Употребление the Present Simple (Indefinite) Tense
1. Постоянные ситуации или состояния.
| My father works as an engineer. | Мой отец работает инженером. |
2. Повторяющиеся/привычные действия. В данном значении часто употребляются наречия: always всегда,often часто,usually обычно,never никогда,generally обычно, как правило,seldom редко,regularly регулярно,rarely редко,sometimes иногда,occasionally изредка,every day/week/month/year каждый(-ую) день/неделю/месяц/год и др. Указателями настоящего времени могут быть слова today сегодня,nowadays в наши дни; теперь,словосочетанияthis week на этой неделе,this month/year в этом месяце/году,at present в настоящее время и др. Причем наречия частотности (always,often,neverи др.) обычно ставятся перед глаголом. В вопросительных и отрицательных предложениях – между вспомогательным глаголом и основным глаголом.
| I often write letters to my sister. Doyou oftengoto the cinema? We don’toftenplay basketball. | Я часто пишу письма своей сестре. Ты часто ходишь в кино? Мы не часто играем в баскетбол. |
3. Общеизвестные факты или законы природы
| The Earth goes round the Sun. | Земля вращается вокруг Солнца. |
4. Обзоры/спортивные комментарии и т. д.
| And Eastwood passes the ball to Andrews. | Иствуд передает мяч Эндрюсу. |
5. Действия, совершающиеся в момент речи (вместоthe Present Continuous Tense) с глаголами, которые обычно не употребляются во временах группыContinuous(to see видеть, понимать,to hear слышать,tohateненавидеть,toloveлюбить и др.)
| I thinkwe are wrong. | Я считаю, что мы ошибаемся. |
6. Расписания/программы (будущее значение).См. Будущие времена.the Present Simple (Indefinite) Tense and the Present Continuous (Progressive) Tense with a future meaning
| The next train leaves in an hour. | Следующий поезд отправляется через час. |
7. В обстоятельственных придаточных предложениях условия и времени, которые вводятся союзами if если,unless если … не,provided that при условии если,when когда,until, till до тех пор, пока не,as soon as как только,as long as пока, before прежде чем и т. д. для описания будущих действий вместо the Future Simple (Indefinite) Tense.См. Будущие времена.Придаточные предложения времени и условия.
| As soon as I writethe letter, I’ll post it immediately. | Как только я напишу письмо, я сразу же его отправлю. |
EXERCISES
| Exercise 1. | Write the he/she/itforms of these verbs. |
| buy | carry | catch | come | cook | copy | do | drink |
| enjoy | fetch | fix | fry | go | listen | live | marry |
| miss | play | push | read | run | smoke | stand | start |
| stay | study | think | touch | try | watch | wish | write |
| Exercise 2. | Give the correct form of the Present Simple of each verb. |
| 1. | I always ____ (listen) to the radio in the mornings. |
| 2. | It usually ____ (snow) here in the winter. |
| 3. | We ____ (watch) television every night. |
| 4. | They ____ (play) table tennis every Saturday. |
| 5. | She ____ (study) very hard at the weekends. |
| 6. | This computer ____ (belong) to Philip. |
| 7. | My parents usually ____ (come) to our house on Sundays. |
| 8. | She ____ (do) a lot of homework in the evenings |
| 9. | Lessons ____ (start) at 8 o’clock every morning. |
| 10. | The Earth ____ (go) round the Sun. |
| Exercise 3. | Choose one verb to make each sentence negative. |
| Model: | It doesn’t snow very often in San Francisco. (snow, sing, play) |
| 1. | Tom’s really tired, but he ____ to go to bed. (see, want, pay) |
| 2. | I’m sorry – I ____ your name. (teach, help, remember) |
| 3. | He lives in Spain, but he ____ a word of Spanish. (sing, speak, listen) |
| 4. | Helen’s parents ____ I’m the right man for their daughter. (call, think, look) |
| 5. | She works in London, but I ____ what she does. (know, read, come) |
| 6. | We ____ a big flat – just one bedroom. (remember, write, want) |
| 7. | Philip ____ very hard, but he makes a lot of money. (work, take, get) |
| 8. | I like volleyball, but I ____ football at all. (change, like, make) |
