Individual pathways of amino acid metabolism

1. Indicate the right answer

Amino acid, the formula of which is shown in the figure

A. glycine

B. methionine

C. tryptophan

D. cysteine

E. threonine

2. Indicate the right answer

Amino acid whose formula is shown in the figure

A. glycine

B. methionine

C. tryptophan

D. cysteine

E. threonine

3. Indicate the rightright answer

Individual pathway of amino acid metabolite whose formula is shown in the figure

A. glycine

B. methionine

C. tryptophan

D. cysteine

E. threonine

4. Indicate theright right answer

Individual pathway of amino acid metabolite whose formula is shown in the figure

A. S-adenosylmethionine

B. homocysteine

C. S-adenosylhomocysteine

D. adenosine

E. proline

5. Indicate theright right answer

Individual pathway of amino acid metabolite whose formula is shown in the figure

A. homocysteine

B. cystathionine

C. cysteine

D. homoserine

E. serine

6. Indicate theright right answer

Individual pathway of amino acid metabolite whose formula is shown in the figure

A. cysteine

B. serine

C. homocysteine

D. cystathionine

E. homoserine

7. Indicate theright right answer

Individual pathway of amino acid metabolite whose formula is shown in the figure

A. serine

B. homoserine

C. cysteine

D. homocysteine

E. cystathionine

8. Indicate theright right answer

Individual pathway of amino acid metabolite whose formula is shown in the figure

A. 5-hydroxytryptophan

B. 5-methyltryptamine

C. serotonin

D. melanin

E. melatonin

9. Indicate theright right answer

Individual pathway of amino acid metabolite whose formula is shown in the figure

A. serotonin

B. 5-methyltryptamine

C. 5-hydroxytryptophan

D. melatonin

E. melanin

10. Indicate theright right answer

Individual pathway of amino acid metabolite whose formula is shown in the figure

A. melanin

B. melatonin

C. 5-hydroxytryptamine

D. serotonin

E. 5-hydroxytryptophan

11. Indicate theright right answer

Individual pathway of amino acid metabolite whose formula is shown in the figure

+ O ₂

A. S-adenosylmethionine

B. cysteine sulfonic acid

C. b-sulfinylpyruvate

D. pyruvate

E. oxidized glutathione

12. Indicate theright answer

The metabolite of individual ways of amino acid metabolism as a result of this reaction

A. oxidized glutathione

B. taurine

C. cysteine sulfonic acid

D. tsisteinsulfinat

E. S-adenosylmethionine

F. b-sulfinylpyruvate

13. Indicate theright answer

The metabolite of individual ways of amino acid metabolism as a result of this reaction

A. creatinine

B. creatine

C. glycocyamine

D. phosphocreatine

E. ornithine

14. Indicate theright answer

The metabolite of individual ways of amino acid metabolism as a result of this reaction

A. creatinine

B. ornithine

C. creatine

D. phosphocreatine

E. glycocyamine

15. Name the substance which can be directlysynthesised from serine

A. taurine

B. urea

C. glycine

D. cysteine

E. creatine

16. Name the products of tryptophan metabolism in hepatocytes

A. ketone bodies and cholesterol

B. nicotinamide and kynurenine

C. glucose and galactose

D. epinephrine and nor-epinephrine

E. fumaric acid and acetoacetate

17. Indicate right answer

The metabolite of individual ways of amino acid metabolism as a result of this reaction

A. glycocyamine

B. cystathionine

C. homoserine

D. serine

E. cysteine

18. Indicate right answer

The metabolite of individual ways of amino acid metabolism as a result of this reaction

A. glycocyamine

B. cystathionine

C. homoserine

D. serine

E. cysteine

19. Indicate several right t answers

The metabolites of individual ways of amino acid metabolism as a result of this reaction

+ H ₂ O

A. cystathionine

B. cysteine

C. homoserine

D. serine

E. glycocyamine

20. Indicate the right answer

The metabolite of individual ways of amino acid metabolism as a result of this reaction

A. serotonin

B. 5-hydroxytryptophan

C. melatonin

D. tryptophan

E. 5-hydroxytryptamine

21. Indicate the right answer

The metabolite of individual ways of amino acid metabolism as a result of this reaction

