Possible errors and complications during resorcinol-formalin and silvering methods
Tooth after resorcinol-formalin method becomes pink, when piercing the apex of the root resorcinol-formalin mixture irritates periodontal tissue. As the clinical experience, teeth treated with resorcinol-formalin method, become brittle, soldered to the surrounding bone, which creates problems when the need for their extraction.
Negative side of silvering method is not sufficiently reliable disinfection of unextracted pulp or its collapse, as albuminates silver formed mainly on the surface and deep in the tissues, where the silver does not penetrate and remain vital pathogenic microorganisms that can cause the development of inflammatory complications of apical periodontitis. Other shortcomings method are silvering tooth staining in dark gray color and silver nitrate irritating when the penetration of its apical foramen.
Electrophoresisisa method of electrotherapy, consisting in the administration medicinal substances an organism in the form of ions through intact tissues by continuous or pulsed current. Root canals are and extend about 2/3 length. After this, one of the canals placed aqueous suspension of copper hydroxide-calcium injected needle electrode, the electric circuit and performs the procedure. Then similarly produce processing other canals. After the end of the course the remark electrophoresis canals specific alkaline containing copper, cement.
The mechanism of therapeutic action is as follows electrophoresis general. During the procedure, under a constant electric current, the hydroxyl ions (OH-) ions [Cu (BID-enter the apical part as the "main" canal, and in the deltoid branches. In the lumen of the canals of copper hydroxide-calcium accumulates partially precipitated and lines the wall. In the apical holes in the neutral medium is the decay of ions hydrooxiapat and transition them into poorly soluble hydroxide, copper II, which also precipitates. In this form the "copper tubes, which securely obdurate all outputs apical deltas at the root surface.
As a result, the processes described in the lumen of the canal and surrounding tissues, the following phenomena:
1. Destruction of soft tissue located in the lumen of the canal and apical. Decomposition products are eliminated in the periapical tissue and resorbed by the body.
2. Sterilization of the lumen "main" canal, and apical deltas due to the strong bactericidal action of the drugs.
3. Covering walls and the establishment of depots of copper hydroxide-calcium under-filled part of the "main" canal, as well as from the deltoid.
Application electrophoresis copper hydroxide-calcium shown in the first place in the endodontic treatment of teeth with root canals impassable. In addition, this method is recommended if you have a strong infection of the contents of the canal, broke off an instrument in the functional (without leaving a tip), in case of unsuccessful treatment of a tooth methods in the presence of a wide apical opening. On par with this, electrophoresis recommended for use in the method of vital pulp extirpation (requires special labor capacious enough techniques). Recommendation for using of electrophoresis. Institute of teeth previously treated with resorcinol-formalin method, in our view, is controversial and requires further study. This is due to but the fact that, as we know, resorcinol-formalin mixture of electric current does not hold, so full permeation of the apical canal copper-calcium hydroxide in the process electrophoresis, under the action of condition of electric current, it is hardly possible.
CONTROL QUESTIONS:
1. What is mummification and impregnation?
2. Indications for use and reagents for the resorcinol-formalin method
3. Technique of resorcinol-formalin method.
4. Indications for use and reagents for the silvering method.
5. Technique of silvering method.
6. Possible errors and complications during resorcinol-formalin and silvering methods.
7. Indications for use and technique of electrophoresis of root canals.
HOMEWORK:
Independent out-of-classwork
1. Write down reagents for the resorcinol-formalin and silvering method.
2. Write down reagents for the electrophoresis of root canals.
Tests for self-monitoring and self-correction the original level of knowledge:
1. Resorcinol-formalin method can use in:
A. acute periodontitis,
B. chronic fibrous pulpitis,
C. any form of chronic periodontitis with impassable root canals,
D. drug-toxic periodontitis,
E. acute pulpitis.
2. Best effect in the treatment of impassable root canals is:
A. electrophoresis
B. diathermocoagulation
C. electrophoresis
D. resorcinol-formalin method
E. silvering method
3. What is the main disadvantage of materials based on resorcinol-formalin?
A. Coloring of dental hard tissues,
B. Solubility in the tissue fluid,
C. Adhesion to the walls of the cavity,
D. Stimulation of tissue regeneration of periodontum,
E. Easy filling of root canals.
4. What are the consequences of removing of resorcinol-formalin material through the top of the root of the tooth in the periodontal tissues?
A. Coloring of dental hard tissues,
B. Necrosis of periodontal tissues,
C. Depressurization of the root canal,
D. Stimulation of tissue regeneration of periodontal tissues,
E. Hypercementosis.
5. What is the main disadvantage of the silvering method?
A. Stimulation of tissue regeneration of periodontal tissues,
B. Very hard refilling of the root canals,
C. Coloring of dental hard tissues,
D. Solubility in the tissue fluid,
E. Hypercementosis.
6. The composition of resorcinol-formalin mixture:
A. Resorcinol, formalin,
B. 30 % solution of silver nitrate,
C. 4 % hydroquinone,
D. Resorcinol, formalin, solution of Natrii caustici,
E. Iodine-potassium iodide.