Abstract word are often concretized in translation if...?
$$ there is no correlated abstract word
$ there’s described the predominant features
$ there’s general idea of the meaning
$ there is general philosophical principle
What is generalization?
$$ the reverse of concretization
$ forms and levels of responsibility
$ maintenance instructions and after-dinner speeches
$ taking the necessary notes
Generalization is sometimes used in ...?
$$ rendering non-equivalents
$ translation phenomenon
$ combination of factors
$ special translation theories
What is antonymic translation?
$$ substituting the antonym for the original word
$ translation phenomenon of the original word
$ combination of factors of the original word
$ special translation theories of the original word
What is metonymic translation?
$$ substitution of contiguous concepts
$ forms and levels of responsibility
$ maintenance instructions and after-dinner speeches
$ taking the necessary notes
What is paraphrasing?
$$ rendering of the meaning of idiomatic phrase
$ describing the predominant features
$ the most general idea of the meaning
$ general philosophical principles
A phrase logical unit is rendered by.....?
$$ corresponding phrase logical unit expressing the same idea in different words
$ corresponding forms and levels of responsibility
$ corresponding maintenance instructions and after-dinner speeches
$ taking the necessary notes
A contextual meaning arises in .....?
$$ the context
$ the translation
$ combination of factors
$ special translation theories
What is direct borrowing?
$$ transliteration or transcription
$ forms and levels of responsibility
$ maintenance instructions and after-dinner speeches
$ taking the necessary notes
What does the problem of functional style pertain to?
$$ the specific features of different genres
$ translation phenomenon
$ combination of actors
$ special translation theories
The frequency parameters of lexical items should be taken into account in....?
$$ choosing their equivalents in the target language
$ forms and levels of responsibility
$ maintenance instructions and after-dinner speeches
$ taking the necessary notes
What is expansion?
$$ an increase in the number of syntactic elements
$ describing the predominant features
$ the most general idea of the meaning
$ general philosophical principles
A different stylistic device should be employed in the target language ....?
$$ to achieve a comparable stylistic effect
$ to form and level of responsibility
$ to maintenance instructions and after-dinner speeches
$ to taking the necessary notes
What does the problem of stylistic device centers around?
$$ the relative functional value of identical stylistic resources
$ the translation phenomenon
$ the combination of factors
$ the special translation theories
How the stylistic effect of alliteration does sometimes is reached in poetry?
$$ by rhymes
$ by forms
$ by instructions
$ by necessary notes
What’s “cockney”?
$$ dialect
$ translation
$ combination
$ theory
The dialect of what district of London is “cockney”?
$$ the East End
$ the West End
$ the City
$ the Centre
Cockney speakers belong to....?
$$ lower and less educated social groups
$ predominant group
$ the most ideal group
$ philosophical group
What are the two major varieties of Standard English?
$$ British and American
$ Irish and British
$ American and Canadian
$ American and Australian
Which of the following words is an American variant of “a high school teacher”?
$$ instructor
$ teacher
$ tutor
$ lecturer
What’s the American variant of “a letter-box”?
$$ a mail-box
$ a pillar-box
$ a message-box
$ a correspondence box