Pay attention to phrasal verbs, guess their meaning from the context of the sentence.
UNIT 8. MY PROFESSION
Grammar: Phrasal verbs, if-clauses
Vocabulary
applied a – прикладной
artificial intelligence – искусственный интеллект
comprise v - –охватывать
control v – управлять
creation n – создание
development – развитие, разработка
interrelated a- – взаимосвязанный
level n – уровень
marine engineering – судовое машиностроение
mechanical engineering – машиностроение
naval engineering – кораблестроение
operate v – эксплуатировать, работать
opportunity n – благоприятная возможность, удобный
случай
possibility n – возможность
process v - –обрабатывать
rely on – полагаться на
responsibility n – ответственность
take on – – взять на себя
trend n – тенденция
8. 1.Make a list of subjects you study this term and talk about them.
8.2.Tell the group about your parents’ professions. What do they do now? Do you remember what you were going to be in your childhood?
Make use of the necessary words from theword bankbelow. Begin like that: My father /mother is …by profession… / or Both of my parents are … .
Model:As for my parents, my father is an officer by profession. Now he is a pensioner. My mom is a housewife. And as far as I remember, at the age of 10 I wanted to be an astronaut.
| Word bank: doctor, baker, painter, builder, engineer, (naval)officer / architect, marine engineer, photographer, pilot, shop assistant, cook etc. |
8.3.Study the collocations of words connected with work.
| I'd love to do that kind of work. It's not easy to get / find work round these parts. What do you do for a living? |
| It's difficult to make a living as a freelance writer. |
| I've been offered a job in Paris. She is not prepared to take on that job. |
8.4. Read the letter of application and match the paragraphs 1-4 to the
heading A-D.
– You are looking for a part-time job. You saw an ad asking for a part-time sales assistant and you want to apply for the job. Write your letter.
A. Age/Qualifications C. Reason for writing
B. Availability D. Experience/Personality
Dear Sir/Madam,
1. I would like to apply for the position of Part-time Sales Assistant which I saw advertised in
the Guardian.
2. I am a seventeen-year-old student. I have ten GCSEs including Maths and English. At the
moment I am studying for my A Levels.
3. I have no actual work experience. However, l would enjoy working with the public as well as
responsible and hard working so l think l am suitable for the post.
4. I hope you will consider me for the position. I am able to attend an interview at any time.
Yours faithfully,
Deborah Riley
Deborah Riley
8.5 Match the English and Russian words and word combinations.
| 1. | in general | a) | иметь дело с, работать с |
| 2. | to deal with | b) | глубокие знания |
| 3. | a profound knowledge | c) | сложные проблемы |
| 4. | complex problems | d) | в основном |
8.6 Read and translate the text. Answer the questions: What functional duties do engineers have to do? What requirements should an engineer meet?
WHAT IS ENGINEERING.
In general, engineering is a science that deals with design, construction and operation of structures, machines, engines and other devices. An engineer is a person who has higher technical education. An engineer should have a profound knowledge in his branch and a basic knowledge in some other fields as engineering problems are complex and interrelated. The word “engineering” has a lot of meanings and can be translated into Russian in many ways.
8.7 Match the English and Russian words and word combinations.
| 1. | machinery of all types | a) | изготавливать продукцию, изделия |
| 2. | is divided into | b) | конструирование механизмов |
| 3. | field n | c) | станки |
| 4. | machine-tools | d) | отрасль, сфера (исследования, применения) |
| 5. | machine design | e) | все типы механизмов |
| 6. | to make products | f) | подразделяется на |
8.8 Read the text and answer the questions. . What do mechanical engineers do? In what spheres should mechanical engineers have profound knowledge?
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Engineers in this field design, build, test and operate machinery of all types. The field is divided into:
1. machine-tools, mechanisms, materials, hydraulics and pneumatics;
2. work and energy, heating, ventilation and air conditioning.
