I. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст.
Gross Domestic Product
Gross Domestic Product or GDP is the amount of money a country makes from goods and services inside the country for a certain period of time, usually for a year.
When GDP is calculated different sectors of economy are analysed.
In the United Kingdom the following sectors of economy are usually analysed: manufacturing, services (financial, professional and scientific services, leisure and tourism), energy (oil, natural gas, coal) and agriculture. In the United States the following sectors of economy are usually analysed when the GDP is defined: construction and manufacturing; trade and finance; transport, communication and services; agriculture; and mining.
Speaking, as an example, about one of the recent year’s GDP figures, the following can be quoted:
In the U.K. the services sector accounted for roughly 60 per cent of Gross Domestic Product. Manufacturing sector accounted for a small percentage of Gross Domestic Product. Energy production sector accounted for about 8 per cent of GDP. Agriculture – only for 4 per cent of GDP. But the agricultural sector satisfies two-thirds of the country’s needs. And only a small fraction of the total population, about 2 per cent, are engaged in agriculture.
In the U.S.A. the construction and manufacturing sector accounted for 40 per cent of GDP; trade and finance earned 25 per cent of GDP; transport, communication and services sector earned 20 per cent of GDP; agriculture and mining earned 5 per cent of GDP. By the way 10 per cent of the employed population of the United States is engaged in agriculture.
Слова и словосочетания:
1. gross - валовой
Gross Domestic Product - валовой внутренний продукт
2. amount - сумма
3. to calculate – подсчитывать
4. is calculated -- подсчитывается
5. manufacturing - обрабатывающая промышленность
6. science - наука
scientific - научный
7. leisure - досуг
8. oil - нефть
9. natural gas - природный газ
10. coal - уголь
11. agriculture - сельское хозяйство
12. to define - определять
13. trade - торговля
14. finance - финансы
14. mining - горная промышленность
15. to quote - цитировать, приводить (текст)
16. to account for - составлять
17. percentage - доля, процент
compare : 5 per cent
18. to satisfy - удовлетворить
19. needs - потребности
20. to engage - заниматься
to be engaged in a sector - быть занятым в секторе
21. to earn - зарабатывать, приносить (доход)
II. Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты к следующим словам и словосочетаниям:
1. валовой внутренний продукт
2. рассчитывать валовой внутренний продукт
3. анализировать различные определенные секторы экономики
4. промышленное производство
5. добывающая промышленность
6. услуги (финансовые, профессиональные, научные)
7. досуг, туризм
8. энергетика (нефть, газ, уголь)
9. сельское хозяйство
10. строительство
11. торговля и финансы
12. транспорт и связь
III. Ответьте на следующие вопросы по содержанию текста.
1. What is GDP by definition?
2. What sectors of economy are analysed in the United States when GDP is calculated?
3. What percentage of people of the U.K. is engaged in agriculture?
IV. Поставьте глагол в The Present Continuous Tense или The Simple Future Tense для выражения будущего.
1. Where you (to go) at the weekend? – To the seaside.
2. Is Mr. Dane in the office? – No, he (to be) in the office in an hour.
3. When you (to meet) Mr. Cartright? – at 9. – Why so early? – Because at 10 I (to have talks) with the manager.
4. Have you signed the contract with the British company? – Not yet. I (to do) it tomorrow.
5. You (to accept) the sellers’ prices? – I’m not sure.
6. Who (to study) the latest catalogues of American companies? – I will.
V. Раскройте скобки и употребите глаголы в Present Perfect.
1. The foreign businessmen already (arrive) but we (not, speak) with them yet.
2. We (not, make) many contracts this year.
3. “Where is Mr. Brown?” – “He (to go) to the airport to meet Mr. Green.”
4. “… (to be) you ever to the USA?” – “Yes, I (to be) to New York several times.”
5. We (to make) a lot of transactions lately.
6. “… the secretary (to finish) typing letters?” – “Not yet. In fact she just (begin).”
7. Mr. White (to go) on business to Minsk.
VI. Раскройте скобки и употребите глаголы в Past Indefinite.
Mr. Bell works at a big firm in London. His firm has good business contacts with the firms in Belarus. Last week Mr. Bell (to go) on business to Minsk and (to stay) about a week there.
On Friday evening Mr. Bell (to come) back from his business trip.
On Monday morning he (to come) to work at 8 o’clock. In his office he (to find) some letters on his desk. He (to sit) down and (to begin) to look them through. After that he (to speak) on the telephone with his boss. After the talks with him Mr. Bell (to give) his secretary the answers to the business letters. At 12 o’clock he (to go) out for lunch. In the afternoon he (to have) talks with the representatives of foreign companies. Mr. Bell (to be) busy all day long. That day he (to leave) the office later than usual.