TRANSLATION OF TWO-COMPONENTAL ASYNDETIC SUBSTANTIVAL CLUSTERS
The ways of faithful translation of asyndetic noun/substantival clusters into Ukrainian may be predetermined by one of the following three factors:
1) by the lexical meaning of the component parts;
2) by their structural form and
3) by the meaning of the cluster as a whole.
Translation of two componental asyndetic NN structure clusters may start:
1) with the head noun: board members – члени правління; economy regime – режим економії; policy change – зміна політики;
2) beginning with the adjunct (functioning as an adjective) or with the head (functioning as a noun): dinner-time break – обідня перерва/перерва на обід; currency reform – грошова реформа/реформа грошової системи; liberation movement – визвольний рух/рух за визволення;
3) the meaning of some asyndetic substantival clusters with compound adjuncts can be rendered into Ukrainian in a descriptive way as well: nine men defence – захист із 9 гравців (спорт); two-thirds majority – більшість у дві третіх голосів; top-drawer family – родина, що вдягається у дорогий одяг.
The meaning of the A+NN-type substantival clusters can be rendered into Ukrainian by the following main approaches:
1) beginning with the initial adjective after which the head noun and its adjunct noun is translated in succession: English amateur champion – англійський чемпіон-непрофесіонал; leading world jockeys – провідні (найкращі) жокеї світу; public protest meeting – загальні збори/мітинг протесту;
2) beginning with the adjective after which the adjacent to it following noun (adjunct) and then the head noun is translated in succession:
final press conference – заключна прес*конференція; London cab drivers – лондонські кебмени/таксисти; Royal Shakespeare company – Королівська шекспірівська трупа;
3) a considerable number of lexically transparent asyndetic substantival clusters of the A+NN-type are translated in reverse order, i.e. beginning with the head noun after which the attributive component and the adjunct noun is translated in succession: European Cup*winners Cup – кубок європейських володарів кубків; Local authority staff – працівник и місцевих органів влади;
4) some asyndetic clusters of the type may be semantically condensed. As a result, more words are needed in the target language to render their meaning, i.e., they are to be translated in a descriptive way: Royal Berkshire polo ground – (королівський) стадіон у Беркширі для гри вершників у поло; London Evening News – лондонська вечірня газета “Івнінг ньюз”; Royal Air Force – військово-повітряні сили Великої Британії.
Two-componental asyndetic substantival clusters may often have other than AN+N or AN+NN-type structure of their constituents.
These may be of the N+AN, or A+AN+N/AN configuration. The asyndetic clusters with the N+AN structure of their components may be translated in the following ways:
1) beginning with the AN head sense unit: US military bases – військові бази США; NATO nuclear weapons – атомна зброя (країн) НАТО; UN General Assembly – Генеральна Асамблея ООН
2) a similar approach should be employed when dealing with the N+AN or N+QN/N+VingN structure substantival clusters with the initial proper names components: the Avior Airline general manager – генеральний директор авіакомпанії “Авіор ерлайнз”; New Times editorial staff – редакційні працівники (журналу) “Нью-Таймз”.
Extensively exemplified in the newspaper and scientific matter speech styles of present-day English are also A+AN+N-type asyndetic substantival clusters with preceding adjectival, participial and other modifiers in the function of attributes. Among the different approaches to render their meaning into Ukrainian the following are most frequent:
1) starting with the head noun, proceeding to the adjunct (AN) unit and concluding with the adjunct noun: major Western states interests – інтереси провідних західних держав;
2) starting with the initial adjective or participle, proceeding to the head noun and concluding with the adjunct (AN) unit: efficient public transport system – рентабельна система комунального транспорту;
3) starting with the head noun, proceeding in a reverse order of components to the sense unit with the adjunct noun and concluding with the initial adjective, which becomes a noun in Ukrainian: Scottish Labour Party resolution – резолюція лейбористської партії Шотландії;
4) descriptive translating can also be resorted to when dealing with this type of asyndetic substantival clusters: International Social Security Association – міжнародна Асоціація (з питань) соціального забезпечення.