A. tryptophan

B. 5-hydroxytryptamine

C. 5-hydroxytryptophan

D. serotonin

E. melatonin

22. Indicate the right answer

The metabolite of individual ways of amino acid metabolism as a result of this reaction

+ CH ₃ -SOSKoA

A. Serotonin

B. 5-hydroxytryptophan

C. 5-hydroxytryptamine

D. melatonin

E. tryptophan

23. Glycine takes part in the synthesis of

A. melatonin and serotonine

B. creatine and heme

C. epinephrine and melanine

D. heme and histamine

E. taurine and serine

24. Matching

Match the following amino acids with their products in the reaction of transamination

Amino acids Products

4. alanine A. oxaloacetate

5. aspartic acid B. pyruvate

6. glutamic acid C. α-ketoglutarate

D. phenylpyruvate

E. α-ketobutyric acid

25. Which of the following amino acids are required forthe synthesis of creatine ?

A. arginine, aspartate, methionine

B. arginine, glycine, methionine

C. arginine, lysine, methionine

D. glycine, aspartate, ornithine

E. serine, methionine, cysteine

26. Methionine methyl group is used for the synthesis of

A. epinephrine

B. creatine

C. serotonine

D. none of the above mentioned

E. all of the above mentioned

27. The sythesis of epinephrine from nor-epinephrine occurs as aoxidative deamination

A. decarboxylation

B. methylation

C. acetylation

28. Name the amino acid which is used for the synthesis of catecholamines

A. valine

B. phenylalanine

C. alanine

D. histidine

E. threonine

29. Glycine can be directly synthesized from

A. serine

B. phenylalanine

C. alanine

D. valine

E. histidine

30. Cysteine can be synthesized from methionine withthe participation of

A. threonine

B. serine

C. glycine

D. lysine

E. leucine

31. Carbamoyl phosphate and ornithine are substrates for the synthesis of

A. fumarate

B. arginine

C. citrulline

D. aspartate

E. ornithine

32. Matching

Match the following amino acids with their products

Amino acidsProducts

1. tyrosine A. fumaric acid

2. tryptophane B. melatonine

C. nicotinamide

D. thyroxin

E. melanine

33. Matching

Match the following

1. The products of oxidative deamination A. α-ketoacids

2. The products of decarboxylation reaction B. amines

3. Intermediate product of transdeamination C. NH₃

reaction D. α-ketohydroxyacids

E. CO₂

F. glutamate

34. Matching

Match the following amino acids with their products

Amino acids Products

1. triptophan A. melatonine

2. phenylalanine B. taurine

3. cysteine C. sulfuric acid

D. epinephrine

E. serotonine

35. The given metabolites are used for the synthesis of

1. Methyl-THFA A. epinephrine

2. Formyl-THFA B. purine bases

C. lecitine

D. pyrimidine bases

E. creatine

36. Glycine is involved in the synthesis of

A. nonepinephrine and epinephrine

B. creatine and heme

C. nicotinamide and serotonine

D. heme and glucose

E. serotonine and cysteine

37. Indicatethe right answer

Metabolite individual ways of amino acid metabolism as a result of this reaction

38. Indicate the right answer

Metabolite individual ways of amino acid metabolism as a result of this reaction

39. Indicate the several correct answers

Amino acids individual pathway shown in the figure

A. serine

B. glycine

C. arginine

D. cysteine

E. methionine

40. Indicate the right answer

Individual pathway of amino acids shown in the figure

A. cysteine

B. arginine

C. phenylalanine

D. methionine

E. tryptophan

41. Indicate the several correct answers

Biologically active compounds shown in the figure

A. melanin

B. histamine

C. melatonin

D. serotonin

E. taurine

42. Choose for illustration

Mark the reaction proceeding in thekidney

43. Choose for illustration

Designate the reactions occuring in the liver

44. Choose for illustration

Designate the reactions forming cystathioninein individual pathwaysofamino acid metabolism

45. Choose for illustration

Mark the reaction of homoserine and cysteineformation in individual pathwaysof the amino acid metabolism

46. Choose for illustration

Mark the reaction blockwhich results in homocystinuria

47. Choose for illustration

Mark the reaction block which results in cystathioninuria

48. Choose for illustration

Mark the reaction of creatine formation in the metabolism of amino acids individual pathway

