Higher education in Russia
Планы ответа. 21
Higher education in Russia. 21
Higher Education Abroad. 21
Moscow State Technical University. 22
Informatics and control systems faculty. 22
My Speciality. 22
Great Britain. 23
London. 23
The Russian Federation. 24
Moscow.. 24
Higher education in Russia.
#1
Higher education plays an important part in the life of any country as it provides - the country with highly qualified specialists for future development and progress. It trains young people to become teachers, engineers, doctors and other, specialist workers.
Russia has been a leading centre of culture, science and education in Europe since the 18 century. The higher education system in Russia has a distinguished reputation in the world. The standards of the higher education in Russia are considered to be one of the best in the world with advanced and sophisticated teaching methods and scientific approaches.
The academic year usually lasts 9 month and is divided into two terms. The first and second year students obtain thorough instructions in the fundamental sciences of mathematics, physics, chemistry and drawing as well as computer engineering, foreign languages, economics and a number of others.
At the third year students get more advanced knowledge and begin for concentrate on their major subjects. After four years students get a Bachelor's degree. Then the students may go on with their studies, in a year or two of further study and research get a Master's degree. After graduating from the University they may continue their study and research work and may get a still higher degree.
About 75 percent of students receive state grants and 15 percent are sponsored by enterprises. Universities have their own students' hostels and some of them have large and excellent sport centers.
There are many universities in Moscow. I am a student of Bauman Moscow State Technical University, called formerly Moscow Higher Technical School. It is one of the oldest and largest educational establishments in our country. It is well known both in our country and abroad. Very many outstanding scientists studied and worked at MHTS, among them Zhukovsky, Shukhov, Korolev and many others.
The names of our famous cosmonauts and designers, the graduates of our University, are well-known all over the world.
// Дальше из текста про Бауманку
#2 (из Орловской)
Higher education plays an important part in the life of any country as it provides the country with highly-qualified specialists for future development and progress. It trains people to become teachers, engineers, doctors and other professional workers.
In all the industrial countries standards of living are steadily changing; this means that the kind of education, which was good enough thirty years ago, is not necessarily good for them today. The serious need to find ways and means of ensuring continuous and thorough adoption of the universities to contemporary needs in our rapidly changing world is widely recognized. And this means that styles of teaching, quality of learning materials and organization of the university itself have to be continuously brought up to date and improved.
Besides, knowledge and information which comes through the mass media must also be taken into consideration. This information explosion has affected every field of study, especially, of course, in the natural and applied sciences and in all other sciences as well. The increase of information requires new methods and new approaches to students' training and instruction.
At present a new system of education is introduced in this country — a distance education system. This computer system of learning helps working professionals to continue their education while remaining at their jobs. This system enables people to get knowledge and a good foundation in the sciences basic to his or her field of study. Distance learning has developed over years5 from satellite video courses to modern videoconferencing through personal computers.
The academic year usually lasts 9 months and is divided into two terms (semesters). The first- and second-year students obtain thorough instructions in the fundamental sciences of mathematics, physics, chemistry and drawing as well as computer engineering and a number of others. The curricula are enriched and broadened6 by instructions in such subjects as foreign languages, history and economics.
At the third year students get more advanced knowledge and begin to concentrate on their special interests, so to say, their «major» subject and take many courses in this subject. Specialized study and courses will help students to become specialists and prepare them for their future work.
After four years students will get a bachelor's degree. Then the students may go on with their studies and in a year or two of further study and research get a master's degree. After graduating from the university they may go on with their study and research and may get a still higher degree.
About 75 percent of students receive state grants and 15 percent are sponsored by enterprises. Universities have their own students' hostels and some of them have large and excellent sport centers.
Education is a process through which culture is preserved, knowledge and skills are developed, values are formed, and information is exchanged.
Education is the way to success.
Higher Education Abroad
Higher education abroad is a broad topic to speak on.I'd like to tell you about higher education in Great Britain.
When higher education of Great Britain is being spoken about, the University education is generally meant. But in fact there is a considerable amount of past-school education, including part-time as well as full-time studies carried on in technical colleges, teacher training colleges, art colleges, institutes of adult education and so on. There are some 90 universities, which enjoy academic freedom. Every University is autonomous and responsible to its governing body. The regulations differ from University to University. While there are similarities between them, they all differ from Oxford and Cambridge, where there are a number of separate colleges, each with their own regulations and courses of studies. University teaching combines lectures, practical classes and small group teaching in either seminars or tutorials. The last is a traditional feature of the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge.
Oxford and Cambridge are the two oldest English universities and they both have a long and eventful history of their own. Oxford and Cambridge are regarded as being academically superior to other universities and as giving special privilege and prestige. Cambridge University consists of a group of 32 independent colleges. The first students came to the city in 1209 and studied in the schools of the cathedral and monasteries.
