Will they be back soon?
… They won't be back soon …
2) Tom will go to Africa next year.
3) She will visit us next Tuesday.
4) Robots will do most of the work.
5) Pollution will disappear.
6) I will buy the tickets for toy.
7) We will listen to new CD.
8) He will make some tea.
9) The rock group will sing tonight.
10) My aunt will cook a meal today.
3. Заполните пропуски, используя краткие ответы:
1) Will they go camping next week?
Yes, … they will …
2) Will you have a party on your birthday this year?
Yes, ……
3) Will Tom buy a car next year?
No, ……
4) Will Ann go to a concert tonight?
No, ……
5) Will you learn how to drive next summer?
No, ……
6) Will the children decorate the cake?
Yes, ……
7) Will mother be back in an hour?
No, ……
8) Will Peter call Kate tonight?
Yes, ……
9) Will you help me fix the TV set?
No, ……
10) Will you go out with your friends at the weekend?
Yes, ……
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Конструкция ‟Be going to”
Образование:
am
be is + going to
are
| Утвердительная форма | Отрицательная форма | Вопросительная форма | ||
| Длинная | Короткая | Длинная | Короткая | |
| I am going to play | I'm going toplay | I am not going to play | I'm not going to play | Am I going to play? |
| You are going to play | You're going toplay | You are not going to play | You aren't going to play | Are you going to play? |
| He is going to play | He's going toplay | He is not going to play | He isn't going to play | Ishe going to play? |
| She is going to play | She's going toplay | She is not going to play | She isn't going to play | Isshe going to play? |
| It is going to play | It's going toplay | It is not going to play | It isn't going to play | Is it going to play? |
| We are going to play | We're going toplay | We are not going to play | We aren't going to play | Are we going to play? |
| You are going to play | You're going toplay | You are not going to play | You aren't going toplay | Are you going to play? |
| They are going to play | They're going to play | They are not going to play | They aren't going to play | Are they going toplay? |
Употребление:
1) для планов и намерений на ближайшее будущее (собираться, намереваться что-то сделать):
I am going toplay football this afternoon.
Heis going tobuy a bike this summer.
2) ожидание какого-либо события, которое произойдет в ближайшем будущем (есть какая-то очевидность):
Sheis going tohavea baby.
It is going torain.
| Are you…? | Yes, I am/ we are. | No, I'm not/ we aren't. |
| Is he/ she/ it…? | Yes, he/ she/ it is. | No, he/ she/ it isn’t. |
| Are they…? | Yes, they are. | No, they aren’t. |
Краткие ответы:
Are you going to call him? Yes, I am/ No, I'm not.
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Заполните пропуски, используя необходимую форму be going to (утвердительную, отрицательную, вопросительную) и слова, данные в скобках:
1) I …am going to buy … (buy) a new car next month.
2) When …… (you/ tidy) your bedroom? It's very messy!
3) Bob …… (play) football on Saturday because he hurt his leg.
4) Barry and Jason …… (visit) their grandparents on Sunday.
5) …… (Denise/ appear) in the new TV series?
6) Monica …… (sing) in the concert. She has got a sore throat.
7) I …… (walk) to school today. I'll take the bus.
8) …… (you/ help) me wash the dishes after lunch?
9) Helen …… (cook) dinner for some friends tomorrow.
10) Ruth …… (come) with us. She's too busy at work.
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Модальные глаголы (Modal Verbs)
1) глаголы must, can, could, may, might, should – модальные глаголы. Они выражают обязательство, необходимость, способность, вероятность, отсутствие необходимости, предложения, просьбы, разрешение, запрет, совет.
Особенности модальных глаголов:
2) у модальных глаголов нет окончания –s, формы -ing, суффикса –ed:
She must study.
3)большая частьмодальных глаголов сопровождается «голым» инфинитивом, т.е. инфинитивом без частички to:
He may be ill.
