Ex. 9. Study the different meanings of the following words and use them to translate the
sentences:
1. supply (n) 1. снабжение, поставка, получение, поступление
2. предложение
supplier - поставщик
supply (v) - снабжать, поставлять, доставлять, обеспечивать, предоставлять
to be in supply - поступать (или иметься) в достаточном количестве
to be in short supply - не хватать, иметься в недостаточном количестве, быть
дефицитным
1. The office will supply all necessary information.
2. Oil is in short supply.
3. Supply meets the demand.
4. Supply is “elastic” if it can be increased or decreased rapidly in response to market price.
5. The Seller guarantees that the equipment supplied is manufactured in full conformity (соответствии) with the description given in the technical documentation.
6. The suppliers haven’t effected delivery.
7. We can supply the goods from our main store.
2.cost(n) 1. цена, стоимость
2. себестоимость
cost (v) 1. стоить
2. назначать цену, оценивать
unit cost - себестоимость единицы продукции
below cost - ниже стоимости
cost of living - прожиточный минимум
costs of production – издержки производства, себестоимость продукции
at the cost of - стоимостью в; за счет чего-либо
at one’s cost - за чей-либо счет
1. It cost him a lot of money.
2. What will it cost to have it repaired?
3. If they reduce costs in manufacturing, that will put them in a strong position to adapt (приспосабливаться) to the market.
4. We can slowly increase production and it will eventually enable us to cut unit costs.
5. Expenses are the costs of operating the business.
Ex. 10. Translate the words and phrases given in brackets.
1. The higher price, the greater (побудительный мотив) to produce and sell the product. 2. An increase in (себестоимости продукции) will lead to increase in (предложение). 3. Most (производители) can make more than one product. 4. Shits in demand or supply will affect (рыночная цена). 5. Sometimes produces increase their (выпуск продукции) now to be in position (получить прибыль) later. 6. At the (сбалансированная рыночная цена) of a good, there can be neither (избыток), nor (дефицит) in the market.
Ex. 11. Fill in the gaps with prepositions.
1. The law _____supply describes a relationship _____________the price ______a good or service and how much sellers will offer ______ sale ______a specified time. 2. A change____ supply is a change ______the relationship ____________the price_____a good and the quantity supplied _____response______ the changes ______economic conditions. 3. ____the market equilibrium price_____a good, there can be_____________surpluses, ______shortages _____ the market.
Ex. 12. Give the English equivalents to the following words and phrases. Recollect the
Sentences of the text where they were used.
при прочих равных условиях ________________________________________
получать прибыль__________________________________________________
затраты на производство____________________________________________
совершенствование технологий______________________________________
перепрофилировать производство_____________________________________
сбалансированная цена______________________________________________
влиять на рыночную цену____________________________________________
дефицит___________________________________________________________
избыток___________________________________________________________
на рынке – равновесие спроса и предложения. _________________________
Ex. 13. What are the synonyms from the text of the words in italics?
1. At lower prices less will be produced and provided.
2. the number of a product
3. to make a benefit
4. the prices increase of decrease
5. the greater the motive
6. The changes that can influence the quantities . . .
7. producers may lower production
8. Adeficitexists in a market . . .
9. the quantity supplied is greater than the quantity demanded
Ex.14. To show that you understand given words, choose the best word to complete the
Sentences given below.
Producer– a person or business enterprise that generates goods or services for sale.
Product– something produced by effort, or some mechanical or industrial process.
Production – the process by which goods and services are made or prepared for sale and use.
Productive -creative, efficient.
Productivity – is the ability to produce goods and services. Productivity increases when a large amount of goods or services is produced by using the same amount of resources.
1. The publishing house’s new ______________ is a colour daily newspaper.
2. The plant _________________a new model of car every spring.
3. The __________________ of this worker has gone down over the last 5 years.
4. 486 computer is not as ________________ as Pentium III.
5. The _____________________ of computers make huge investments in their industries.
6. The Board of Governors of State of New York has come to a decision to decrease the ________________ of cheap products.