I. Choose the right answer
1. London became extremely prosperous during . . .
a) the reign of King Alfred.
b) the 16th century.
c) the 19th century.
2. The construction of London Underground began . . .
a) in the 18th century.
b) in the 20th century.
c) during Queen Victoria's reign.
3. The heart of London is . . .
a) Westminster.
b) the West End.
c) the City.
4. Westminster's construction was completed in . . .
a) the 10th century.
b) the 13th century.
c) the 18th century.
5. The official residence of the Queen is . . .
a) Kensington Palace.
b) Buckingham Palace.
c) the Tower of London.
6. The oldest royal residence is ...
a) Buckingham Palace.
b) the Tower of London.
c) Westminster Abbey.
7. The ravens in the Tower of London are taken care of because ...
a) they are very old.
b) they are very rare.
c) of a legend.
Quiz
1. What is the capital of Great Britain?
a) Edinburgh b) Boston c) London
2. How many parts does Great Britain contain?
a) 4 b) 3 c) 5
3. What is the English flag called?
a) Union Patric b) Union Jack c) Lines and Crosses
4. Who is the symbol of the typical Englishman?
a) John Bull b) John Bell c) St. Patric
5. What is the London underground called?
a) the tube b) the metro c) the subway
6. Who is the Head of State in Britain?
a) the Mayor b) the Queen c) the Prime Minister
7. What is the river in London?
a) Thames b) London c) Avon
8. What is the most expensive part of London?
a) West End b) East End c) the City
9. What colour are the taxis in London?
a) blue b) red c) black
10. If you go to London, you will see …..
a) the White House b) St.Paul`s Cathedral c) Greenwich
11. English people say……
a) candies b) cookies c) sweets
12.What is the Home of the Queen?
a) Buckingham Palace b) the White House c) Westminster Abbey
13. What city did The Beatles from?
a) London b) Manchester c) Liverpool
14. They say the Loch Ness Monster lives in a lake in ……….
a) Scotland b) Wales c) Ireland
Disscussion Points
1. What is the name of the Queen of Great Britain?
2. What parties are there in Great Britain?
3. Can you name the capitals of the parts of Great Britain?
4. What do you know about Big Ben?
5. What is the Tower of London notable for?
6. What are the principal rivers in England?
7. What are the main rivers in other parts of the UK?
8. What is the highest mountain in the United Kingdom?
9. What ethnic groups constitute the population of Great Britain?
10. What do you know about the educational system in Britain?
THE USA TODAY
National BirdBald Eagle
National FlowerRose
National AnthemStar-Spangled Banner
Declaration of Independence: July 4, 1776
Capital:Washington, District of Columbia (Washington, D.C.)
Origin of Name:the feminine version of the Latin name of Italian explorer Amerigo Vespucci. in Latin, the other continents' names were all feminine.
National Nicknames:the U.S. • USA • the U.S. of A. • the States • America • Uncle Sam
National Mottos: E Pluribus Unum (Out Of Many, One) • In God We Trust
The United States of America (also called the United States, the U.S., the USA, America, and the States) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C. 1507, German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a world map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere "America" after Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci. The former British colonies first used the country's modern name in the 1776 Declaration of Independence, the "unanimous Declaration of the thirteen united States of America". On November 15, 1777, the Second Continental Congress adopted the Articles of Confederation, which states, "The Stile of this Confederacy shall be 'The United States of America'." The Franco-American treaties of 1778 used "United States of North America", but from July 11, 1778, "United States of America" was used on the country's bills of exchange, and it has been the official name ever since.
Science and technology. The United States has been a leader in scientific research and technological innovation since the late 19th century. In 1876, Alexander Graham Bell was awarded the first U.S. patent for the telephone. Thomas Edison's laboratory developed the phonograph, the first long-lasting light bulb, and the first viable movie camera. Nikola Tesla pioneered alternating current, the AC motor, and radio. In the early 20th century, the automobile companies of Ransom E. Olds and Henry Ford popularized the assembly line. The Wright brothers, in 1903, made the first sustained and controlled heavier-than-air powered flight.
The rise of Nazism in the 1930s led many European scientists, including Albert Einstein and Enrico Fermi, to immigrate to the United States. During World War II, the Manhattan Project developed nuclear weapons, ushering in the Atomic Age. The Space Race produced rapid advances in rocketry, materials science, and computers. IBM, Apple Computer, and Microsoft refined and popularized the personal computer. The United States largely developed the ARPANET and its successor, the Internet. Today, 64% of research and development funding comes from the private sector. The United States leads the world in scientific research papers and impact factor. Americans possess high levels of technological consumer goods, and almost half of U.S. households have broadband Internet access. The country is the primary developer and grower of genetically modified food, representing half of the world's biotech crops.
Sylicon Valley
Santa Clara Valley, south of San Francisco, was famous for its prunes. The valley had acres of prune trees.
