Exercise 17. Translate the text D in written

Text D Warm vs. cool colors

The distinction between warm and cool colors has been important since at least the late 18th century. It is generally not remarked in modern color science or colorimetry in reference to painting, but is still used in design practices today. The contrast, as traced by etymologies in the Oxford English Dictionary, seems related to the observed contrast in landscape light, between the "warm" colors associated with daylight or sunset and the "cool" colors associated with a gray or overcast day. Warm colors are often said to be hues from red through yellow, browns and tans included; cool colors are often said to be the hues from blue green through blue violet, most grays included. There is historical disagreement about the colors that anchor the polarity, but 19th century sources put the peak contrast between red orange and greenish blue.

Color theory has described perceptual and psychological effects to this contrast. Warm colors are said to advance or appear more active in a painting, while cool colors tend to recede; used in interior design or fashion, warm colors are said to arouse or stimulate the viewer, while cool colors calm and relax. Most of these effects, to the extent they are real, can be attributed to the higher saturation and lighter value of warm pigments in contrast to cool pigments. Thus, brown is a dark, unsaturated warm color that few people think of as visually active or psychologically arousing.

Compare the traditional warm–cool association of color with the color temperature of a theoretical radiating black body, where the association of color with temperature is reversed. For instance, the hottest stars radiate blue light (i.e., with shorter wavelength and higher frequency) and the coolest radiate red.

 

X. Oral Practice

Exercise 18. Make up the dialogues of your own on the following situations. Dramatize them. Use phrases from Table 1 (Appendix)

Situation 1

Your friend and you are discussing the importance of color harmony and the development of your own color scheme.

Situation 2

You are hunting for a job as a web designer in one of design agencies. Tell about your techniques of using colors in your designs. Try to convince that you’ve got the best color scheme.

Exercise 19. Project work. Prepare a report.

1. “The basics of color wheel. ”

2. “Designer’s tool for creating the harmonies.”

 

Appendix

Table 1

Conversational formulas
Greetings Possible answers
How do you do? Good morning/afternoon/evening How do you do? Good morning/afternoon/evening
What luck running into you! Very glad to see you again, Mr. N. I have not seen you for ages! Nice(pleased) to meet you.
How are you? How’s life? Thank you, very well Thanks, not bad( could be better) So-so Bright Great Never better Quite well, thanks
Clarifying
May I ask you to explain …? Am I right in thinking that …? Do I understand you correctly that …? Would you please repeat…? May I ask you about … ? There is a question I should like to ask you.
Making suggestion
How about ...? What about …? Now, if you don’t mind … . Would you mind my asking you to ?
Thanking people
Thanks! I am very much obliged to you! I am very grateful to you! You have done me a favour. That’s all right. Don’t mention it. You are welcome. It’s a pleasure.
Saying good-bye
Good – bye Good – bye and good luck!   See you later! See you tomorrow!  

Table 2

Painters and their craft Художники та їхня майстерність
portrait/landscape/seascape/ canvas/painting/ still life/fresco/ engraving/self-portrait портрет/пейзаж/ марина/полотно/картина/ натюрморт/ гравюра/ автопортрет/
to paint(to execute/ to portray)from nature/ imagination малювати з натури/уявлення
to paint mythological/historical subjects/ малювати міфологічні/історичні сюжети
to reveal the person's nature показувати сутність людини
to portray people/emotions with moving sincerity/with restraint зображати людей/емоції з зворушливою щирістю/ стриманістю
to develop one's own style of painting розробляти свій власний стиль живопису
to break with the tradition порвати з традицією (відійти від традиції)
Painting. Genres Живопис. Жанри
an oil painting, a water-colour/pen-and-ink drawing/pencil sketch/ pastel picture картина, написана олійними фарбами, акварель, малюнок зроблений олівцем та чорнилом, ескіз олівцем/пастель
a family group/ceremonial/intimate portrait сімейний /офіційний/ососбистий портрет
a shoulder/full-length/half-length/ portrait портрет по плечі/на весь зріст/по пояс
Composition and drawing Композиція та малюнок
in the foreground(middle ground)/background, in the top/bottom/left-hand corner на передньому плані/задньому, в верхньому/нижньому/лівому кутку
to indicate the sitter's profession вказувати професію натурника
to be posed/ silhouetted against an open sky позувати/ бути зображеним проти відкритого неба
Colouring. Light and shade effects Забарвлення. Світлові та тіньові ефекти
the colours may be cool and restful/hot /soft and delicate/dull/ oppressive/ harsh кольори можуть бути прохолодні та заспокійливі/ гарячі /м’які та витончені/ тьмяні/ гнітючі/ грубі
to combine form and colour into harmonious unity об’єднувати форму та колір в гармонійну єдність
Impression. Judgement Враження. Оцінка
the picture may be moving/ lyrical/ romantic/ original/ poetic in tone and atmosphere/ an exquisite piece of painting,/an unsurpassed -masterpiece картина може бути зворушлива/ лірична/ романтична/ своєрідна/ поетична за тоном та атмосферою/ вишукана картина живопису/ неперевершений шедевр
the picture may be dull/ crude/ chaotic/depressing/ disappointing/ heap and vulgar картина може бути безрадісна/ необроблена (сира)/ хаотична/ гнітюча/ невтішна/ дешева та вульгарна

Table 3

Notable draftsmen
  • Notable draftsmen of the 14th, 15th and 16th centuries include Leonardo da Vinci, Albrecht Dürer, Michelangelo, Raphael, and Donatello.
  • Notable draftsmen of the 17th century include Claude, Nicolas Poussin, Rembrandt, Guercino, and Peter Paul Rubens.
  • Notable draftsmen of the 18th century include Jean-Honoré Fragonard, Giovanni Battista Tiepolo, and Antoine Watteau.
  • Notable draftsmen of the 19th century include Paul Cézanne, Aubrey Beardsley, Jacques Louis David, Pierre-Paul Prud'hon, Edgar Degas, Théodore Géricault, Francisco Goya, Jean Ingres, Odilon Redon, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, Honoré Daumier, and Vincent van Gogh.
  • Notable draftsmen of the 20th century include Käthe Kollwitz, Max Beckmann, Jean Dubuffet, Egon Schiele, Arshile Gorky, Paul Klee, Oscar Kokoschka, Alphonse Mucha, M. C. Escher, André Masson, Jules Pascin, and Pablo Picasso.

 

 

Keys:

Unit I

Exercise 18.

  1. Fresco painting – B
  2. Water colour painting – H
  3. Secco painting –K
  4. Gouach – J
  5. Pastel – A
  6. Tempera – D
  7. Oil paint –E
  8. Encaustic painting –F
  9. Acrylic – C
  10. Vinyl - G

 

Список рекомендованої літератури

1. Painting. /Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. - Режим доступу:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Painting.

2. Drawing. /Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. - Режим доступу:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drawing.

3. Composition. /Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. - Режим доступу:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composition.

4. Color wheel. /Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. - Режим доступу:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color wheel.