4) местоположение модального глагола в вопросительных предложениях – перед подлежащим, а в отрицательных предложениях модальные глаголы сопровождаютcя частичкой not:
Can I talk to you? He couldn’t (could not) speak.
5) обычно модальные глаголы не имеют времени. Они могут относиться к настоящему или будущему времени:
You can call now (present). You can call tomorrow (future).
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MUST
1) выражает обязательство — необходимость — обязанность, долг:
You must stop when the traffic light is red (Вы должны остановиться перед красным светом светофора).
2) выражает запрет:
mustn’t / can't = запрещается/ не разрешается что-то делать, против правил/ закона:
You mustn’t/ can't park here (Запрещается, так как это противозаконно).
3) используется только в настоящем или ближайшем будущем времени.
Если необходимо употребление других времен, то берется другой его эквивалент have to:
He had to work late yesterday, so he didn’t go to the party.
| present simple = must/ have to past simple = had to future simple = must/ will have to |
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BE TO
be to–необходимость совершения действия в зависимости от расписания, договоренности, плана или приказа:
Sheis to come and help.
| present simple = am/ is/ are to past simple = was/ were to |
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NEEDN'T / DON’T HAVE TO
needn’t/ don’t (doesn’t) need to/ don’t (doesn’t) have to/ = отсутствие необходимости что-то
делать:
The farmer needn’t/ doesn’t need to/ doesn’t have to buy any eggs (нет необходимости фермеру покупать яйца).
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1. Заполните пропуски, используя must, mustn’t или needn’t/ don’t have to:
1) A: Shall I help you with your shopping?
B: No, … you needn’t/ don’t have to…I can manage by myself.
2) A: You …… study hard to pass exams.
B: I know. I study every evening.
3) A: You …… play football inside the house.
B: I'm sorry. I'll go outside.
4) A: It is her birthday on Saturday.
B: I know. I …… remember to buy her a present.
5) A: Do you want anything from the supermarket?
B: No, you …… get me anything today, thank you. I'm going out myself later.
6) A: My dog has been ill all week.
B: Oh dear! You …… take him to the vet.
7) A: You …… be late for work tomorrow morning.
B: I know. I'll try to arrive early.
8) A: You …… take these books out of the library.
B: I know. It's forbidden.
9) A: Shall I make an appointment for you at the dentist's?
B: No, you …… I'll do it myself next week.
10) A: Do you want me to wait for you after work?
B: No, you …… wait. I can walk home by myself.
2. Переведите следующие предложения с модальным глаголом be to на русский язык:
1) He is to come here at five o'clock.
2) She was to wear that dress at the party.
3) We are to go to the cinema tomorrow.
4) They were to start on Monday.
5) I am to get there before the others.
6) My friend's daughter was to graduate from university.
7) We were to tell them bad news.
8) I am to wait for her at the railway station.
9) The bus was to leave at 5 p.m.
10) Who is to take care of the children?
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DIDN’T NEED TO
используется для выражения отсутствия необходимости что-то сделать в прошлом (показывает действие, которое не произошло в прошлом, потому что мы знаем, что в нем не было необходимости):
They didn’t need to cut any more wood (не было необходимости для них рубить еще дрова,
поэтому они не стали этого делать).
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Перефразируйте, следующие предложения, используя didn’t need to:
1) It wasn’t necessary for him to wash the car. It wasn’t dirty.
… He didn’t need to wash the car… .
2) It wasn’t necessary for them to hurry. They had enough time.
3) It wasn’t necessary for us to take an umbrella. It wasn’t raining.
4) It wasn’t necessary for me to buy any food, because we had plenty at home.
5) It wasn’t necessary for us to turn on the light. It wasn’t dark.
6) It wasn’t necessary for Roger to find a job.
7) It wasn’t necessary for Mark to buy new clothes for the reception.
8) It wasn’t necessary for Alice to bake a cake for the party.
9) It wasn’t necessary for Paula to make the beds.
10) It wasn’t necessary for David to go to college. All the lectures were cancelled.
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