Elementary Hydraulic Systems
1. Read and memorize the following expressions:
Ø Non-return valve-зворотній клапан
Ø To-and-fro motion- зворотно - поступові рухи
Ø To function as to act as- функціонувати, діяти в якості
Ø Pressure gauge-манометр
Ø Remote transmission- дистанційна передача
Ø Manual or pedal effort- ручне або педальне зусилля
Ø Shock absorber - гальмівний циліндр
2. Read and translate the text:
Elementary Hydraulic Systems.
The simplest hydraulic system is perhaps the hydraulic shock absorber which consists of a pump (piston) and resistance. Another elementary type of system is the hydraulic weighing machine, which consists of a non- continuous pump element (piston or diaphragm) and pressure gauge.
Other elementary systems consist of a jack, transmission line, and a pump of the non-continuous type without control gear, although valves may still be present for secondary purposes. Systems of this type are used for remote transmission of manual or pedal effort or motion, or for remote transmission of instrument indication. The simplest best known system of this type is the hydraulic brake.
3.Translate into English:
| ü Гідравлічне гальмо |
| ü Ручне зусилля |
| ü Найпростіша гідравлічна система |
| ü Шоковий поглинач |
| ü Насос |
| ü Поршень |
| ü Опір |
| ü Домкрат |
4. Complete the sentences.
1. The simplest hydraulic system is perhaps the hydraulic shock absorber which consists of...
2. Another elementary type of system is...
3. The hydraulic weighing machine, which consists of...
4. Other elementary systems consist of...
5. Systems of this type are used for...
6. The simplest best known system of this type is...
5. Read and retell the text:
The Hydraulic Brake System
All the modem cars have s hydraulic brake system. The word “hydro” means “water” or “liquid”. Hydraulic means “operated by the movement of liquids”. The brake fluid is the liquid that is used in this system. The fluid forces the system to operate when you step on the brake pedal.
Answer the questions.
1. What does the word “hydro” mean? Do you know from which language it came into English?
2. What does the word “hydraulic” mean?
3. What liquid is used in the hydraulic brake system?
4. What happens when you step on the brake pedal?
7. You are trying to explain your partner the difference between:
a. fluid and liquid;
b. “hydro” and “hydraulic”;
c. manual and pedal effort.
Work in pairs. Make up a dialogue.
Unit 28
Hydraulic Machines. Water tap.
1. Remember the following words:
Ø Handle - ручка Tap - кран
Ø Clockwise - за годинниковою стрілкою
Ø Anti-clockwise - проти годинникової стрілки
Ø Bolt - болт Washer- прокладка Hole - отвір
Read and translate the text.
Water tap
When you turn the handle of the water tap clockwise, the water stops.
When you turn it anti-clockwise, the water pours out of the tap again. How does this work?
The tap has a handle on the top, and inside there is a bolt and a washer is over a hole.
When you turn the handle clockwise, this makes the bolt move downwards. The washer then covers the hole and stops the water.
When you turn the handle anticlockwise, the bolt moves upwards and the washer uncovers the hole again. This lets the water flows through the tap again.
3. Answer the questions:
1. How do you turn off a tap?
2. How do you turn it on?
3. Is the hole above or below the washer?
4. When does the washer close the hole?
5. Why does the water not flow through the tap?
6. How do you make the washer move upwards?
4. Fill in the blanks with the missing words:
1. When you turn the handle of theclockwise, the water stops.
2. When you turn it anti-clockwise, the water _____ of the tap again.
3. The tap has a handle on the____.
4. There is a _______ and a ______ is over a hole.
5. When you turn the handle clockwise, this makes the bolt move_____.
6. The washer then _________ the hole and stops the water.
7. When you turn the handle anticlockwise, the bolt moves upwards and the washer ________the hole again.
5. Agree or disagree with the statements:
1. When you turn the handle clockwise, the bolt moves upwards and the washer uncovers the hole again.
2. The washer then covers the hole and stops the water.
3. When you turn it anti-clockwise, the water falls out of the tap again.
4. The tap has a handle on the top, and inside there is a bolt and a washer is over a hole.
5. When you turn the handle of the water tap clockwise, the water stops.
6. Find the Ukrainian equivalents:
v Turn the handle
v Water tap
v The water stop
v The water falls out
v The bolt moves
v Upwards
v Covers the hole
Unit 29
Hydraulic Machines.