Polluted water spreads many diseases.
Every day people throw away amazing amounts of garbage and trash that is picked up by garbage trucks. These machines take the garbage to the out-of-the way places. Sometimes the trash is burnt, causing the air pollution. But a more healthy way to get rid of solid wastes is to spread them over the land and pack them back down. After that a thick layer of earth can be put down over the garbage and trees and grass can be planted.
The world’s energy comes from oil, gas, and coal. But these “fossil fuels” won’t last for ever. There is only enough oil and gas for next fifty years. Coal will last longer – perhaps three hundred years. And then? There are four solutions: wind energy, solar energy, wave energy (from the sea), geothermal energy (from “hot rocks” under the ground). They are clean and natural, but expensive.
Today many scientists and world leaders realize that the Earth is in danger. It’s really very simple. Either we’ll stop killing or we’ll kill ourselves. We need a cleaner, healthier planet. Millions of ordinary people – both young and old - understand this too. And what do you do to solve environment problems?
III. Answer the following questions:
1. What does the word “ecology” mean?
2. What pollutes the air we breathe?
3. How can air pollution affect our health?
4. What can be done to help cut down air pollution?
5. How does water get polluted?
6. What is wrong with dumping garbage in open dumps?
7. What other healthy ways of getting rid of solid wastes do you know?
8. What is “acid rain”?
9. What can you say about environment problems in our country?
IV. Translate the following sentences into English:
1. Живя в обществе, мы можем решать проблемы сохранения своего здоровья только сообща.
2. Работающие предприятия коптят и дымят, причем некоторые газы, которые они выбрасывают в небо, могут оставаться невидимыми.
3. Отходы, которые сливают в реки, озера и другие водоемы, загрязняют воду.
4. Загрязненная вода – источник болезней.
5. Ежедневно люди выбрасывают невероятное количество мусора и хлама. Иногда этот хлам сжигается, загрязняя при этом воздух.
6. Запасов нефти и газа осталось лет на пятьдесят. Угля – побольше, а что потом?
V. Match the words:
1. medicine
2. lack
3. gasoline
4. bodies of water
5. efficient
6. community
7. harmful gases
8. blanket of smoke
9. amazing
10. ordinary
a. общество
b. поразительный
c. недостаток
d. отравляющее вещество
e. бензин
f. продуктивный
g. заурядный
h. водоемы
i. лекарства
j. пелена дыма
VI. Join the following definitions with correct answers:
1. the variety of a solid fuel
2. one of water bodies
3. illness (syn.)
4. water full of unhealthy substances
5. waste products
6. greenery
7. living creatures
8. the universe where people are able to live
9. ground
10. useless grass on the vegetable patch
a. weeds
b. garbage
c. animals, fish, insects
d. the Earth
e. coal
f. soil
g. disease
h. lake
i. bushes, grass, trees
j. polluted water
VIII. Read and translate.
DON’T BUY DRINKS IN PLASTIC BOTTLES
FACT: Americans use 2.5 mln plastic bottles every year. These bottles can’t be recycled and won’t ever degrade.
WHAT TO DO: Only buy soda and other drinks in aluminum cans or glass bottles. Buy milk or juice in cartons. Then recycle them.
USE PAPER NOT PLASTIC
FACT: It takes a whole tree to make about 500 paper grocery bags. But plastic bags are worse because they can’t be recycled, and the plastic will never decompose.
DON’T THROW OLD BATTERIES IN THE TRASH
FACT: Americans throw out 2.5 bln pounds of batteries a year. Toxic chemicals in batteries can be released into the environment, especially if they are burned.
WHAT TO DO: Save your old batteries and take them to a recycling centre.
TURN OUT THE LIGHTS AND APPLIANCES WHEN YOU ARE NOT USING THEM
FACT: The electric company burns coal to produce the energy that keeps your lights on. That burning coal gives off gases that cause the greenhouse effect and acid rain.
WHAT TO DO: Turn off the lights when you live the room, and turn off the lights in the room that you really don’t need. In the daytime, sit closer to the window to read instead of turning on a light. Turn off the TV or the stereo when you aren’t watching or listening.