In 1939, two young engineers, Bill Hewlett and David Packard, went to work in a garage in the valley. They developed an oscillator, an electronic device.
Today Santa Clara Valley is the most important center of America’s computer and electronics industry, and Hewlett- Packard is one its major firms. More often than not, Santa Clara Valley is referred to by its nickname, Silicon Valley. (Silicon is an element used in making computer chips.)
Silicon Valley developed because there were entrepreneurs with ideas and capitalists who had the money to back them. Companies are more informal than many American workplaces; some almost seem like college campuses. Jogging is a popular lunchtime activity, and engineers are encouraged to spend time thinking about new ideas. Silicon Valley has changed over the years. Trends today include more attention to computer software, more partnerships with Japanese companies, and consolidation. One key element remains the same: the emphasis on innovation.
The symbols of the USA. American Flag.The United States Flag has had many names and many designs since it was first made in 1775. The most popular name is the Stars and Stripes. The flag stands for the land, the people, the government and the ideals of the United States.
The first flag represented the 13 original colonies but had the British flag in the upper left hand corner. After the Declaration of Independence was written the British flag was replaced with 13 stripes and 13 stars representing the 13 colonies. As more states were added to the union more stars were included. The 13 original stripes remain on today's flag, but there are now 50 stars for the 50 states.
Statue of Liberty.The Statue of Liberty was given to the United States by France in 1884. It was a symbol of friendship and liberty that both countries shared. France and the United States both shared its expense. A French sculptor, Fredric Auguste Bartholdi, designed it and chose its location. The Statue of Liberty is a symbol that expresses freedom to people all over the world. Her crown bears seven spikes representing the light of liberty on the seven seas and seven continents. In her left arm she holds a tablet with the date of the Declaration of Independence. A broken chain at her feet represents the brokenness of a dictatorship. Millions of immigrants were "greeted" by her as they entered the United States seeking freedom and opportunity.
White House.The White House is the home of the President of the United States. Whoever is President lives and works there until someone else becomes President. It is located in Washington D.C. President and Mrs. John Adams became the first family to live in the White House in 1800. The British burned the mansion down during the War of 1812, but it was rebuilt. Throughout the years, 43 presidents have made some of the most important decisions in history while living in the White House.
Thomas Jefferson Memorial.The Thomas Jefferson Memorial is a shrine to honor the third President of the United States and author of the Declaration of Independence. President Franklin D. Roosevelt spoke at a ceremony at the start of construction in 1938.
On the 200th anniversary of Jefferson's birth (April 13, 1943) it was dedicated. The design of the building, which is circular, was introduced to the United States by Jefferson, himself. A Statue of Thomas Jefferson and four of his famous quotes are located inside the shrine.
Mount Rushmore.Mount Rushmore is in the Black Hills of South Dakota. It show the faces of the four American Presidents: George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Theodore Roosevelt and Abraham Lincoln. It is a memorial designed by an American sculptor, Gutzon Borglum. It is taller than the Great Pyramid of Egypt and is the world's greatest mountain carving.
Liberty Bell.The Liberty Bell is a treasured remembrance when America was fighting for its Independence. It was rung on July 8, 1776, for the 1st public reading of the Declaration of Independence. It weighs over 2,080 pounds. Today the bell hangs in a shelter, just north of Independence Hall in Philadelphia. For nearly 100 years, the Liberty Bell rang on many special events. The Bell cracked in 1841, so it is not rung anymore. Although, it is struck with a mallet on special days.
Vocabulary
contiguous [kən'tɪɡjυəs] суміжний, прилеглий
cartographer [kɑ:'tɒɡrəfə] картограф
to adopt [ə'dɒpt] приймати
phonograph ['fəυnəɡrɑ:f] фонограф
bulb [bʌlb] електрична лампа
viable ['vaɪ əbl] життєздатний
assembly line [ə'semblɪ] конвеєр
sustain [sə'steɪn] підтримувати
nuclear weapons ['nju:klɪə'wepən] ядерна зброя
usher ['ʌʃə] вводити
impact ['ɪmpækt] вплив
prune [pru:n] слива
oscillator ['ɒsɪleɪtə] випромінювач
device [dɪ'vaɪs] пристрій
nickname ['nɪkneɪm] назва, прізвисько
entrepreneur [̗ɒntrəprə'nɜ:] підприємець
campus ['kæmpəs] територія універси-
тету, коледжа
software ['sɒft'wɜə] програмне забезпе-
чення
consolidation [kən̗sɒlɪ'deɪʃn] консолідація
expense [ɪk'spens] витрата
spike [spaɪk] пронизувати
dictatorship [dɪk'teɪtəʃɪp] диктатура
seek [si:k] шукати
dedicate ['dedɪkeɪt] присвячувати
circular ['sɜ:kjυlə] круглий
shrine [ʃraɪn] гробниця, усипальниця
shelter ['ʃeltə] притулок
crack [kræk] шуміти, тріщати
mallet ['mælɪt] дерев’яний молоток