Developments in Painting and Drawing Programs
The pixelization problem in painting programs was resolved in two ways.First, as the RAM and storage capacities of personal computers grew, raster image-processing programs were created that could handle images with a greater number of dots per inch. Today? S high-end raster image programs can handle full-screen images at 2400 dpi or higher in 16.7 million different colors. Another solution to the pixelization problem was the development of antialiasing, whereby pixels along the edge of an image are progressively lightened or darkened to produce the effect of a smooth edge.
The difficulty of producing irregular forms in drawing programs was resolved by the introduction of bezier curves. A bezier curve is a straight line or a curve that is described by its tangents-straight lines that are perpendicular to and bisect the line. Programs using bezier curves create curved lines, join them together, and modify the curvature of lines by manipulating tangent lines connected to points on the curves. The next great innovation in drawing programs was the introduction of freehand tools, which allowed users to draw an irregular line on the screen that was then automatically transformed into bezier curves that could be adjusted.
Painting and Drawing Programs Today
In the early days of personal computers, choosing among graphics programs was simple. One could use a painting program or a drawing program. The former was a good choice for producing graphics with irregular shapes. The latter was a good choice for producing graphic containing lots of regular geometric shapes, such as pie charts, bar graphs, and geometric figures.Today, distinctions between painting and drawing programs have blurred considerably because high-end drawing programs contain both drawing and painting features. Relatively simple painting and drawing programs are still available such as Microsoft Paint, which is bundled with the Windows 95 operating system. Professional computer illustrators generally work, however, in some more powerful and sophisticated programs.
The formation of the color pattern
It is known that mixing in different proportions the three primary colors: red, green, and blue, you can get any color. Thus, a mixture of these colors in equal proportions, forms a white color, a mixture of red and green - yellow, etc. This occurs through the ability of the human eye to mix the colors with each other and see only one color - the average. This system of creating colors is called system RGВ (an abbreviation of initial letters of English words red, green and blue).
Thus, to specify any color specify the proportion (intensity) of three colors: red, green, and blue. The total number of colors depends on the number of gradations of intensities of each primary color. So, if each of the primary colors has four levels of intensity, the total number of possible colors will be 4x4x4=64. In modern computers to encode the intensity of each of the primary colors is allocated one byte, giving 256 levels of intensity, and the number of available colors reaches 256х256х256=16.7 million
Much less frequently than RGB, use system НLS. Color is defined by three parameters: hue, contrast and brightness.
It is clear that the larger range of colors available, the more memory a graphic requires a raster file. However, most users do not need millions of colors. They need at least 256 or even 16 colors available. In this case, the user builds its own palette, blending certain colors from the entire spectrum of colors. The computer assigns a number to each color in the palette. Color of a single pixel or object remembered the room that has that color in the palette. Use of limited palette reduces the amount of memory on your graphics files.