Прошедшее неопределенное (простое) время

Past Indefinite (Simple) Tense

Обозначает:

Законченное действие в прошлом; действие которое происходило периодически или имело место в прошлом; прошлые привычки.

Yesterday; (a week, 2 days, … months) ago; last (Monday, year…); the day before yesterday

 

Глагол be в прошедшем времени

 

Утвердительная (повествовательная) форма

 
 

 
I You He She It We You They was were was was was were were were 15 (years old) last year. in Great Britain 3 months ago. a good pupil at school. my first girlfriend. a very interesting film. happy. at home at 3 o’clock. at sea.

 

Общий вопрос

 
Was Were Was Was Was Were Were Were I you he she it we you they 15 (years old) last year? in Great Britain 3 months ago? a good pupil at school? my first girlfriend? a very interesting film? happy? at home at 3 o’clock? at sea?

 

Краткий утвердительный ответ

       
   
 
 

 
Yes, I he she it   we you they   was.     were.  

 

Краткий отрицательный ответ

       
   
 

 
No, I he she it   we you they   was     were   (wasn’t)     not.     (weren’t)

 

Специальные вопросы

 
 

 
How old Where When Whose first girlfriend What film Who What time Where Who was were was was was was were were was I you he she?     you they?   last year? three months ago? a good pupil?   very interesting? happy? at home at 3 o’clock?   at sea?

 

Прошедшее неопределенное (простое) время смысловых глаголов

1. Правильные глаголы (regular verbs) принимают окончание –ed, которые читаются как:

[d]после гласных и звонких согласных звуков [t]после глухих согласных звуков [id]после звуков [t] и [d]
played rained studied lived snowed watched helped worked danced stopped wanted started needed

 

2. Если глагол оканчивается на немую букву –e, то при прибавлении –ed она выпадает.

to live – lived

3. Глаголы, основа которых оканчивается на –y с предшествующей согласной, меняют y на i:

to study – studied

А если перед yстоит гласная, то y сохраняется:

to stay – stayed

4. Глаголы, оканчивающиеся на согласную с предшествующим кратким гласным звуком, удваивают конечную согласную:

to stop – stopped

5. Неправильные глаголы (irregular verbs) не изменяются по этому правилу. Форму прошедшего времени таких глаголов можно найти в таблице неправильных глаголов (Past form).

Go – went

See – saw

Утвердительная форма

 
 

 
I You He She It We You They got up played had wanted snowed worked saw did at 7 o’clock yesterday morning. tennis last Monday. dinner very late. to be a doctor many years ago. in Moscow last week. there with our friends. him five minutes ago. this work very well.

 

Общий вопрос

 
  Did   I you he she it we you they get up play have want snow work see do at 7 o’clock yesterday morning? tennis last Monday? dinner very late? to be a doctor many years ago? in Moscow last week? there with our friends? him five minutes ago? this work very well?