VII. Define the predicate and its Tense. 1. Our bodies use proteins for the metabolic processes.

1. Our bodies use proteins for the metabolic processes.

2. The patient wasn’t informed about the side effects of this drug.

3. In a few minutes the active substance will be absorbed into the bloodstream and you will feel better.

4. The drug has already destroyed mucous layer of the stomach, this is why the patient felt extremely severe pain.

5. After you graduate, you will obtain a license for practice.

6. At that moment we realized that the drug wasn’t acting against viruses, but was acting vice versa.

VIII. Translate into Ukrainian in the written form.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors.

These drugs act to prevent production of a hormone, angiotensin II, that constricts blood vessels. They belong to the class of drugs called vasodilators—drugs that dilate blood vessels, an effective way to lower blood pressure. ACE inhibitors first became available in the early 1970s and are now commonly used to treat several heart conditions. ACE inhibitors improve blood flow to various organs and decrease the workload on the heart in heart failure. In addition to dilating blood vessels, ACE inhibiting medications may produce some beneficial effects indirectly by preventing the abnormal rise in hormones associated with heart disease, such as aldosterone. Aldosterone acts on the kidneys to retain salt and water. Some of these effects remain unproved. ACE inhibitors are widely used to treat high blood pressure, or hypertension, a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Used alone or in combination with other drugs, ACE inhibitors have also proved effective in the treatment of congestive heart failure.

IX. Read the text and answer the questions.

Antacids

These agents neutralize gastric acid and reduce pepsin activity (which diminishes as gastric pH rises to4.0). In addition, some antacids adsorb pepsin. Antacids relieve symptoms, promote ulcer healing, and reduce recurrence. They are inexpensive but must be taken 5 to 7 times a day. The optimal antacid regimen for ulcer healing seems to be 15 to 30 mL of liquid or 2 to 4 tablets 1 hour and 3 hours after each meal and at bedtime

In general, there are 2 types of antacids: absorbable and nonabsorbable. Absorbable antacids (e.g, Na bicarbonate, Ca carbonate) provide rapid, complete neutralization but may cause alkalosis and should be used only briefly (1 or 2 days). Nonabsorbable antacids (e.g, aluminum or Mg hydroxide) have fewer systemic adverse effects and are preferred.

Aluminum hydroxide is a relatively safe, commonly used antacid. Aluminum hydroxide causes constipation. Mg hydroxide is a more effective antacid than aluminum but may cause diarrhea. Because small amounts of Mg are absorbed, Mg preparations should be used with caution in patients with renal disease.

1. How do antacids act?

2. Are antacids expensive drugs?

3. What is the regimen of intake of these drugs?

4. What are two types of antacids?

5. What is aluminum hydroxide?

6. What is the second widely used antacid? What are its properties?

X. Answer the questions.

1. What drugs that affect the heart do you know?

2. Give some examples of types of parenteral injections.

3. What diseases scan be treated by inhalation?

4. What products can we buy at chemist’s shops?

5. What fields of chemistry do you know and what are they?

6. What are lipids? Name the lipids you know. What functions do they perform?

V-3

I. Match English words and word combinations with Ukrainian ones:

II. Match the terms with their definitions:

III. Correct the following statements:

1. Cardiovascular drugs affect the action of the heart only.

2. Vasodilators constrict the muscles of the blood vessels.

3. Antimicrobials act only against the bacteria.

4. Injection into the muscles is termed an intracavitary one.

5. Vapours and gases are administered in the parenteral way.

6. Topical administration is inserting the drug into the upper skin layers.

7. A complete prescription is made up of four parts.

8. The symbol Rx denotes the person who wrote the prescription out.

9. A chemical substance is presented by various types of atoms.

10. Neutralization is a reaction between the base and the salt.

IV. Translate into Ukrainian:

1. All drugs may be classified into several groups.

2. Oral administration is disadvantageous because of the time factor.

3. When he tried to swallow the drug he felt his tongue becoming numb.

4. Suppositories are prescribed to treat infections of the large intestine.

5. If you rub an apple for a long time with your hand, you will see a layer of wax on its peel.

6. Vinegar is used in cooking but too much vinegar may cause poisoning.

V. Fill in the gaps with words from the list:

1. During the experiments many various processes ……..

2. I know a great ……of drugs used for the treatment of infectious diseases.

3. It is important to diagnose the disease before any considerable ….to the organs.

4.The treatment of influenza ……. taking many drugs which are antivirals, antipyretics, bronchoconstrictors, vitamins and others.

5. If you …..attentively what I am saying, you will understand the sense of it.

6. Unfortunately, the mucous ………of the patient was hyperemic and swollen and he suffocated.

VI. Replace the underlined words with their synonyms from the list and translate them:

1. The abilities of genetically ill children are restricted.

2. All boxes with medicines must be distinctly marked with all required information.

3. Usually the patient needs certain drugs which can help him, but not many.

4. All poisonous drugs are kept in a locked space.

5. The group of cardiovascular drugs contains many subgroups of the drugs which differ according to their action.

6. A student couldn’t remember the amount of the components necessary for preparation of the drug and failed the exam.

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