A mechanical engineer must be trained in mechanics and hydraulics, metallurgy and machine design. A mechanical engineer designs not only the machines that make products but the products themselves.
8.9 Read and translate the text. Answer the questions: What do engineers design and supervise? What requirements should newly built ships meet?
Why should naval architects have profound knowledge of higher mathematics?
| construction of ships | — | строительство судов |
| stability n | — | остойчивость |
| strength n | — | прочность |
| floatability n | — | плавучесть |
| reliability n | — | надежность |
| determine v | — | определять |
| shape n | — | форма, обводы судна |
| hull structure | — | конструкция корпуса |
| a ship hull | — | корпус судна |
| welding n | — | сварка |
| intended for them | — | предназначенную для них |
| principal dimensions | — | главные измерения |
Naval ENGINEERING
Naval architects are engineers who design and supervise the construction of ships and ship repair. Ships must be designed to meet certain requirements such as stability, strength, floatability, reliability and many others in order to perform the type of work intended for them. Naval architects determine the shape and principal dimensions of the ship. They also carry out research work and develop calculating methods of strength and optimal parameters of the ship structure, noise reduction of the ship hull and machinery. Naval architects must be familiar with the variety of techniques in modern shipbuilding. They develop basic technologies; supervise welding operations and installation of equipment.
8.10 Match the English and Russian words and word combinations.
| 1) | supervise | a) | проводить исследовательскую работу |
| 2) | to meet requirements | b) | основные технологии |
| 3) | to carry out research work | c) | отвечать требованиям |
| 4) | calculating methods | d) | наблюдать, контролировать |
| 5) | optimal parameters | e) | методы вычислений |
| 6) | noise reduction | f) | уменьшение шума |
| 7) | variety of techniques | g) | сварочные работы |
| 8) | basic technologies | h) | оптимальные величины |
| 9) | welding operations | i) | установка оборудования |
| 10) | installation of equipment | j) | разнообразие, множество методов, приемов |
8.11 Study the words and word combinations on the text .
| ship power plant | — | судовая силовая установка |
| steam turbine | — | паровая турбина |
| gas turbine | — | газовая турбина |
| diesel engine | — | дизельный двигатель |
| nuclear power plant | — | ядерная энергетическая установка |
| ship internal combustion engine | — | судовой двигатель внутреннего сгорания |
| steam generator | — | парогенератор |
| mounting n | — | монтаж, сборка, установка |
| control n | — | управление, контроль |
| fuel consumption | ||
8.12 Read and translate the text. Write a 3-4 sentence abstract.
Marine ENGINEERING
Marine engineering is a special branch of mechanical engineering. Engineers in this field work at designing, mounting and control of ship power plants of all types (steam and gas turbines, diesel engines, nuclear and electrical power plants). They also design and investigate different types of ship engines and machinery such as ship internal combustion engines, steam generators etc., as well as technological processes of their building, mounting and operation.
Marine engineers work at designing and producing systems of power plant automatics and information measuring complexes. Marine automation is the automatic control of shipboard systems and processes. Automatic control of a ship power plant and engine room equipment has great advantages. It increases safety of a ship power plant, reduces fuel consumption and personnel, and achieves high efficiency of the plant operation.
8.13 Match the English and Russian words and word combinations.
| 1. | special branch | a) | информационно-измерительные комплексы |
| 2. | mounting and control | b) | оборудование машинного отделения |
| 3. | to investigate | c) | работа судовой силовой установки |
| 4. | ship engines and machinery | d) | специальное направление |
| 5. | information measuring complexes | e) | судовые двигатели и оборудование |
| 6. | shipboard systems | f) | высокая производительность |
| 7. | engine room equipment | g) | установка и управление (контроль) |
| 8. | great advantages | h) | безопасность |
| 9. | safety | i) | изучать, исследовать |
| 10. | high efficiency | j) | бортовые системы |
| 11. | plant operation | k) | большие преимущества |
8.14Phrasal verbs.Match the phrasal verbs on the left to their meanings on the right .
| get up | a | do | |
| carry out | b | speak loudly | |
| be made up of | c | arrive | |
| be in | d | be absent | |
| be out | e | be present | |
| f | rise | ||
| get back | g | write | |
| speak up | |||
| get to | h | return | |
| find out | i | learn, discover | |
| put down | j | consist of |
Pay attention to phrasal verbs, guess their meaning from the context of the sentence.
