You must have done it. — должно быть, сделали
Упражнение 553
Вставьте модальные глаголы should или must.
1. a) You ... have studied the material thoroughly. I see you have made no mistakes in the paper, b) You ... have studied the material thoroughly. Then you would not have made so many mistakes.
442 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ
Модальные глаголы
2. a) She ... have followed the doctor's advice.
She would have recovered by now. b) She ... have followed the doctor's advice. She looks very fine.
3. a) You ... have ignored the instructions of your
tennis coach. That's why you lost the game, b) You ... have followed the instructions of your tennis coach. Then you would have won the game.
4. a) She ... have forgotten to take her medicine, b) She ... have remembered to take her medicine.
5. a) I... have got on the wrong bus. I cannot rec-
ognize the places we are passing, b) I ... have looked carefully at the number of the bus. Now I must change buses, and I am afraid I shall be late.
| Сравните: | ||
| (a | 1 should have я не сделал) | done it. — следовалосделать |
| 1 had to do it.- | - пришлосьсделать (сделал) |
Упражнение 554
Вставьте модальные глаголы should или had to. Раскройте скобки, употребляя требующуюся форту инфинитива.
1. I could not stand that noise any longer. I ... (to go) out and (to tell) them to stop. 2. How can you work in this noise? You ... (to tell) the children to stop. 3. I ... (to take) a taxi, otherwise I should have missed the train. 4. You walked all the way here carrying this heavy suitcase. You ... (to take) a taxi.
5. They won't be able to buy anything but lemonade on the train. You ... (to give) them some sandwiches at least. 6. Mother was coming to dinner, so I ... (to bake) her favourite cake. 7. You knew I was bringing people to dinner. You ... (to bake) a cake. 8. He was out when we came, and we ... (to wait) for over an hour. 9. It was raining hard. We ... (to wear) our raincoats. 10. She is quite an authority. You ... (to ask) her.
Упражнение 555
Вставьте модальные глаголы should или had to. Раскройте скобки, употребляя требующуюся форму инфинитива.
1. Mike isn't here. He ... (to leave) early. 2. The car broke down and they ... (to get) a taxi. 3. You ... (to disconnect) the computer yesterday. There's something wrong with it. You can't send e-mail now. 4. She ... (to go) shopping last Friday because there was nothing in the fridge. 5.1... (to write) this composition yesterday, but I was too busy as I ... (to translate) a very long text from English. 6. I ... not (to take) my little brother to the evening performance, he was so excited; but I really ... (to do) so, for there was nobody at home to leave him with. 7. You ... (to see) our team play! You have missed a lot. You ... (to go) to the stadium. 8. It was a very important meeting and we ... (to attend) it. That's why we returned home late. 9. He ... (to attend) the lesson: the material which the teacher explained was very difficult, and now it will be impossible for him to write the paper well. 10. Although he felt unwell, he ... (to attend) the lesson, because the teacher explained some very difficult material.
444 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ
Модальные глаголы
| Сравните: | |||||
| 1 needn't have done it. | — можно | было | не | делать | |
| (а я сделал) | |||||
| 1 didn't have to do it. - | — можно | было | не | делать | |
| (я | и не делал) |
Упражнение 556
В следующих предложениях часть текста написана по-русски. Напишите предложения полностью по-английски, употребляя модальные глаголы need или to have to.
1. а) Можно было не покупать сахар, and
I didn't go to the shop, b) Why did you go to the shop? Можно было - и не покупать сахар: we have enough of it.
2. а) Мы могли не тревожиться за нее, as we
knew that she was taken very good care of. b) He надо было тревожиться за нас: you see that everything is OK.
3. а) Можно было и не ходить туда, you have
wasted your time. They have phoned us and given us all the instructions, b) Можно было не ходить туда, and we remained at home.
4. а) Мне не надо было идти в библиотеку, as
I had all the books I needed, b) Незачем было ходить в библиотеку: you have only wasted your time. Don't you know that I'll give you all the necessary books?
5. а) Вы могли и не ездить в центр: you could
have bought everything you needed in the local shops, b) Я мог не ездить в центр, as a very good department store had recently opened in our parts, so I went there and bought everything I needed.
6. а) Вы могли и не проверять правописание:
the computer can do all the correcting, b) Я мог не проверять правописание: the computer did all the correcting, so it did not take me long to complete my work.
7. а) Я мог не звонить ему, so I went to bed at
once, b) It turned out that я мог и не звонить ему, as he knew everything from his sister.
Упражнение 557
Вставьте модальные глаголы should, need или to have to. Раскройте скобки, употребляя требующуюся форму инфинитива.
1. You ... not (to go) out in this rain; as it is you have a cold in your head. 2. It was Sunday, and we ... not (to go) to school. 3. Everything is all right. You see that you ... not (to worry). 4. You are out of breath. You ... not (to run): you know how bad it is for you. 5. You ... not (to tell) her about it. Now she is sure not to sleep the whole night worrying. 6. You ... not (to go) with her: she knows the way perfectly well. 7. You ... not (to put) so much pepper in the meat. No one will be able to eat it. 8. You ... not (to give) them any lunch. They can get coffee and sandwiches on the train. 9. We don't accept credit cards. — Well, I just ... (to pay) cash, I guess. Oh, I don't have enough cash. I ... (to give) you a cheque. 10. If you see anything unusual you ... (to call) the police. 11. There ... not (to be) any difficulty about getting her a visa. 12. You ... not (to tell) him the news; he knew it already. 13. According to the label, the orange marmalade ... (to refrigerate) after opening. 14. I'm not particularly busy. I've got a few things to do but I ... not (to do) them now. 15. You ... not (to be) so impatient with him.
446 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ
Модальные глаголы