The head of the University is the chancellor who is elected for life. The teachers are commonly
called "dons" and "tutors". The system of individual tuition implies that each student has a tutor
who guides him through the whole course of studies. The tutor plans the student's work and once
a week the student goes to his tutor to discuss his work with him. The training course lasts 4
years. The academic year is divided into 3 terms. The students study natural and technical
sciences, law, history, languages, and many other subjects. •
After 3 years of study a student may proceed to a Bachelor's degree, and later to the degrees of Master and Doctor. Students are required to wear gowns at lectures, in the University library, in the street in the evening, for dinners in the colleges and for official visits. The students have to pay fees and living costs, but every student may obtain a personal grant from local authorities. If the parents do not earn much money, their children will receive a full grant which will cover all the expenses. Most Oxbridge students come from public (частные!) schools, and Oxbridge graduates often go on to become influential and powerful in British society.
Each college has its own character and individuality. The universities have over a hundred societies and clubs. The Boat Race,also known as the University Boat Raceis a rowing race between the Oxford University Boat Club and the Cambridge University Boat Club. It is rowed annually each spring on the Thames in London. The event is a popular one, not only with the alumni of the universities, but also with rowers in general and the public. Among the famous alumni of Oxbridge are Erasmus, the great Dutch scholar, Bacon, the philosopher, Milton and Byron, the poets, Newton and Darwin , the scientists, Margaret Thatcher and Tony Blair, the politicians.
Cambridge (у некоторых, говорят, спрашивали)
Cambridge is one of the two main universities of England which is located at the Cam River. It was founded at the beginning of the 12th century. The University consists of (состоит из) 24 different colleges including 4 colleges for women. Each college is self-governing (самоуправляется).
The head of the University is the chancellor who is elected for life. The teachers are commonly called «dons» and «tutors». Part of the teaching is by means of lectures organized by the University Besides lectures teaching is carried out by tutorial system for which Cambridge University is famous all over the world. This is a system of individual tuition (обучения) organized by the colleges.
Each student has a tutor who practically guides him through the whole course of studies. The tutor plans the student's work and once a week the student goes to his tutor to discuss his work with him. The training course lasts 4 years. The academic year is divided into 3 terms. The students study natural and technical sciences, law, history, languages, geography and many other subjects.
After three years of study a student may proceed (получить ученую степень) to a Bachelor's degree, and later to the degrees of Master and Doctor. Students are required to wear gowns (мантия) at lectures, in the University library, in the street in the evening, for dinners in the colleges and for official visits. All the students must pay for their education, examinations, books, laboratories, university hostel, the use of libraries, etc. Very few students get grants. Not many children from the working class families are able to get higher education, as the cost is high. The cost of education depends on the college and speciality.
A number of great men, well-known scientists and writers studied at Cambridge. Among them are: Erasmus, the great Dutch scholar, Bacon, the philosopher, Milton and Byron, the poets, Cromwell, the soldier, Newton and Darwin, the scientists.
Higher education in USA
(возможно пригодиться, чтобы не все ответы были чисто про Великобританию и Кембридж)
Higher education in USA lures students from all parts of the world. It takes a lot of preparation to get into any one of the American universities. Most of these schools or colleges have their own standards for testing the student's skills and knowledge. A student aspiring to study in the USA can admission as an undergraduate, graduate or a post graduate student.
Generally, it takes four years of undergraduate study to earn a Bachelors degree. 1st Year is called Freshman Year, 2nd Year - Sophomore Year, 3rd Year - Junior Year, 4th Year - Senior Year. Students in senior year are also called as "Upperclassmen".
There are various subjects you can choose to study in an undergraduate college. The first two years mostly cover general subjects. A junior year student must choose a "major" field of study. They must take a certain number of courses in their field. In some schools, students also choose a "minor" field. There is usually time for students to choose several other "elective" (extra) courses in other subjects. Each student is assigned a "faculty advisor", who teaches their major subjects, and also assists them to select a particular program of study.
An international student will also have an "International Student Advisor" who helps them to adjust to U.S. life, handles visa and other paperwork problems. They also organize activities for them.
Masters degree is usually required in fields such as Engineering, Library science, Business Administration or Social work. Mostly masters degree is a 2 year program, but some subjects like journalism, may need just one year. A Doctorate degree (Ph.D.) usually takes five to seven years to complete. Unlike undergraduates, graduate students begin specialized study from the first day.
Also there are many specific courses/training programs for professional subjects. Some of them include Printing technology, Orthoptics, fashion and textile technology.