EMR’s Impact Upon Human Body

EMR’s have negative influence upon people, as a consequence there is a possibility of an acute diseases, chronical gashes, body systems & organs transgression, functional shifts in neuro-psychical, carduim-vessel, endocrine, bloodcomposite and other systems.

Usually, the changes in nervous & carduim-vessel systems are reverse, and even though they are accumulated & get tougher with time, but as a rule they decrease & dissapear due to elimination of the sources of impact & with labour conditions improvement. Long-term, intense EMR impact leads to persistent transgressions & diseases.

Due to EMR’s impact in range of LF & VHF diapasons (diapasons 30kHz – 300 MHz) we may observe: general weakness, arisen exhaustion, sweatiness, sleepiness, and also a dream disorder, headache, aches around the heart area. Irritation appears, attention loss, the durability of lingually-motive and visile-agile reactions continues, limit of olfactory sensitiveness increases. The row of symptoms takes place, which tell us about the violation of work for some organs – stomach, liver, splin, pancreas and other glands. The feeding and secual reflexes are repressed, carduim-vessel system transgression takes place, the changes in proteometabolism and carbohydrate exchange indexes is observed, the blood composition changes, cellular level violations were noticed.

In this range (LF, VHF) the radio-stations, aircraft radiostations and airfield radio-services, radio and TV are operating, and are located as usually at large population concentration areas.

The activeness for EMR’s at different frequency diapasons is significantly enlarged with increase in frequency and has great influence in VHF diapason.

The EMR’s influence upon biological objects depends with radiation intensity. The thermal action is characterized with general increase in temperature of the body or local tissue heating. By influencing the organism’s tissue, the EMR causes the change in polarization of molecules and atoms, which constitute the cells, as a result the dangerous heating takes place. Extra heat may deliver harm to individual organs and to the whole human’s organism. The overheating is especially harmful to such organs as eyes, brain, kidney etc. The increase in intensity influences nervous system, de bene esse reflex activity, liver cells, increases the pressure, causes the changes in brains cortex, leads to loss of sight.

The EMR’s of low-frequency diapason (of industrial frequency of 50 Hz) cause functionality violation for CNS, cardio-vessel system, the increased exhaustion, languor, the decrease in moves accuracy, the change in blood pressure and pulse, arrhythmia and headache are observed.

To prevent the professional diseases, causes by EMR, the allowable norms of irradiation are set [7.8].

Means of struggle:

· By time

· By distance

· By radiation sources screening (shielding)

· By decreasing the emanation directly in the source of radiation

· By shielding the working places

· With individual protection means

· By isolation of radiation zones

Infra-red (IR) radiation - part of the electromagnetic spectrum with a wavelength of 700 nm - 1000 microns, energy absorption of which causes the substance of the thermal effect. The natural sources IRR include natural infrared radiation of the sun. Artificial sources IRR is any surface whose temperature is higher than the temperature of the surface to be irradiated (for humans all surfaces with temperatures higher than human body temperature: 36-37 ° C).

Effect of IRR depends on the wavelength, which determines the depth of penetration. Action IRR is to heat the skin, eyes, to disruption of the central nervous system, cardiovascular system, digestive system. With intense action on the bare head might be called sunstroke - headache, dizziness, accelerated breathing, loss of consciousness, poor coordination of movements, severe damage brain tissue until pronounced mininhitu and encephalitis.

Means of protection against IRR include: insulation of hot surfaces, heat-cooling surfaces, shielding of radiation sources, the use of personal protective equipment, rational organization of work and rest.

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation - the spectrum of electromagnetic waves with a wavelength of 200 - 400 nm. Feature UVR is high absorption - most of the bodies absorb it.

UVR, which is about 5% of the flux density of solar radiation, is a vital factor, the optimal dose of ultraviolet radiation activates heart metabolism, improve blood formation, have a bactericidal effect.

UVR with wavelength 10 - 20 nm (far range) has a very high energy and is fatal to humans, but in the wild waves are absorbed by the ozone layer of the atmosphere and Earth's surface are absent.

Reducing the intensity of UV radiation and protection against its effects are achieved:

• distance;

• shielding of radiation sources;

• shielded jobs;

• personal protective equipment;

• a special painting facilities;

• rational arrangement of workplaces.

One of the most fundamental scientific achievements of the XX century is the laser. High power laser radiation combined with high thrust can be obtained by focusing light streams through enormous power. However, laser radiation can affect the living organism. Most sensitive to laser radiation have eyes and skin. Their damage has character of burns. Irradiation of skin laser energy may also lead to the formation of tumors. Under the influence of laser radiation in humans felt functional changes in the central nervous and cardiovascular systems, endocrine glands, increases physical fatigue, fluctuating pressure, headache, irritability, agitation, disturbed sleep.

For protection against laser radiation used: television systems monitor the process, shields (casings), fences laser zone, personal protective equipment - special anti laser glasses, brushes, masks, gowns and gloves.

 

 

The final part.

It should again be emphasized that a person uses security measures to RF due to the physiological analyzers. However, not all are active RF can feel human. To do this, use measuring instruments. In the absence of measuring utensils, only knowledge of dangerous and harmful factors, especially their effects on man, security measures can help a person stay healthy in today's urban environment.

 


 

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