Theme VIII. Groups & Organizations

1.From the micro to the macro level examine the types of groups, social influence in groups. 2.Explore formal organizations and bureaucracies, including diversity within organizations, and theoretical perspectives on groups and organizations.

Recommended Readings:

 

1.Bales R. F., Interaction Process Analysis ( Boston: Addison-Wesley, 1950).

2.Bass B. M., Leadership, Psychology, and Organizational Behavior ( New York: Harper, 1960).

3.Bennis W. G., Schein E. H., Berlew D. E., and Steele F. I., eds., Interpersonal Dynamics ( Homewood, Ill.: Dorsey Press, 1964).

4.Blau P. M., The Dynamics of Bureaucracy ( Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1955).

5.Blau P. M., Exchange and Power in Social Life ( New York: Wiley, 1964).

6.Bonner H., Group Dynamics: Principles and Applications ( New York: Ronald Press, 1959).

7.Browne C. G., and Cohn T. S., eds., The Study of Leadership ( Danville, Ill.: The Interstate Printers and Publishers, 1958).

8.Cartwright D., and Zander A., eds., Group Dynamics: Research and Theory, 2nd ed. ( Evanston, Ill.: Row, Peterson, 1960).

9.Cartwright D., ed., Studies in Social Power ( Ann Arbor: University of Michigan, 1959).

10.Festinger L., Schachter S., and Back K., Social Pressures in Informal Groups ( New York: Harper, 1950).

11.Goffman E., The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life ( Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1959).

12.Golombiewski R. T., The Small Group ( Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1962).

13.Hare A. P., Borgatta E. F., and Bales R. F., eds., Small Groups: Studies in Social Interaction ( New York: Knopf, 1955).

14.Hare A. P., Handbook of Small Group Research ( New York: The Free Press of Glencoe, 1962).

15.Heider F., The Psychology of Interpersonal Relations ( New York: Wiley, 1958).

16.Hollander E. P., Leaders, Groups, and Influence ( New York: Oxford, 1964).

17.Homans G. C., The Human Group ( New York: Harcourt, Brace, and World, 1950).

18.Homans G. C., Social Behavior: Its Elementary Forms ( New York: Harcourt, Brace, and World, 1961).

19.Jennings H. H., Leadership and Isolation, 2nd ed. ( New York: Longmans, Green, 1950).

20.Klein J., The Study of Groups ( London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1956).

21.Kuhn A., The Study of Society: A Unified Approach ( Homewood, Ill.: Richard D. Irwin, 1963).

22.Newcomb T. M., The Acquaintance Process ( New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1961).

23.Olmsted M. S., The Small Group ( New York: Random House, 1959).

24.Shepherd C. R., Small Groups: Some Sociological Perspectives ( San Francisco: Chandler, 1964).

25.Sherif M., and Sherif C. W., Reference Groups ( New York: Harper and Row, 1964).

26.Sprott W. J. H., Human Groups ( London: Penguin Books, 1958).

27.Staats A. W., and C. K., Complex Human Behavior ( New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1963).

28.Stogdill R. M., Individual Behavior and Group Achievement ( New York: Oxford, 1959).

29.Thibaut J. W., and Kelley H. M., The Social Psychology of Groups ( New York: Wiley, 1969).

30.Walker E. L., and Heyns R. W., An Anatomy for Conformity ( Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1962).

31.Zaleznik A., and Moment D., The Dynamics of Interpersonal Behavior ( New York: Wiley, 1964).

 

Theoretical questions

  1. The scientific methods of sociology.
  2. Stages of socialization.
  3. Social ideas of Auguste Comte.

4. Sociology as a science.

5. Social ideas of Emile Durkheim.

6. Anticipatory socialization and resocialization.

7. Social ideas of Auguste Comte.

8. Development of culture (cultural universals, innovation, diffusion).

9. Agents of socialization.

10. Sociology as a science.

11. Social ideas of Maxs Weber.

12. The role of socialization in a human society.

13. The scientific methods of sociology.

14. Social ideas of Karl Marx.

15. Elements of culture (language, norms, sanctions, values).

16. The problems of subcultures, countercultures and culture shock in sociology.

17. Social ideas of Herbert Spencer.

18. The role of socialization in a human society.

19. The scientific methods of sociology.

20. Social ideas of Karl Marx.

21. The problem of suicide in sociology.

22. The main categories of sociology.

23. Social ideas of Emile Durkheim.

24. Elements of social structure (statuses, social roles and groups).

25. Social ideas of Auguste Comte.

26. The role of social institutions in a modern society.

27. Attitudes toward cultural variation (ethnocentrism and cultural relativism).

28. Sociology and the social sciences.

29. Elements of culture (language, norms, sanctions, values).

30. The problems of social interaction and reality in sociology.

31. The main categories of sociology.

32. Agents of socialization.

33. Development of culture (cultural universals, innovation, diffusion).

34. Durkheim’s Study of Suicide.

35. The meaning of ascribed and achieved status. Master status.

36. The role of social institutions in a modern society.

37. Social ideas of Herbert Spencer.

38. Conflict view to the social institutions.

39. The problems of social structure and modern society.

40. Social ideas of Karl Marks.

41. The problem of anomie in sociology.

42. Interactionist view to the social institutions.

43. Social ideas of Maxs Weber.

44. Functionalist view to the social institutions.

45. Development of culture (cultural universals, innovation, diffusion).

46. Describe Veblen's evolutionary perspective.

47. According to Veblen, what are the prime movers in the evolutionary process?

48. What is the make-up of the "Leisure Class"? What is their function?

49. How is the rule of elites legitimated?

50. What is "conspicuous consumption"? What relationship does it have to modernity?

51. "The rich get richer and the poor get poorer." Explain Veblen's response to this aphorism?