49. Choose for illustration

Mark the reaction of creatine phosphate formation in amino acid metabolism individual pathway

50. Choose for illustration

Mark the reaction of creatinine formation in the metabolism of amino acids individual pathway

51. Choose to object the illustrations

Mark the reaction of 5-hydroxytryptophan formation in the metabolism of amino acids individual pathway

52. Choose to object the illustrations

Mark the reaction of 5-hydroxytryptamineformation in the metabolism of amino acids individual pathway

53. Choose to object the illustrations

Mark the reaction of serotoninformation in the metabolism of amino acids individual pathway

54. Choose to object the illustrations

Mark the reaction of melatonin formation in individual pathwayof amino acid metabolism

55. Choose to object the illustrations

Mark the reaction which is a coenzyme in the individual pathwayof amino acid metabolism

56. Choose to object the illustrations

Mark the reaction coenzyme that is an active form of vitamin B ₆in individual pathwayof amino acid metabolism

57. Indicate several correct answers

Methionine participates in the formation of

A. serotonin

B. acetoacetate

C. methyl groups

D. glucose

E. nicotinamide

F. melatonin

G. cysteine

58. Indicateseveral correct answers

Compounds that are formed from glycine

A. taurine

B. purine bases

C. heme

D. serine

E. creatine

59. Indicateseveral correct answers

The role of tryptophan in the biochemical processes

A. the formation of porphyrins

B. choline synthesis

C. melatonin synthesis

D. the synthesis of serotonin

E. nicotinamide synthesis

60. Indicatethe right answer

Amino acids involved in the methylation reaction

A. tyrosine

B. leucine

C. valine

D. isoleucine

E. methionine

61. Indicateseveral correct answers

Synthesis of cysteine implemented with the participation of amino acids

A. glycine

B. serine

C. methionine

D. arginine

E. tryptophan

62. Indicateseveral correct answers

Serine is used to synthesize

A. cysteine

B. pyrimidine bases

C. epinephrine

D. methionine

E. acetylcholine

F. phosphatidylcholine

63. Indicateseveral correct answers

Compounds that are formed from glycine

A. taurine

B. serine

C. heme

D. cysteine

E. creatine

F. uric acid

Metabolism of nucleotides

1. Indicatethe correct answer

The secondary structure of nucleic acids stabilize

A. peptide

B. disulfide

C. hydrogen

D. hydrophobic

E. ester bonds

2. Indicateseveral correct answers

Sources of nitrogen atoms for the synthesis of the purine ring

A. glycine

B. ammonia

C. alanine

D. aspartate

E. glutamine

3. Indicate right answer

Final degradation product of purine bases

A. xanthine

B. hypoxanthine

C. uric acid

D. urea

E. β - alanine

4. Indicateseveral correct answers

Nucleic acids contain three pyrimidine bases

A. uracil

B. cytosine

C. thymine

D. guanine

E. adenine

5. Indicateseveral correct answers

Two purine nucleosideswhich are found in nucleic acids

A. adenosine

B. guanosine

C. thymine

D. adenine

E. guanine

6. Indicate the right answer

The final product of catabolism of adenine is

A. uric acid

B. β-alanine

C. α-alanine

D. α-aminoizobutirat

E. β-aminoizobutirat

7. Indicate the right answer

The final product of guanine catabolism is

A. uric acid

B. β-alanine

C. α-alanine

D. α-aminoizobutirat

E. β-aminoizobutirat

8. Indicate the right answer

The final product of cytosine catabolism is

A. uric acid

B. β-alanine

C. α-alanine

D. α-aminoizobutirat

E. β-aminoizobutirat

9. Indicate the right answer

The final product of catabolism of thymine is

A. uric acid

B. β-alanine

C. α-alanine

D. α-aminoizobutirate

E. β-aminoizobutirate

10. Indicate the right answer

Nucleoside phosphorylated at one of the hydroxyl group called pentose

A. nucleosome

B. transkrypton

C. nucleoside

D. nucleotide

E. primer

11. Indicatethe correct statement

A. the nucleotide sequence of DNA from different species varies

B. the nucleotide sequence of the DNA in this species does not change with age