1. We’ll buy a smaller house when the children have grown up and left home. 2. Who’s going to look after the cats when we go away on holiday? 3. The computer isn’t working – it broke down this morning.. 4. I found out where he lived by checking in the local library. 5. It was no problem: we looked up his number in the telephone book..
6. My headaches have been much better since I gave up drinking coffee. 7. What’s going on here? What are you doing? 8. He promised to play in the match, but he didn’t come. He let down the whole team. 9. What time does the plane take off?
8.18Exam task.Read the text and make up your own one about your future profession.
I study at the faculty of Designing Marine Devices. My future profession will be Automation and Control Systems. I am interested in my future profession and I hope I will be a good specialist.
Computer industry is developing fast and comprises almost all spheres of professional life. Electronic engineering deals with the research, design, integration and application of circuits and devices used in the transmission and processing of information. Computer engineers deal with all aspects of electronic communication. In designing communication systems, engineers rely on various branches of higher mathematics. They work on control systems which are used extensively in automated manufacturing and robotics.
One of the main tasks is the creation of artificial intelligence through development of higher level machine languages. The other task is microminiaturization. Engineers continue to work to fit greater and greater number of circuit elements onto smaller and smaller chips. Another trend is increasing the speed of computer operations through the use of parallel processors and superconducting materials.
Computer engineers have a lot of employment opportunities as each new generation of computers opens up new possibilities for basic and applied research.
8.24 Exam task. Read the dialogue, then act out a similar one with a partner about your plans for the future.
A: Do you ever think about the future?
B: Sometimes. It’s fun to picture myself in 10 years’ time.
A: Would you like to have a family?
B: Yes. As soon as I get a good job, I’ll get married.
A: And what job would you like to do?
B: I’m not sure yet. Perhaps I’ll be a naval architect like my
uncle.
A: I think you’ll make an excellent engineer. You’re good at
applied sciences.
B: I hope so. What about you?
A: I’m going to be a designer.
B: Really? What sort of things are you going to design?
A: Mmm, the interiors of houses, maybe. Or maybe the interiors of cabins. Then we can work for the same company.
A: That’s a good idea!
8.25 Complete the questions below with the words in the box:
| boss enjoy people travel do studying weekends |
1. Are you working or ................... or what?
- So what do you ....................?
- Do you have to work at ....................?
- Do you .................... it?
- And do you have to ................ far to work?
- What are the............... you work with like?
- What's your ........... like?
8.26 Complete the proverbs with the words from the box. Choose and memorize the 3 of them.
| 1. | No pain, nо gain. | a) | yourself |
| 2. | Business before pleasure. | b) | pain |
| 3. | То work with the left hand. | c) | hour |
| 4. | If you want a thing well done, do it yourself. | d) | trees |
| 5. | Money doesn't grow on trees. | e) | hand |
| 6. | If a job is worth doing it is worth doing well. | f) | pleasure |
| 7. | An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening. | g) | job |
TEST
Chose the correct response
1 A; Do you think you’ll be the boss of a big company one day?
B: a No, l don’t think so. b I can’t stand working shifts.
2 A:I’m going to a job interview tomorrow at the bank.
B: a Yes, l think you are. b Good luck!
3 A: Are you going to become a doctor like your father?
B: a I hope so. b That’s great!
4 A:I’ve lost my job!
B: a Oh, how nice! b Oh dear!
5 A: I got the job at the florist’s!
B: a That’s great. Well done! b Definitely!