52. Compare and contrasts Sanderson's theory with Harris's Cultural Materialism.

53. According to Sanderson, what is the driving engine behind sociocultural evolution?

54. According to Sanderson, why did capitalism become dominant in the 16th century?

55. Discuss the expansion and deepening of the capitalist world system.

56. What are the three forms of globalization? How are they related?

57. What is the civilizing process? What are the similarities and differences between it and rationalization?

58. Why is Elias classified as a Weberian?

59. According to Elias, how has the centralization of power caused the civilizing process?

60. What is Elias's evidence for the civilizing process?

61. What is the monopoly mechanism?

62. Why is Postman considered a Durkheimian? What elements of his theory do not fit this mold?

63. How has the socialization process changed in the 20th century? How have these changes affected childhood?

64. How has television affected social and political discourse in modern American society?

65. In what sense is technological change "ecological" in nature?

66. Compare and contrast technocracy and technopoly.? Which do we live in?

67. According to Foster, what is the major cause of the environmental destruction around us?

68. In what ways has our production system become hostile to the environment?

69. What is the relationship between capitalism and imperialism?

70. According to Foster, why has American imperialism been unleashed in the 1990s?

71. Discuss Fosters' analysis of the 911 attacks. How does this fit in with the nation's current view?

72. According to Foster, why did America go into Iraq? How has his analysis held up in recent years?

73. Social Change & Global Perspective

74. Collective Behavior & Social Movements

75. Population, Urbanization, & Environoment

76. Government & Politics

77. Economy & Work in society

78. Role of religion in society

79. Role of education in society

80. The role of family in socialization

81. Defining race and ethnicity

82. The problem of global stratification in Sociology

83. Hawthorne experiment

84. Environment: the impact of isolation

85. The problems of Sociobiology

86. Self-identity and socialization

87. Modernity and social changes in Europe and emergence of sociology.

88. Scope of the subject of sociology and comparison with other social sciences.

89. Sociology and common sense.

90. Sociology as Science

91. Science, scientific method and critique.

92. Major theoretical strands of research methodology.

93. Positivism and its critique.

94. Fact value and objectivity in Sociology.

95. Non- positivist methodologies.

96. Research Methods and Analysis

97. Qualitative and quantitative methods.

98. Techniques of data collection.

99. Variables, sampling, hypothesis, reliability and validity.

100. Sociological Thinkers

101. Karl Marx - Historical materialism, mode of production, alienation, class struggle.

102. Emile Durkheim- Division of labour, social fact, suicide, religion and society

103. Max Weber- Social action, ideal types, authority, bureaucracy, protestant ethic and the spirit of capitalism.

104. Talcolt Parsons - Social system, pattern variables.

105. Robert K. Merton- Latent and manifest functions, conformity and deviance, reference groups

106. Mead - Self and identity

107. Stratification and Mobility

108. Concepts- equality, inequality, hierarchy, exclusion, poverty and deprivation

109. Theories of social stratification- Structural functionalist theory, Marxist theory, Weberian theory

110. Dimensions – Social stratification of class, status groups, gender, ethnicity and race

111. Social mobility- open and closed systems, types of mobility, sources and causes of mobility

112. Works and Economic Life

113. Social organization of work in different types of society- slave society, feudal society, industrial /capitalist society

114. Formal and informal organization of work

115. Labour and society

116. Politics and Society

117. Sociological theories of power

118. Power elite, bureaucracy, pressure groups, and political parties

119. Nation, state, citizenship, democracy, civil society, ideology

120. Protest, agitation, social movements, collective action, revolution

121. Religion and Society

122. Sociological theories of religion

123. Types of religious practices: animism, monism, pluralism, sects, cults

124. Religion in modern society: religion and science, secularization, religious revivalism, fundamentalism

125. Systems of Kinship

126. Family, household, marriage

127. Types and forms of family

128. The problems of lineage and descent

129. Patriarchy and sexual division of labour

130. Contemporary trends

131. Social Change in Modern Society

132. Sociological theories of social change

133. Development and dependency

134. Agents of social change

135. Education and social change

136. Science, technology and social change

137. Society, community, association, institution

138. Culture-culture change, diffusion, Cultural-tag, Cultural relativism, ethnocentrism, acculturation

139. Social Groups - primary, secondary and reference groups.

140. Social structure, social system, social action

141. Status and role, role conflict, role set.

142. Norms and values-conformity and deviance.

143. Law and customs.

144. Socio-cultural processes: socialisation, assimilation, integration

145. Socio-cultural processes: cooperation, competition, conflict

146. Socio-cultural processes: accommodation, social distance, relative deprivation

147. Social stratification: forms and functions

148. Types of society: tribal, agrarian, industrial and post-industrial

149. Marriage: types and norms, marriage as contract, and as a sacrament.

150. Family: types, functions and changes.

151. Kinships: terms and usages, rules of residence, descent, inheritance.