C. the nucleotide sequence of the DNAin closely related species is identical

D. the nucleotide sequence of DNA of closely related species is identical and constantly changing with vozratom

E. none of the above mentioned

12. Indicateseveral correct answers

Amino acids required for the biosynthesis of pyrimidine ring are

A. glutamine

B. serine

C. glycine

D. tyrosine

E. aspartic acid

13. Indicateseveral correct answers

Amino acids necessary for the biosynthesis of adenine and guanine are

A. glutamine

B. serine

C. glycine

D. aspartic acid

E. tyrosine

14. Indicateseveral correct answers

Amino acids used in the biosynthesis of nitrogen bases of nucleic acids are

A. glycine

B. serine

C. cysteine

D. glutamine

E. glutamate

15. Indicateseveral correct answers

Histone characteristic feature is a high content of such amino acids as

A. arginine

B. glycine

C. glutamate

D. alanine

E. lysine

16. Indicateseveral correct answers

RNA in cells are localized in

A. nucleus

B. cytoplasm

C. ribosome

D. lysosomes

E. all of the above mentioned

17. Specify the following

nitrogenous base of purine derivative		adenosine triphosphate
nitrogenous base of pyrimidine derivative	RNA
nucleoside	adenosine
nucleotide	adenine
nucleic acid	uracil
	DNA

18. Indicatethe right answer

Nitrogenous bases of purine derivatives is

A. adenosine triphosphate

B. RNA

C. adenosine

D. adenine

E. uracil

19. Indicatethe right answer

Pyrimidine derivative of nitrogenous bases in adenosine triphosphate is

A. RNA

B. adenosine

C. adenine

D. uracil

20. Indicate the right answer

A nucleoside is

A. adenosine triphosphate

B. RNA

C. adenosine

D. adenine

E. uracil

21. Indicate the right answer

Nucleotides are

A. adenosine triphosphate

B. RNA

C. adenosine

D. adenine

E. uracil

22. Indicate the right answer

State nitrogenous bases that are absent in RNA

A. adenine

B. guanine

C. cytosine

D. thymine

E. uracil

23. ndicate the right answer

State nitrogenous bases that are absent in the DNA

A. adenine

B. guanine

C. cytosine

D. thymine

E. uracil

24. Indicate the right answer

Initially formed purine nucleotide is called

A. orotate monophosphate

B. nosine monophosphate

C. 5- phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate

D. ribose-5-phosphate

E. adenine

25. Indicate the right answer

Precursors of xanthine are

A. uracil and thymine

B. uracil and cytosine

C. adenosine and guanosine

D. uric acid

E. all the above mentioned

26. Indicate theright answer

Basic biochemical symptom in gout is

A. hyperammonemia

B. hyperglycemia

C. hyperuricemia

D. hyperrmethioninaemia

F. none of the above mentioned

27. Indicatetheright answer

A key enzyme in the synthesis of pyrimidine is

A. cytidine triphosphate synthase

B. adenylosuccinate synthase

C. amidophosphoribosyltransferase

D. carbamoylphosphate synthetaseII

E. orotatphosphoribosylltransferase

28. Indicatetheright answer

Key enzyme in the synthesis of purines

A. cytidine triphosphate synthase

B. adenylosuccinate synthase

C. amidophosphoribosyltransferase

D. carbamoylphosphate synthetaseII

E. orotatphosphoribosylltransferase

29. Indicatetheright answer

Name the synthesis inhibitor which are 5-fluorouracil

A. purine synthesis and thymine

B. purine synthesis in bacteria

C. uracil synthesis in bacteria

D. only the synthesis of thymine

E. purine synthesis and uracil

30. Indicatetheright answer

Name the synthesis inhibitor which is methotrexate

A. synthesizing pyrimidines

B. purine synthesis and thymine

C. uracil synthesis in bacteria

D. only the synthesis of thymine

E. purine synthesis and uracil

31. Indicatetheright answer

Name the synthesis inhibitor which are sulfonamides

A. purine synthesis and thymine

B. purine synthesis in bacteria

C. uracil synthesis in bacteria

D. only the synthesis of thymine

E. purine synthesis and uracil

Vitamins. Diagnosis and correction of of vitamin functionimpairments. Metabolism and functions of vitamins B₁, B₂, B₃, B₅

