Assignments. I. Answer the questions
I. Answer the questions.
1. What are the main ideas of the classical school of management?
2. Who made major contributions to management thinking?
3. Who was Taylor supported in his efforts by?
4. What were the principles of Taylor’s philosophy?
5. What were the disadvantages of Taylor’s approach to management?
6. How can you define the human relation movement?
7. What does the term “modern behaviorism” refer to?
8. Why have behavioral scientists often criticized classical management theory and scientific management?
9. What does behaviorists’ specific criticism include?
10. What has placed increased pressure on management today?
II. Translate into Ukrainian:
an intensified interest, primary contributions, to set a pattern, to found a school,scientific method, training, to encourage friendly interaction and cooperation, principles of efficiency, standardized procedures, behavioral science, psychological considerations, to be underutilized, to be overly specialized.
III. Translate into English in writing:
1. Емпірична школа (The Empirical School) стала новим етапом у розвитку уявлень про управління. В основі поглядів сторонників цієї школи було уявлення про те, що неможливо дати будь-які рекомендації щодо управління, якщо не була зібрана достатня кількість конкретних даних, що стосуються конкретної ситуації. Саме з цієї причини дана школа була названа емпіричною. Емпіризм– це особливий підхід до знань, згідно з яким особлива увага приділяється дослідним даним, які потім узагальнюються та пояснюються.
2. Школа соціальних системрозглядає організацію як складне утворення, що виникає в результаті взаємодії людей.Людина в цій складній системі соціальних зв’язків грає дуже важливу роль. При цьому будь-яка організація має свої цілі, які ніколи не дорівнюють цілям однієї особистості. Позиція школи соціальних систем полягає у твердженні, що потреби людини вступають у протиріччя з потребами організації.
IV. Choose proper definitions to the terms.
| Terms | Definitions |
| 1)Classical management 2)Scientific management 3)Human relations movement 4)Behavioral school | a) emerged following the Hawthorne studies, where human relationists believed that employee satisfaction is a key determinant of performance. b) popularized in the work of Frederic W.Taylor that includes approaches to increased efficiency, cost reductions, and maximum utilization of human and material resources. c) the first schools of management thought, including scientific management, functionalism, and bureaucracy. d) a modern school of management theory propounded by those who view management as a psychological process. Advocates of this school are particularly concerned with such topics as needs, drives, motivation, leadership, personality, behaviour, work groups, and the management of change. |
V. Complete the following chart.
| Person | Noun | Verb | Adjective |
| manager | management | manage | managerial or managing |
| criticize | |||
| performer | |||
| science | |||
| training | |||
| analytical | |||
| industry | |||
| observe | |||
| engineering | |||
| revolutionary | |||
| consult | |||
| adviser |
VI. Replace the italicised adverbial clauses of time and cause by the appropriate form of the Participle.
1. When I had finally made up my mind I told my colleagues about my new plans.
2. When he had been dismissed he began to look round for a new job.
3. As I had never seen anything like that before I was eager to see the central office of the commercial enterprise.
4. When our manager spoke to the employees he always tried to make his meaning clear.
5. When manager had finally opened the safe after many unsuccessful attempts he found that most of the papers had gone.
VII. Sum up what the text says about basic schools of management.
Text 2