Social Events and Ceremonies.
In American high schools there is a formal ceremony for GRADUATION (=completion of high school). Students wear a special CAP and GOWN and receive a DIPLOMA from the head of the school. Students often buy a class ring to wear and an yearbook, containing pictures of their friends and teachers. There are also special social events at American schools. Sports events are popular, and CHEERLEADERs lead the school in supporting the school team and singing the school song. At the end of their junior year, at age 17 or 18, students attend the junior-senior PROM, a very formal dance which is held in the evening. The girls wear long evening dresses and the boys wear TUXEDOS.
In Britain, there are no formal dances or social occasions associated with school life. Some schools have a SPEECH DAY at the end of the school year when prizes are given to the best students and speeches are made by the head teacher and sometimes an invited quest. However, in many British schools students organize informal dances for the older students.
Words and word-combinations.
gown
cap
diploma
cheer leader
high school
GCSE
SAT
higher school
A-level
o-level
a speech day
SCE
graduation
National Curriculum
reception class
sixth form college
polytechnic
Unit IV.
Exercises.
Translate the following into English.
В рассматриваемой системе образования США существуют и средние школы экспериментального типа (с нетрадиционными методами обучения) - альтернативные школы (alternative schools) как частные, так и государственные. К категории альтернативных относятся самые разные, иногда противоположные по целям и задачам школы. С одной стороны к категории альтернативных относятся частные престижные. С другой стороны, к этой категории относятся и такие школы, как например, уличные академии (street academies or storefront schools), основная цель которых удержать детей от влияния улицы, организуемые чаще всего благотворительными организациями в районах нищеты и в городах, чтобы дать некоторую подготовку, отсеявшимся из школы по академическим, так и по другим причинам. Обратим внимание на слово academy. В применении к конкретному учебному заведению слово academy означает среднее учебное заведение, ближе к нашему суворовскому училищу, а отнюдь не военный вуз, как у нас. Кроме того, academy иногда означает и совсем невоенизированное учебное заведение, ориентированное на интенсивную подготовку колледжей, часто для отстающих детей богатый родителей.
В системе альтернативного образования в США существует еще т такая категория школ, где разрабатывают и проверяют новые методы обучения (pilot schools).
(Образование в США: проблемы и перспективы).
Make up a list of topical vocabulary.
Контрольная работа № 2
для студентов IV курса заочного отделения.
(практика устной и письменной речи)
Составители: Поспелова Н.В.
Федеральное агентство по образованию
Елабужский государственный педагогический университет
Факультет иностранных языков
Контрольная работа №7
Для студентов IV курса заочного отделения.
(практика устной и письменной речи)
Елабуга, 2006
CONTROL WORK 7.
Family Life.
I. LUCY’S RIVAL by G. Henderson
Part_1.
When Lucy married Nicolaus she was well aware of the fact that there were pitfalls in marriage. Her mother had told Lucy that it wasn’t at all a bed of roses. Men’s eyes wandered & men wore holes in their socks, then men demanded cooked meals even on hot days & sometimes men shouted, even when there wasn’t much to shout about.
Well at least Lucy’s father had been like that, & it was only common sense to assume that most men were the same. Lucy, having been warned, made up her mind in the very beginning that she was going to be such a good wife that none of these pitfalls would occur. Then there was this business of looking at other women.
Now every bright girl knows that if she comes to her breakfast table in curlers & a sloppy dressing gown, her husband is bound to begin comparing her with the chic young things he sees going to work, good-looking girls with their hair combed perfectly & wearing pretty freshly- ironed dresses.
It sounded rather depressing to Lucy who didn’t like ironing cotton dresses that creased as soon as she wore them, but she did what she was supposed to do.
She combed her hair as soon as she got up, brushed her teeth, put on lipstick & an attractive dress which was a terrible nuisance on the days she wanted to go back to bed.
But Lucy was not one to do things by halves. As for socks & cooked meals, Lucy darned the holes as soon as they appeared & she liked cooking meals, so that was no problem.
And Lucy & Nicolaus never shouted at each other as her mother said that no man could stand a wife who shouted. Women, if they hornestly wanted their marriage to work, kept all their temper inside themselves until they could perhaps take it out on the paper boy if he delivered the papers late.
No intelligent girl told her husband off. Lucy’s mother said so &, after 28 years of married life, she ought to know.
There had been a few times when Lucy had been tempted almost beyond her strength to protest loudly over some little things, but she had always bitten her tongue hard & swallowed her words &, for all Nicolaus knew, she had a perfect disposition which, of course, was exactly what she wanted him to think. So, it really looked, with all the advice Lucy had received & the careful way she had followed it, as if hers was a marriage that couldn’t be shaken.
Lucy used to look at some of the couples she knew & lislened to some of the girls complaining about the way their husbands behaved & she felt rather smug.
Sometimes she felt she couldn’t bear to be so happy & she wondered what she had done to deserve someone like Nicolaus, who kissed her so hard every morning that he took off all her lipstick.
Then it happened, Lucy met her first big setback & all her smugness was shattered. Only it wasn’t another woman that did it. It was of all the absurd things in the world - a TV-set.
It had all started when Nicolaus came home from work with his eyes shining .
“Guess what,” he said after he had kissed Lucy. “Guess what.”
“You have got a rise,” guessed Lucy.
“Nothing like that. This is exciting.”
“So a rise wouldn’t be exciting,” Lucy thought but she didn’t say it. “Men didn’t care for sarcasm,”her mother often reminded her. “Well, tell me,” she said, “Don’t just stand there grinning.”
“You know Peter Bronnan,” Nicolaus began.
“Did Peter get a rise?”, Lucy suggested.
“Don’t try to be funny,” said Nocolaus, “this has nothing to do with money.”
She began to feel relieved, which probably showed in her face, because he hastily amended his statement.
“Well, anyway, not much,” he said.
“What is it then?”
“Peter won a TV-set,” Nicolaus announced jubilantly.
“Good for him,” Lucy murmured & started for the kitchen.
Nicolaus grabbed his hand. “No, wait,”he said, “that’s not the exciting part. The exciting part has to do with us.”
“Us? Is Peter going to give us the set?” Nicolaus’s face fell a little, & all the glow went out of his eyes. Lucy immediately repented.
“I was only joking, darling,” she said, “but tell me. I can’t guess.”
“Well of course Peter isn’t giving us the set he won. That would be ridiculous. But he’ll sell his old one to us. Cheap.”
“How cheap?”
“Really cheap. It’s a very good set, only 2 years old & he’ll let us have it for 20 pounds, as a favour.”
“What’s wrong with it?” Lucy asked.
“Oh, really you are so suspicious. Nothing is wrong with it. Peter is a friend of mine. He had a stroke of luck, so is very kindly letting me share in it.”
“20 pounds is 20 pounds,” Lucy said, but she knew she was weakening. Nicolaus looked so eager & so happy that she hadn’t the heart to refuse him.
“All right,” she said, & he kissed long & hard. Suddenly from the kitchen came the smell of burning fat. She broke away from him & just managed to save the chops.