| Exercise 4. | You are asking somebody questions. Make questions with Do/Does. |
| Model: | I don’t smoke. And you? Do you smoke? |
| 1. | I drink a lot of tea. And you? |
| 2. | I work very hard. And Mike? |
| 3. | I swim every morning. And they? |
| 4. | I don’t teach German. And Ann? |
| 5. | I drive very fast. And your brother? |
| 6. | I always go out on Saturdays. And you? |
| 7. | I play the piano. And Lora? |
| 8. | I understand Spanish. And your friends? |
| 9. | I like animals. And her children? |
| 10. | I usually go away at weekends. And your sister? |
| Exercise 5. | Choose the correct question word and put in door does. |
| how | how much | what | when | where | why | how often |
| Model: | Where do your children live? |
| 1. | ____ the holidays start? |
| 2. | ____ he visit his friends? |
| 3. | ____ they go every weekend? |
| 4. | ____ these apples cost? |
| 5. | ____ we learn chemistry? |
| 6. | ____ you pronounce this word? |
| 7. | ____ languages ____ he speak? |
| Exercise 6. | Ask your group mate: |
| 1. | if he lives in a hostel; |
| 2. | if he gets up early in the morning; |
| 3. | how much time it takes him to get to the university; |
| 4. | if he always travels by bus; |
| 5. | when his classes begin; |
| 6. | where his brother studies; |
| 7. | how his friends usually spend weekends; |
| 8. | where his parents work. |
| Exercise 7. | Rewrite the sentences putting the adverb in brackets in the correct place. |
| Model: | They open the windows at night. (always) |
| They always open the windows at night. |
| 1. | We see our neighbours in the garden. (often) |
| 2. | Paul washes the car. (sometimes) |
| 3. | I write letters to my old school friends. (occasionally) |
| 4. | Lucy watches the football on television. (never) |
| 5. | Charlie doesn’t listen to music in the evening. (usually) |
| 6. | We go to the theater. (rarely) |
| Exercise 8. | A. Look through the following information: |
| How often do you ____ 1. get up early in the morning? 2. miss your classes? 3. go to the library? | Peter and Helen | Andrew | you |
| always never often | rarely usually sometimes | ? ? ? |
| B. Now write sentences about Peter and Helen, Andrew and yourself. Useoften/never/sometimes/usually/rarely/always. |
| Exercise 9. | Some of these sentences are wrong. Correct the mistakes where necessary. |
| 1. | I not write many letters. I usually use the telephone. |
| 2. | What time the film starts? |
| 3. | I take the dog for a walk every day. |
| 4. | Each substance melt at definite temperature. |
| 5. | They go swimming last weekend. |
| 6. | I drink a lot of tea with my breakfast. |
| 7. | You never help me with my homework. |
| 8. | My car don’t work when it is cold. |
| 9. | Do she finish work at five o’clock? |
| 10. | Peter visits his grandparents at the weekend often. |
| Exercise 10. | A. Julie is asking Ann about her visits to the cinema. Complete their conversation. |
| Julie: Ann: Julie: Ann: Julie: Ann: Julie: Ann: Julie: Ann: Julie: Ann: Julie: Ann: Julie: Ann: Julie: Ann: | Model: How often do you go to the cinema? Usually once a week. 1.__________ alone? No, with my boy-friend. 2.__________ there? We always take a bus. 3.__________? It takes us 15 minutes to get there. 4.__________? £5.00. 5.__________? We usually sit at the back of the cinema. 6.__________? All kinds of films, especially comedies. 7.__________ film? My favourite is “Laws of Attraction”. 8.__________ anything, for example, ice-cream? No, I don’t, but I usually have a coke. |
| B. Now write the Ann’s answers in a short paragraph. |
Ann usually goes to the cinema once a week with a boy-friend. She 1.____ to the cinema by bus. It 2.____her 15 minutes to get there. The ticket 3.____ £5.00 and she 4.____ at the back of the cinema. She 5.____ all kinds of films, especially comedies. Her favourite film 6.____.“Laws of Attraction”. She 7.____ anything but she usually 8.____ a coke.
| C. What about you? Do you go to the cinema? Write a short paragraph like the one above. |