1. Matching

Match the following vitamins with their application

Vitamins Application

В3 (РР)		Piridine dependentanemia
В1	Hartnupdisease
	Pellagra
	Macrocytic anemia
	Beri-beri

2. Indicatethe the correct variant

Flavin coenzyme involved in the reaction of oxidation

A. Succinate

B. Malate

C. Glucose

D. Isocitrate

E. Α-ketoglutarate

3. Indicatethecorrect answer

Flavin coenzyme involved in oxidative decarboxylation

A. Α-ketoglutarate

B. Succinyl-CoA

C. Malate

D. Glucose

E. Isocitrate

4. Indicatethecorrect answer

Flavin coenzyme involved in the reaction ofoxidation

A. Glucose

B. Acetyl-CoA

C. Isocitrate

D. Malate

E. Pyruvate

5. Name the coenzyme which takes part in the reaction of transacylation

A. Pyridoxal phosphate

B. Coenzyme A

C. FAD

D. NAD⁺

E. TDP

6. Name the active form of thiamine

A. THFA

B. Pyridoxal phosphate

C. Coenzyme A

D. FAD

E. TDP

7. Name the active forms of vitamin B₂

A. NAD+ and FAD

B. FAD and FMN

C. Coenzyme A and FAD

D. TDP and FMN

E. THFA and FAD

8. Name the disease which arises in case of thiamine deficiency in the diet

A. Pellagra

B. Rickets

C. Beri-beri

D. Anemia

E. Scurvy

9. Which cofactors are used in oxidative decarboxylation of α-ketoglutarate?

A. THFA, FAD, lipoic acid, hscoa, NAD+

B. Pyridoxal phosphate, THFA, TDP, NAD+, FAD

C. TDP, NAD+, FAD, THFA, lipoic acid

D. Lipoic acid, TDP, NAD+, FAD, hscoa

E. TDP, FAD, NADH, hscoa, lipoic acid

10. Name the biochemical reaction catalyzed by nicotinamide-dependent enzyme

A. Α-ketoglutarate → succinyl CoA

B. Oxaloacetate → phosphoenolpyruvate

C. Fumarate → malate

D. Glucine + succinyl Coa → δ-aminolevulenic acid

E. Histidine → histamine

11. Name the biochemical reaction catalyzed by pantothenate-dependent enzyme

A. Pyruvate → oxaloacetate

B. Phenylalanine → tyrosine

C. Serine → pyruvate

D. Pyruvate → acetyl Coa

E. Succinate → fumarate

12. Name niacin hypovitaminosis

A. Rickets

B. Beri-beri

C. Pellagra

D. Scurvy

E. Xerophthalmia

13. Name the biochemical reaction catalyzed by thiamine-dependent enzyme

A. Fumarate → malate

B. Pyruvate → oxaloacetate

C. Serine → glycine

D. Α-ketoisovalerate → isobutyryl coa

E. Homocysteine+serine → cystathionine

14. Name the vitamin which active form takes part in the conversion of succinate into fumarate

A. Vitamin B₁

B. Vitamin B₂

C. Vitamin B₃

D. Vitamin B₅

E. Vitamin B₆

15. Name the coenzymes synthesized from niacine

A. NAD+ and FAD

B. NAD+ and NADP+

C. Coenzyme A and THFA

D. FAD and FMN

E. THFA and FAD

16. Name the biochemical reaction catalyzed by riboflavin-dependent enzyme

A. Pyruvate → lactate

B. Methylmalonyl coa→ succinyl coa

C. Isocitrate → α-ketoglutarate

D. Acyl coa → enoyl coa

E. Fumarate → malate

17. Name the biochemical symptoms of vitamin B₁ deficiency

A. Increased level of pyruvate and acetate in blood

B. Increased level of pyruvate and lactate in blood

C. Increased level of pyruvate and citrate in blood

D. Decreased level of lactate and citrate in blood

E. None of the above mentioned

18. Matching

Match the following vitamins with their application

Vitamins Application

1. Thiamine A. Keratitis

2. Riboflavin B. Neuritis

3. Pantothenate C. Dermatitis

4. Niacin D. Hair abnormality

E. Hemorrhages

19. Chooseseveral correct answers

Flavin coenzymes involved in the reaction of oxidation are

