Fill in the missing words in the text below ( see task 4 part A). Translate this text into Ukrainian
There are two ways of ____________(1) consideration. Either the person making the ___________ (2) (the promisor) gains some right or ____________(3) in return for his promise, or else the person to whom the promise is ________(4) (the promisee) gives up some ___________(5) or benefit in return for the promise. Quite often, a sale is not ____________(6) immediately, but the property is held by a _____________(7). In this case, in return for the buyer's promise to ____________ (8) the deposit if he does not complete the ___________ (9), seller gives up the right to sell the property to someone else in the____________(10).
______________(11) can be money, ___________(12), rights, services, or the promise to do (or not to do) certain things. The promises the _____________ (13) make to one another may be sufficiently______________ (14) that the promises themselves constitute adequate ___________ (15). In such a case, the promises are said to have ____________ (16) of obligation.
Other Requirements. A contract cannot be ___________ (17) if its terms are so vague that no one can __________ (18 ) what to enforce. The contract could be ___________ (19) because of any of these uncertainties.
In order for a contract to be __________(20), the parties to it must be ___________ (21) to make it. A person cannot make a promise he cannot ______________ (22) because of some legal or other ______________ (23). An insane person is ________ (24) to make a binding agreement. A __________ (25) under age 18 does not have full ___________ (26) to contract. Such persons are ___________ (27) to enter into a binding contract. __________ (28) (incompetence) cannot be used to gain an unfair ___________(29). If a person under disability fulfills his part of a supposed ________
(30) the other party cannot __________(31) the agreement. Similarly, a minor may not be able to repudiate a _________ (32) where there would be unfair ________ (33) to the other party.
Fill in the blanks with prepositions.
1. Payment is to be made ... an irrevocable Letter of Credit to be opened ...favour ... the Sellers ... the London bank.
2. The marking ... the cases is to be done ... indelible ink ... sides ... each case.
3. The Buyers informed that the damage ... the goods was due ... inadequate packing.
4. If the Sellers fail to deliver the equipment .... due time all the expenses connected ... the dead freight, or demurrage will be charged ... the Sellers' account.
5. The Buyers are entitled to demand .... the Sellers payment ... penalty... delay... delivery... accordance ... Clause 5.
6. The tests ... the equipment are performed according the programme agreed ....... the parties.
7 ... this case, the time fulfillment ... the Contract obligations is extended ... the period equal ... that ...which such circumstances last.
8. All disputes and differences which may arise ... or ... connection ... the present Contract will be settled ... means of negotiations... the Parties.
9. The equipment has been manufactured ... full conformity ...the description and technical specification .. the Contract.
10. The Sellers will pay ... the Buyers penalty ... their first request.
9. Translate the given word-combinations into English and use them in the sentences that follow:
набувати чинності; без порушення прав; дата відвантаження; відiмeнi свого об'єднання; утримувати штраф; що надалі називається; затримувати виконання контракту; передавати cnip до арбітражу; по закінченні гарантійного періоду; відшкодувати уci збитки.
1. Brown and Co............... the "Sellers", on the one part, and Steel and Co......... the “Buyers" on the other part, have concluded the present contract.
2. 20 % of the value of the delivered equipment are to be paid............ .
3. The Sellers guarantee............. suffered by the Buyers.
4. The names of people entitled to sign documents................ abroad are published in the official journal.
5................ of the equipment is stated in Appendix 6 of the Contract.
6. The Buyers will.............. while effecting payments against invoices.
7. The equipment delivered can be employed by the Buyers............. .
8. If the Sellers.............. , the Buyers have the right to cancel the Contract.
9. The party which wishes .................. shall notify the other party by a registered letter.
10. All the amendments to the present contract........... only when signed by both Parties.
Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the underlined words.
Analyze
a/ By_____________ their results in some detail, the professors were able to reach some interesting conclusions.
b/ Investment __________ evaluate the investment merits of different stocks
and shares.
c/ If you work in financial management, you probably need to have an
____________mind.
Bankrupt
a/ During a recession, it is not uncommon for people to face ____________.
b/ We are almost __________because two of our major customers can't pay us.
3. bureaucracy
a/ Government departments, hospitals, and other large organizations can be very _______________.
b/ ____________ seem to enjoy giving you masses of paperwork to deal with.
c/'Red tape' is a derogatory term for excessive ______________.
4. character
a/ Fast-growing firms are often ___________by a strong corporate culture.
b/ The _________of an organization is formed, to some extent, by its leader.
c/ What are the ____________of a weak corporate culture?
Economy
a/ What sort of ___________ system do you have in your country?
b/ Strict financial controls ensure that an organization’s resources are used
__________________.
c/ Some countries have a mixed ___________ while others have a high degree of state control.
Innovate
a/ Sony has always been seen as an _________ ___ in the field of hi-fi
equipment.
b/ In certain areas of business - for example, high fashion - it is important to be ____________and keep coming up with new styles and original designs.
c/ ______________- or stagnate!
7. research
a/ Cambridge University has a worldwide reputation in the field of scientific
________________.
b/ Pierre works in our R & D department. He's one of ten ____________ .
c/ The effects of the factory environment on shop floor workers have been
extensively _____________ by a well-known industrial psychologist.
Theory
a/ The study was largely___________, and therefore of limited value to us.
b/ In ____________, there's no reason why we couldn't produce such a
revolutionary product, but the costs would probably be prohibitive.
WRITING