A. Fatty acids

B. Citrate

C. Glutamate

D. Pyruvate

E. Succinate

20. Name the biochemical reaction catalyzed by nicotinamide

A. Glutamic acid ---> A-ketoglutarate + ammonia

B. Propionyl Coa ---> methylmalonyl Coa

C. Homocysteine +serine --->cystathionine

D. 5-hydroxytryptophan ---> serotonin

E. Serine → glycine

21. Choose several correct answers

Vitamin B₂ is an integral part of such nucleotides us

A. Biotin

B. Pyridoxal

C. Flavin adenine dinucleotide

D. Nicotinamide

E. Thiamine pyrophosphate

F. Flavinadeninmononucleotide

22. Match the following vitamins with their active forms

Vitamins

Active form of vitamin

B ₂	NAD
B ₃	FAD
	HS-Coa
	THFA
	TDP

23. Match the following vitamins with their active forms

Vitamins	Active form of vitamin
В1		HS-Coa
B2	THFA
	FAD
	NAD
	TDP

24. Match the following vitamins with their active forms

Vitamins	Active form of vitamin
PP		Pyridoxal phosphate
B₁	NAD
	FAD
	TDP
	NADP
	THFA
	HS-Coa

25. Match the following vitamins with their active forms

Vitamins	Active form of vitamin
B₁		Cobalamin
B₃(PP)	Nicotinic acid
	Riboflavin
	Thiamin
	Biotin
	Pyridoxine
	Pantothenic acid
	Nicotinamide

26. Match the following vitamins with their active forms

Vitamins	Active form of vitamin
PP		Thiamin
B₃	Pantothenic acid
B₂	Nicotinamide
	Biotin
	Pyridoxine
	Nicotinic acid
	Cobalamin
	Riboflavin

27. Match the following vitamins with their active forms

Vitamin	Active form of vitamin
B₂		Nicotinic acid
B₁	Biotin
	Nicotinamide
	Riboflavin
	Thiamin
	Pantothenic acid
	Cobalamin
	Pyridoxine

28. Indicate several correct answers

Compounds belonging to the vitamin-links

A. Choline

B. Pantothenic acid

C. Folic acid

D. Lipoic acid

E. Nicotinamide

29. Chooseseveral correct answers

Characteristics of vitamins

A. The daily demand from several mg to several g

B. Organic nature

C. Synthesis in the body in sufficient quantities

D. Inorganic nature

E. Are plastic materials

F. Are not synthesized in the body in sufficient quantities

30. Matchthe following vitamins with the corresponding biochemical reaction

Substance shall Catalysis	Biochemical reaction
Nicotinic acid		Succinate--------- > fumarate
Riboflavin	A -ketoglutarate -> succinyl-coa
	Acyl-coa -----> enoyl-coa
	Pyruvate -----> acetyl-coa

31. Match the following vitamins with the corresponding biochemical reaction

Substance shall Catalysis	Biochemical reaction
Thiamin		Pyruvate -----> acetyl-coa
Nicotinic acid	A -ketoglutarate -> succinyl-coa
	Acyl-coa -----> enoyl-coa
	Propionyl-coa ----> methylmalonyl-coa

32. Match the following vitamins with their application

Signs of failure	Vitamins
Skin and scalp		B₂
Polyneuritis	B ₉
	B ₁
	B ₁₂
	PP

33. Match the following vitamins with their application

Signs of failure	Vitamins
Beriberi		B ₆
Pellagra	B ₂
	B ₁
	PP
	B ₁₂

34. Match the following vitamins with their application

Signs of failure	Vitamins
Inflammation of the face and hands		PP
Inflammation of the tongue (glossitis)	B ₁
Lesion the scalp	B ₂
Polyneuritis

35. Match the following vitamins with their application

Inborn errors of vitamin functions	Vitamins
maple syrup urine disease		B ₂
Leigh's disease	Riboflavin
	PP
	B ₁
	Thiamin

36. Indicate the correct answer

Basic physiological effects of vitamin B ₁ is

A. Antianemic

B. Antidermatic

C. Antineurotic

D. Antihemorrhagic

E. Antixerophthalmic